{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T00:45:27Z","timestamp":1794271527319,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Coordination Office of Scientific Research Projects","award":["21.GAP.033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21.GAP.033"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Nephrol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pathological changes were observed in the diaphragm due to abnormal renal function in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been suggested for patients with CKD; however, the most appropriate intensity for IMT has not been determined. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of different IMT protocols on respiratory muscle strength, quadriceps femoris muscle strength (QMS), handgrip muscle strength (HGS), functional exercise capacity, quality of life (QoL), pulmonary function, dyspnoea, fatigue, balance, and physical activity (PA) levels in patients with CKD<jats:bold>.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This randomized, controlled, single-blind study included 47 patients and they were divided into three groups: Group 1 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915, IMT with 10% maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP)), Group 2 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916, IMT with 30% MIP), and Group 3(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916; IMT with 60% MIP). MIP, maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), 6-min walking test (6-MWT), QMS, HGS, QoL, pulmonary function, dyspnoea, fatigue, balance, and PA levels were assessed before and after eight weeks of IMT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increases in MIP, %MIP, 6-MWT distance, and %6-MWT were significantly higher in Groups 2 and 3 than in Group 1 after IMT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). MEP, %MEP, FEF<jats:sub>25-75%,<\/jats:sub>QMS, HGS, and QoL significantly increased; dyspnoea and fatigue decreased in all groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). FVC, PEF, and PA improved only in Group 2, and balance improved in Groups 1 and 2 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>IMT with 30% and 60% MIP similarly improves inspiratory muscle strength and functional exercise capacity. IMT with 30% is more effective in increasing PA. IMT is a beneficial method to enhance peripheral and expiratory muscle strength, respiratory function, QoL and balance, and reduce dyspnoea and fatigue. IMT with %30 could be an option for patients with CKD who do not tolerate higher intensities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was retrospectively registered (NCT06401135, 06\/05\/2024).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-024-03610-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T13:02:09Z","timestamp":1716987729000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of different inspiratory muscle training protocols on functional exercise capacity and respiratory and peripheral muscle strength in patients with chronic kidney disease: a randomized study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Nihan","family":"Katay\u0131f\u00e7\u0131","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130rem","family":"H\u00fczmeli\u0307","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00f6nd\u00fc","family":"\u0130ri\u0307\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faruk Hilmi","family":"Turgut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"3610_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0158765","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158765","volume":"11","author":"NR Hill","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hill NR, Fatoba ST, Oke JL, Hirst JA, O\u2019Callaghan CA, Lasserson DS, et al. Global prevalence of chronickidney disease -a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoSOne. 2016;11:e0158765.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0158765","journal-title":"PLoSOne."},{"key":"3610_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2013.780977","volume":"35","author":"MC de Lima","year":"2013","unstructured":"de Lima MC, Cicotoste Cde L, Cardoso Kda S, Forgiarini LA Jr, Monteiro MB, Dias AS. Effect of exercise performed during hemodialysis:strength versus aerobic. Ren Fail. 2013;35:697\u2013704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/0886022X.2013.780977.","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"3610_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2019.05.003","volume":"122","author":"PL Valenzuela","year":"2019","unstructured":"Valenzuela PL, Cobo F, Diez-Vega I, S\u00e1nchez-Hern\u00e1ndez R, Pedrero-Chamizo R, Verde-Rello Z, et al. Physical per formance, plasma S-klotho, and all-cause mortality in elderly dialysis patients: a prospective cohort study. Exp Gerontol. 2019;122:123\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exger.2019.05.003.","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"3610_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nefro.2020.01.002","volume":"40","author":"F Villanego","year":"2020","unstructured":"Villanego F, Naranjo J, Vigara LA, Cazorla JM, Montero ME, Garc\u00eda T, et al. Impact of physical exercise in patients with chronic kidney disease: Sistematic review and meta-analysis. Nefrologia (Engl Ed). 2020;40:237\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nefro.2020.01.002.","journal-title":"Nefrologia (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"3610_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-9987.13714","volume":"26","author":"Rezende P de Souza","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Souza Rezende P, Porcher Andrade F, Ferraro Dos Santos Borba C, Eidt Rovedder PM. Pulmonary function, muscle strength, and quality of life have differed between chronic kidney disease patients and healthy individuals. Ther Apher Dial. 2022;26:337\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1744-9987.13714.","journal-title":"Ther Apher Dial"},{"key":"3610_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2017.02.016","volume":"63","author":"AIC de Medeiros","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Medeiros AIC, Fuzari HKB, Rattesa C, Brand\u00e3o DC, de Melo Marinho P\u00c9. Inspiratory muscle training improves respiratory muscle strength, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review. J Physiother. 2017;63:76\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphys.2017.02.016.","journal-title":"J Physiother"},{"key":"3610_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2019.04.003","volume":"24","author":"T Dipp","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dipp T, Macagnan FE, Schardong J, Fernandes RO, Lemos LC, Plentz RDM. Short period of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training improves inspiratory muscle strength in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial. Braz J Phys Ther. 2020;24:280\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjpt.2019.04.003.","journal-title":"Braz J Phys Ther"},{"key":"3610_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155221135729","volume":"37","author":"F Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang F, Wang H, Bai Y, Huang L, Zhang H. Effect of respiratory muscle training in patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Rehabil. 2023;37:348\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02692155221135729.","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"3610_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-14-184","volume":"14","author":"S Faria Rde","year":"2013","unstructured":"Faria Rde S, Fernandes N, Lovisi JC, Reboredo Mde M, Marta MS, Pinheiro Bdo V, et al. Pulmonary function and exercise tolerance are related to disease severity in pre-dialytic patients with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2013;14:18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2369-14-184.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"3610_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-023-03448-z","volume":"25","author":"N Katay\u0131f\u00e7\u0131","year":"2024","unstructured":"Katay\u0131f\u00e7\u0131 N, H\u00fczmeli \u0130, \u0130ri\u015f D, Turgut FH. Impairments of functional exercise capacity, muscle strength, balance and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2024;25:19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12882-023-03448-z.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"3610_CR11","first-page":"S1","volume":"39","author":"K\/DOQI","year":"2002","unstructured":"K\/DOQI. K\/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:S1\u2013266.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"3610_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801214","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01214-2018","volume":"53","author":"P Laveneziana","year":"2019","unstructured":"Laveneziana P, Albuquerque A, Aliverti A, Babb T, Barreiro E, Dres M, et al. ERS statement on respiratory muscle testing at rest and during exercise. Eur Respir J. 2019;53:1801214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/13993003.01214-2018.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"3610_CR13","first-page":"1348","volume":"54","author":"JA Evans","year":"2009","unstructured":"Evans JA, Whitelaw WA. The assessment of maximal respiratory mouth pressures in adults. Respir Care. 2009;54:1348\u201359.","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"3610_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9343(00)00472-1","volume":"109","author":"T Troosters","year":"2000","unstructured":"Troosters T, Gosselink R, Decramer M. Short- and long-term effects of outpatient rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trial. Am J Med. 2000;109:207\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9343(00)00472-1.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"3610_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.5.1202","volume":"144","author":"American Thoracic Society","year":"1991","unstructured":"American Thoracic Society. Lung function testing: selection of reference values and interpretative strategies. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991;144:1202\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.5.1202.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"3610_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/s0003-9993(97)90005-8","volume":"78","author":"RW Bohannon","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bohannon RW. Reference values for extremity muscle strength obtained by hand-held dynamometry from adults aged 20 to 79 years. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997;78:26\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0003-9993(97)90005-8.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"3610_CR17","first-page":"321","volume":"51","author":"RT Schmidt","year":"1970","unstructured":"Schmidt RT, Toews JV. Grip strength as measured by the Jamar dynamometer. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1970;51:321\u20137.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"3610_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102","volume":"166","author":"ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories","year":"2002","unstructured":"ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:111\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"3610_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.1999.14b06.x","volume":"14","author":"T Troosters","year":"1999","unstructured":"Troosters T, Gosselink R, Decramer M. Six minute walking distance in healthy elderly subjects. Eur Respir J. 1999;14:270\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1034\/j.1399-3003.1999.14b06.x.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"3610_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20100141","volume":"91","author":"E Segura-Ort\u00ed","year":"2011","unstructured":"Segura-Ort\u00ed E, Mart\u00ednez-Olmos FJ. Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores for sit-to-stand-to-sit tests, the six-minute walk test, the one-leg heel-rise test, and handgrip strength in people undergoing hemodialysis. Phys Ther. 2011;91:1244\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2522\/ptj.20100141.","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"3610_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.93.3.580","volume":"93","author":"DA Mahler","year":"1988","unstructured":"Mahler DA, Wells CK. Evaluation of clinical methods for rating dyspnea. Chest. 1988;93:580\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.93.3.580.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"3610_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/MRR.0b013e3280146ec4","volume":"30","author":"K Armutlu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Armutlu K, Korkmaz NC, Keser I, Sumbuloglu V, Akbiyik DI, Guney Z, et al. The validity and reliability of the Fatigue Severity Scale in Turkish multiple sclerosis patients. Int J Rehabil Res. 2007;30:81\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MRR.0b013e3280146ec4.","journal-title":"Int J Rehabil Res"},{"key":"3610_CR23","volume-title":"SF-36 Physical and Mental Health Summary Scales: A User\u2019s Manual","author":"JE Ware","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ware JE, Kosinski M, Keller SD. SF-36 Physical and Mental Health Summary Scales: A User\u2019s Manual. Boston, MA: Health Assessment Lab; 1994."},{"key":"3610_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.2466\/06.08.PMS.111.4.278-284","volume":"111","author":"M Saglam","year":"2010","unstructured":"Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, Inal-Ince D, Bosnak-Guclu M, Karabulut E, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills. 2010;111:278\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2466\/06.08.PMS.111.4.278-284.","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"key":"3610_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197719952736","volume":"27","author":"K Berg","year":"1995","unstructured":"Berg K, Wood-Dauphinee S, Williams JI. The Balance Scale: reliability assessment with elderly residents and patients with an acute stroke. Stand J Rehabil Med. 1995;27:27\u201336.","journal-title":"Stand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"3610_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0200727","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200727","volume":"13","author":"PHS Figueiredo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Figueiredo PHS, Lima MMO, Costa HS, Martins JB, Flecha OD, Gon\u00e7alves PF, et al. Effects of the inspiratory muscle training and aerobic training on respiratory and functional parameters, inflammatory biomarkers, redox status and quality of life in hemodialysis patients: A randomized clinical trial. PLoS ONE. 2018;13:e0200727. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0200727.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3610_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.1.2.170","volume":"1","author":"WP Dunlap","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dunlap WP, Cortina JM, Vaslow JB, Burke MJ. Meta-analysis of experiments with matched groups or repeated measures designs. Psychol Methods. 1996;1:170\u20137.","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"key":"3610_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00863","volume":"4","author":"D Lakens","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lakens D. Calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science: a practical primer for t-tests and ANOVAs. Front Psychol. 2013;4:863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00863.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"3610_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2012.745727","volume":"35","author":"CO Pellizzaro","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pellizzaro CO, Thom\u00e9 FS, Veronese FV. Effect of peripheral and respiratory muscle training on the functional capacity of hemodialysis patients. Ren Fail. 2013;35:189\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/0886022X.2012.745727.","journal-title":"Ren Fail"},{"key":"3610_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1879","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.1879","volume":"26","author":"K Yuenyongchaiwat","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yuenyongchaiwat K, Namdang P, Vasinsarunkul P, Phongsukree P, Chaturattanachaiyaporn K, Pairojkittrakul S, et al. Effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory fitness and breathlessness in chronic renal failure: A randomized control trial. Physiother Res Int. 2021;26:e1879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pri.1879.","journal-title":"Physiother Res Int"},{"key":"3610_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1590\/S0101-28002011000100009","volume":"33","author":"VG Silva","year":"2011","unstructured":"Silva VG, Amaral C, Monteiro MB, Nascimento DM, Boschetti JR. Effects of inspiratory muscle training in hemodialysis patients. J Bras Nefrol. 2011;33:62\u20138.","journal-title":"J Bras Nefrol"},{"key":"3610_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2018.1485181","volume":"41","author":"AIC Medeiros","year":"2019","unstructured":"Medeiros AIC, Brand\u00e3o DC, Souza RJP, Fuzari HKB, Barros CESR, Barbosa JBN, et al. Effects of daily inspiratory muscle training on respiratory muscle strength and chest wall regional volumes in haemodialysis patients: a randomised clinical trial. Disabil Rehabil. 2019;41:3173\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638288.2018.1485181.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"3610_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215511431088","volume":"26","author":"RR Figueiredo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Figueiredo RR, Castro AA, Napoleone FM, Faray L, de Paula J\u00fanior AR, Os\u00f3rio RA. Respiratory biofeedback accuracy in chronic renal failure patients: a method comparison. Clin Rehabil. 2012;26:724\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269215511431088.","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"3610_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1191\/1479972304cd020rs","volume":"1","author":"R Gosselink","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gosselink R. Breathing techniques in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chron Respir Dis. 2004;1:163\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1191\/1479972304cd020rs.","journal-title":"Chron Respir Dis"},{"key":"3610_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0209325","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209325","volume":"13","author":"H Wallin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wallin H, Asp AM, Wallquist C, Jansson E, Caidahl K, Hylander R\u00f6ssner B, et al. Gradual reduction in exercise capacity in chronic kidney disease is associated with systemic oxygen delivery factors. PLoS ONE. 2018;13:e0209325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0209325.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3610_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2022.04.006","volume":"55","author":"N Katay\u0131f\u00e7\u0131","year":"2022","unstructured":"Katay\u0131f\u00e7\u0131 N, Bo\u015fnak G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc M, \u015een F. A comparison of the effects of inspiratory muscle strength and endurance training on exercise capacity, respiratory muscle strength and endurance, and quality of life in pacemaker patients with heart failure: A randomized study. Heart Lung. 2022;55:49\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2022.04.006.","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"3610_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2011.05.001","volume":"105","author":"M Bosnak-Guclu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bosnak-Guclu M, Arikan H, Savci S, Inal-Ince D, Tulumen E, Aytemir K, et al. Effects of inspiratory muscle training in patients with heart failure. Respir Med. 2011;105:1671\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2011.05.001.","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"3610_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2023.05.011","volume":"62","author":"A Tanriverdi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tanriverdi A, Savci S, Ozcan Kahraman B, Odaman H, Ozpelit E, Senturk B, et al. Effects of high intensity interval-based inspiratory muscle training in patients with heart failure: A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Heart Lung. 2023;62:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2023.05.011.","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"issue":"17","key":"3610_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.12.045","volume":"51","author":"GR Chiappa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chiappa GR, Roseguini BT, Vieira PJ, Alves CN, Tavares A, Winkelmann ER, et al. Inspiratory muscle training improves blood flow to resting and exercising limbs in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51(17):1663\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.12.045.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"3610_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061710","volume":"9","author":"H Fernandez-Rubio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fernandez-Rubio H, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Rodr\u00edguez-Sanz D, Calvo-Lobo C, Vicente-Campos D, Chicharro JL. Inspiratory Muscle Training in Patients with Heart Failure. J Clin Med. 2020;9:1710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9061710.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"3610_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-019-05190-5","volume":"31","author":"NA Goto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goto NA, Weststrate ACG, Oosterlaan FM, Verhaar MC, Willems HC, Emmelot-Vonk MH, et al. The association between chronic kidney disease, falls, and fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int. 2020;31:13\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00198-019-05190-5.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"}],"container-title":["BMC Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12882-024-03610-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12882-024-03610-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12882-024-03610-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T16:49:36Z","timestamp":1732121376000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12882-024-03610-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3610"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12882-024-03610-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2369"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2369","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University (No.2021\/10). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"184"}}