{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:36:13Z","timestamp":1790094973514,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Nephrol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-024-03939-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T05:42:15Z","timestamp":1741239735000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Association of uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with the presence or absence of hypertensive kidney function: results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Siying","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"3939_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","volume":"150","author":"Levey A S","year":"2009","unstructured":"Levey A S, Stevens L A, Schmid C H, et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(9):604\u201312.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9888","key":"3939_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60687-X","volume":"382","author":"V JHA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jha V, Garcia-Garcia G, Iseki K, et al. Chronic kidney disease: global dimension and perspectives. Lancet. 2013;382(9888):260\u201372.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"3939_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-11-201306040-00007","volume":"158","author":"PE Stevens","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stevens PE. Evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease: synopsis of the kidney disease: improving global outcomes 2012 clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158(11):825\u201330.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9963","key":"3939_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61682-2","volume":"385","author":"regional Global","year":"2015","unstructured":"Global regional. National age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990\u20132013: a systematic analysis for the global burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015;385(9963):117\u201371.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3939_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kadatane S P, Satariano M, Massey M et al. The role of inflammation in CKD. Cells, 2023, 12(12).","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12121581"},{"issue":"6","key":"3939_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2017.52","volume":"13","author":"C ZOCCALI","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zoccali C, Vanholder R, Massy Z A, et al. The systemic nature of CKD. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2017;13(6):344\u201358.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"3939_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mihai S, Popescu I D Codricie et al. Inflammation-Related Mechanisms in Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction, Progression, and Outcome. J Immunol Res, 2018, 2018: 2180373.","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2180373"},{"key":"3939_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schaub J A, Venkatachalam M A, Weinberg JM. Proximal tubular oxidative metabolism in Acute kidney Injury and the transition to CKD. Kidney360, 2021, 2(2): 355\u201364.","DOI":"10.34067\/KID.0004772020"},{"issue":"4","key":"3939_CR9","first-page":"403","volume":"59","author":"G KURTKULAGI O, TEL B M A, KAHVECI","year":"2021","unstructured":"KurtkulagI O, Tel B M A, Kahveci G, et al. Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis is associated with elevated serum uric acid to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio. Rom J Intern Med. 2021;59(4):403\u20138.","journal-title":"Rom J Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3939_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2023.2214058","volume":"135","author":"G AKTAS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aktas G, Yilmaz S, Kantarci D B, et al. Is serum uric acid-to-HDL cholesterol ratio elevation associated with diabetic kidney injury?. Postgrad Med. 2023;135(5):519\u201323.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3939_CR11","first-page":"1","volume":"36","author":"H ZHAO","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao H, Qiu X, Li H Z, et al. Association between serum uric acid to HDL-Cholesterol ratio and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk among Chinese adults. Biomed Environ Sci. 2023;36(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Biomed Environ Sci"},{"key":"3939_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park B, Jung D H, Lee YJ. Predictive value of serum uric acid to HDL cholesterol ratio for Incident Ischemic Heart Disease in non-diabetic koreans. Biomedicines, 2022, 10(6).","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10061422"},{"issue":"12","key":"3939_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e066243","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-066243","volume":"12","author":"Y CHENG","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cheng Y, Zhang H, Zheng H, et al. Association between serum uric acid\/HDL-cholesterol ratio and chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study based on a health check-up population. BMJ Open. 2022;12(12):e066243.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"3939_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kocak M Z, Aktas G et al. Erkus E, Serum uric acid to HDL-cholesterol ratio is a strong predictor of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992), 2019, 65(1): 9\u201315.","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.65.1.9"},{"issue":"3","key":"3939_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2022.2039007","volume":"134","author":"G AKTAS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aktas G, Khalid A, Kurtkulagi O, et al. Poorly controlled hypertension is associated with elevated serum uric acid to HDL-cholesterol ratio: a cross-sectional cohort study. Postgrad Med. 2022;134(3):297\u2013302.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3939_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-023-00458-3","volume":"42","author":"X HAN","year":"2023","unstructured":"Han X, Tan X, Liu M, et al. Association between serum uric acid\/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and hypertension among reproductive-aged women. J Health Popul Nutr. 2023;42(1):123.","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"3939_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2020030384","volume":"32","author":"JT KELLY","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kelly J T, Su G, Zhang L, et al. Modifiable Lifestyle Factors for Primary Prevention of CKD: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2021;32(1):239\u201353.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"3939_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S403895","volume":"16","author":"H SUN","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun H, Su H, Zheng R, et al. Serum uric acid to high\u2013density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is Associated with visceral Fat in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2023;16:959\u201367.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"issue":"7","key":"3939_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2023.2263372","volume":"135","author":"X YU","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yu X, Sun F, Ming J, et al. Serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is a promising marker for identifying metabolic syndrome in nondiabetic Chinese men. Postgrad Med. 2023;135(7):741\u20139.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"3939_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li F, Zhao D, Li Q et al. Uric Acid to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio is a Novel Marker to Predict Functionally Significant Coronary Artery Stenosis. J Interv Cardiol, 2022, 2022: 9057832.","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9057832"},{"key":"3939_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269580","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1269580","volume":"14","author":"P LIU","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu P, Li J. Association between cumulative uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and the incidence and progression of chronic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14:1269580.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"3939_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751089","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.751089","volume":"8","author":"N DING","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ding N, Long Y, Li C, et al. Association of Uric Acid with blood pressure in Hypertension between Treatment Group and Non-treatment Group. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021;8:751089.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"3939_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895499","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.895499","volume":"10","author":"S CHEN","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen S. Relationship between lipid profiles and hypertension: a cross-sectional study of 62,957 Chinese adult males. Front Public Health. 2022;10:895499.","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"3939_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-018-0168-4","volume":"42","author":"C LEE S W, KIM H C, NAM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee S W, Kim H C, Nam C, et al. Age-differential association between serum uric acid and incident hypertension. Hypertens Res. 2019;42(3):428\u201337.","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"3939_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.4813","volume":"181","author":"P LIU","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu P, Quinn R R, Lam N N, et al. Accounting for age in the definition of chronic kidney disease. JAMA Intern Med. 2021;181(10):1359\u201366.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"3939_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26740","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26740","volume":"6","author":"YOU Y K","year":"2016","unstructured":"You Y K, Huang X R, Chen H Y, et al. C-Reactive protein promotes Diabetic kidney disease in db\/db mice via the CD32b-Smad3-mTOR signaling pathway. Sci Rep. 2016;6:26740.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"3939_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1159\/000528693","volume":"9","author":"J LI","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li J, Chen J, Lan H Y, et al. Role of C-Reactive protein in kidney diseases. Kidney Dis (Basel). 2023;9(2):73\u201381.","journal-title":"Kidney Dis (Basel)"},{"key":"3939_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2350-12-65","volume":"12","author":"HUNG A M","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hung A M, Ikizler T A, Griffin M R, et al. CRP polymorphisms and chronic kidney disease in the third national health and nutrition examination survey. BMC Med Genet. 2011;12:65.","journal-title":"BMC Med Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"3939_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79664-6","volume":"11","author":"R KANAI","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kanai R, Nakashima A, Doi S, et al. Interferon-\u03b3 enhances the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells on experimental renal fibrosis. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):850.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"3939_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.36660\/abc.20200098","volume":"116","author":"L ZHU","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhu L, Zhang X, Fang Z, et al. Association between serum uric acid and pre-hypertension and hypertension among Chinese adults. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021;116(6):1072\u20138.","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3939_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1161\/hy1101.092839","volume":"38","author":"M MAZZALI","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mazzali M, Hughes J, Kim Y G, et al. Elevated uric acid increases blood pressure in the rat by a novel crystal-independent mechanism. Hypertension. 2001;38(5):1101\u20136.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"3939_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2015.09.004","volume":"51","author":"L WANG","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang L, Shen C, Yang S, et al. Association study of NOS3 gene polymorphisms and hypertension in the Han Chinese population. Nitric Oxide. 2015;51:1\u20136.","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"issue":"6633","key":"3939_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1038\/42408","volume":"387","author":"K SIMONS","year":"1997","unstructured":"Simons K, Ikonen E. Functional rafts in cell membranes. Nature. 1997;387(6633):569\u201372.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"3939_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2021.158955","volume":"1866","author":"P PATANAPIRUNHAKIT","year":"2021","unstructured":"Patanapirunhakit P, Karlsson H, Mulder M, et al. Sphingolipids in HDL - potential markers for adaptation to pregnancy?. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2021;1866(8):158955.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids"},{"issue":"3","key":"3939_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(00)00221-7","volume":"73","author":"LI X P","year":"2000","unstructured":"Li X P, Zhao S P, Zhang X Y, et al. Protective effect of high density lipoprotein on endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. Int J Cardiol. 2000;73(3):231\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3939_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(90)90314-N","volume":"1044","author":"S PARTHASARATHY","year":"1990","unstructured":"Parthasarathy S, Barnett J. High-density lipoprotein inhibits the oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990;1044(2):275\u201383.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"3","key":"3939_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-200206000-00008","volume":"13","author":"PJ BARTER","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barter PJ, Baker P W, Rye K A. Effect of high-density lipoproteins on the expression of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2002;13(3):285\u20138.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"}],"container-title":["BMC Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12882-024-03939-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12882-024-03939-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12882-024-03939-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T05:42:22Z","timestamp":1741239742000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12882-024-03939-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3939"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12882-024-03939-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2369"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2369","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All methods were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This work was fully compliant with Ethical Standards and approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Peking University (IRB 00001052\u201311015). Written informed consent for each participant was obtained prior to sample collection.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"We thank all participants in the CHARLES study team.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Recognize"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"123"}}