{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T03:24:20Z","timestamp":1793157860861,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Nephrol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-026-04757-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T09:33:41Z","timestamp":1770197621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of crush syndrome severity on clinical outcomes after the earthquakes in southeastern T\u00fcrkiye"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kenan","family":"Turgutalp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savas","family":"Ozturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neriman Sila","family":"Koc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murside Esra","family":"Dolarslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismail","family":"Kocyigit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didem","family":"Turgut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuncay","family":"Sahutoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilek","family":"Torun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ozlem","family":"Usalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orcun","family":"Altunoren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramazan","family":"Danis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gursel","family":"Yildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Gurel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Horoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Kucuksu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suleyman","family":"Karakose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Riza","family":"Altiparmak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Deniz","family":"Ayli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Tugcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zehra","family":"Eren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tolga","family":"Yildirim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma Betul","family":"Guzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nedim Yilmaz","family":"Selcuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Akcali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dede","family":"Sit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saliha","family":"Yildirim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selma","family":"Alagoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sibel","family":"Bek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irem","family":"Pembegul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahsin","family":"Karaaslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Funda","family":"Sari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ay\u00e7a","family":"Inci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Numan","family":"Gorgulu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmut","family":"Gok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeki","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kubra","family":"Bahat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yavuz","family":"Ayar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serap","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeynep Ebru","family":"Eser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat Hayri","family":"Sipahioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahar Gurlek","family":"Demirci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meliha","family":"Ozkutlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Engin","family":"Onan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet Alper","family":"Kiykim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayse Serra","family":"Artan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emrah Erkan","family":"Mazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nergiz","family":"Bayrakci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murathan","family":"Uyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kubra","family":"Kaynar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayhan","family":"Dogukan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sena","family":"Ulu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serhan","family":"Tuglular","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"4757_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1181553","volume":"11","author":"R Vanholder","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vanholder R, Sever MS, Erek E, Lameire N. Rhabdomyolysis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;11(8):1553\u201361.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4757_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.5152\/turkjnephrol.2024.23639","volume":"33","author":"K Turgutalp","year":"2024","unstructured":"Turgutalp K, K\u0131yk\u0131m AA, Oto \u00d6A, Demir S, \u00c7obano\u011flu D, O\u011fuz \u0130, et al. Analysis of crush syndrome patients with and without acute kidney injury during the 2023 Kahramanmara\u015f earthquake: experience of a tertiary referral center from T\u00fcrkiye. Turk J Nephrol. 2024;33(2):161\u201372.","journal-title":"Turk J Nephrol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4757_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra054329","volume":"354","author":"MS Sever","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sever MS, Vanholder R, Lameire N. Management of crush-related injuries after disasters. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(10):1052\u201363.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4757_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(98)00089-1","volume":"186","author":"MS Slater","year":"1998","unstructured":"Slater MS, Mullins RJ. Rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuric renal failure in trauma and surgical patients: a review. J Am Coll Surg. 1998;186(6):693\u2013716.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4757_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/17.1.33","volume":"17","author":"E Erek","year":"2002","unstructured":"Erek E, Sever MS, Serdenge\u00e7ti K, Vanholder R, Ako\u011flu E, Yavuz M, et al. An overview of morbidity and mortality in patients with acute renal failure due to crush syndrome: the Marmara earthquake experience. Nephrol Dial Transpl. 2002;17(1):33\u201340.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"key":"4757_CR6","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"N Lameire","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lameire N, Kellum J, Aspelin P. Kidney disease: improving global outcomes (KDIGO) acute kidney injury work group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2:1\u2013138.","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"issue":"4","key":"4757_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-1237(10)80007-3","volume":"66","author":"S Rajagopalan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rajagopalan S. Crush injuries and the crush syndrome. Med J Armed Forces India. 2010;66(4):317\u201320.","journal-title":"Med J Armed Forces India"},{"issue":"8","key":"4757_CR8","first-page":"1553","volume":"44","author":"JL Nates","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nates JL, Nunnally M, Kleinpell R, Blosser S, Goldner J, Birriel B, et al. ICU admission, Discharge, and triage guidelines: a framework to enhance clinical operations. Devel Of Institutional Policies, and Furth Res. Crit Care Med. 2016;44(8):1553\u2013602.","journal-title":"Devel Of Institutional Policies, And Furth Res. Crit Care Med"},{"key":"4757_CR9","first-page":"S27","volume":"17s","author":"R Vanholder","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vanholder R, S\u00fckr\u00fc Sever M, Lameire N. Kidney problems in disaster situations. Nephrologie & therapeutique. 2021;17s:S27\u2013s36.","journal-title":"Nephrologie & therapeutique"},{"issue":"4","key":"4757_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2020.06.007","volume":"40","author":"N Lameire","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lameire N, Sever MS, Van Biesen W, Vanholder R. Role of the International and National renal organizations in natural disasters: strategies for renal rescue. Semin Nephrol. 2020;40(4):393\u2013407.","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4757_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2024.08.008","volume":"106","author":"S Ozturk","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ozturk S, Tuglular S, Olmaz R, Kocyigit I, Kibar MU, Turgutalp K, et al. Patients with crush syndrome and kidney disease: lessons learned from the earthquake in Kahramanmara\u015f, T\u00fcrkiye. Kidney Int. 2024;106(5):771\u201376.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"4757_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200211000-00007","volume":"30","author":"MS Sever","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sever MS, Erek E, Vanholder R, Ozener C, Yavuz M, Kayacan SM, et al. Lessons learned from the Marmara disaster: time period under the rubble. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(11):2443\u201349.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4757_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-024-00949-4","volume":"24","author":"K Aydin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aydin K, Ozel Yesilyurt A, Cetinkaya F, Gok MG, Dogan O, Ozcengiz D. Earthquake victims in focus: a cross-sectional examination of trauma and management in intensive care unit. BMC Emerg Med. 2024;24(1):30.","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"key":"4757_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Epstein D, Shavit I, Peretz L, Almog O, Romain M, King D, et al. Survival under the rubble after the 2023 earthquake in Turkey. Pediatrics. 2023;152(5).","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2023-062746"},{"issue":"9","key":"4757_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-024-02051-1","volume":"37","author":"I Ozturk","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ozturk I, Gungor O, Ozturk S, Olmaz R, Keskin AJG, Kocyigit I, et al. Epidemiological analysis of the vict\u0131ms w\u0131th crush syndrome in earthquakes of southeastern Turkey. J Nephrol. 2024;37(9):2589\u201399.","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"4757_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e74","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2024.54","volume":"18","author":"FZ A\u011fan","year":"2024","unstructured":"A\u011fan FZ, Cindo\u011flu \u00c7. Earthquake in Turkey: the Triangle of life and disaster kits saves lives. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2024;18:e74.","journal-title":"Disaster Med Public Health Prep"},{"issue":"10","key":"4757_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-023-00743-8","volume":"19","author":"MS Sever","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sever MS, Luyckx V, Tonelli M, Kazancioglu R, Rodgers D, Gallego D, et al. Disasters and kidney care: pitfalls and solutions. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2023;19(10):672\u201386.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4757_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1159\/000187206","volume":"63","author":"MS Oh","year":"1993","unstructured":"Oh MS. Does serum creatinine rise faster in rhabdomyolysis? Nephron. 1993;63(3):255\u201357.","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"issue":"3","key":"4757_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199703000-00015","volume":"42","author":"J Oda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Oda J, Tanaka H, Yoshioka T, Iwai A, Yamamura H, Ishikawa K, et al. Analysis of 372 patients with crush syndrome caused by the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake. J Trauma. 1997;42(3):470\u201375; discussion 5-6.","journal-title":"The J Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"4757_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP61413","volume":"61","author":"MS Sever","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sever MS, Erek E, Vanholder R, Koc M, Yavuz M, Aysuna N, et al. Lessons learned from the catastrophic Marmara earthquake: factors influencing the final outcome of renal victims. Clin Nephrol. 2004;61(6):413\u201321.","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4757_CR21","first-page":"e7","volume":"5","author":"S Safari","year":"2017","unstructured":"Safari S, Eshaghzade M, Najafi I, Baratloo A, Hashemi B, Forouzanfar MM, et al. Trends of serum electrolyte changes in crush syndrome patients of bam Earthquake; a cross sectional study. Emerg (Tehran). 2017;5(1):e7.","journal-title":"Emerg (Tehran)"},{"issue":"4","key":"4757_CR22","first-page":"181","volume":"16","author":"OS Better","year":"1990","unstructured":"Better OS, Abassi Z, Rubinstein I, Marom S, Winaver Y, Silberman M. The mechanism of muscle injury in the crush syndrome: ischemic versus pressure-stretch myopathy. Mineral Electrolyte Metab. 1990;16(4):181\u201384.","journal-title":"Mineral Electrolyte Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"4757_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/17.6.1025","volume":"17","author":"MS Sever","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sever MS, Erek E, Vanholder R, Ozener C, Yavuz M, Ergin H, et al. The Marmara earthquake: admission laboratory features of patients with nephrological problems. Nephrol Dial Transpl. 2002;17(6):1025\u201331.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"issue":"9","key":"4757_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2012-201563","volume":"30","author":"L Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang L, Fu P, Wang L, Cai G, Zhang L, Chen D, et al. Hyponatraemia in patients with crush syndrome during the Wenchuan earthquake. Emerg Med J. 2013;30(9):745\u201348.","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"issue":"7","key":"4757_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1988.00380070059015","volume":"148","author":"MM Ward","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ward MM. Factors predictive of acute renal failure in rhabdomyolysis. Arch Intern Med. 1988;148(7):1553\u201357.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"4757_CR26","unstructured":"Nehring SM, Goyal A, Patel BC. C Reactive Protein. StatPearls. Treasure island (FL) ineligible companies. Disclosure: amandeep Goyal declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. Disclosure: bhupendra Patel declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies. StatPearls PublishingCopyright \u00a9 2025, StatPearls Publishing LLC.; 2025."},{"issue":"11","key":"4757_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/17.11.1942","volume":"17","author":"MS Sever","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sever MS, Erek E, Vanholder R, Akoglu E, Yavuz M, Ergin H, et al. Clinical findings in the renal victims of a catastrophic disaster: the Marmara earthquake. Nephrol, Dialysis, Transplant: Off Publ of the Eur Dialysis and Transpl Assoc - Eur Renal Assoc. 2002;17(11):1942\u201349.","journal-title":"Nephrol, Dialysis, Transplant: Off Publ Of The Eur Dialysis And Transpl Assoc - Eur Renal Assoc"},{"issue":"10000","key":"4757_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00277-9","volume":"386","author":"von Keudell Ag","year":"2015","unstructured":"von Keudell Ag, Weaver MJ, Appleton PT, Bae DS, Dyer GSM, Heng M, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of acute extremity compartment syndrome. Lancet. 2015;386(10000):1299\u2013310.","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["BMC Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12882-026-04757-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12882-026-04757-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12882-026-04757-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T11:15:59Z","timestamp":1772795759000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12882-026-04757-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4757"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12882-026-04757-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2369"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2369","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The written informed consent was obtained from all subjects before they participated in the study. This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down by the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval of the study was obtained from the Istanbul University Ethics Committee dated 17.02.2023 with approval number 04.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"156"}}