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Fat embolism in the cerebral venous system have not been reported. We hereby present a rare case of fat embolus formed in the cerebral venous system 10\u2009days after cosmetic surgery, and describe our management of this patient.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 26-year-old woman with the disturbance of consciousness and recurrent convulsions of the right upper extremity over a 21-h period was admitted to our hospital. The patient was initially diagnosed with haemorrhagic infarction, and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) was suspected based on computed tomography (CT). A diagnosis of CFE was confirmed based on surgical findings. Breast and hip augmentation performed 10\u2009days ago was considered the underlying cause. Drug-induced hypothermia, low molecular weight heparin, atorvastatin, dexamethasone, piperacillin\/tazobactam, valproic acid, and mannitol were applied. On hospital day 30, she was discharged with a Montreal Cognitive Assessment score of 25.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Fat embolism can occur in the cerebral venous system, and may mimic CVT symptoms rather than CFE symptoms. Early identification of the nature of the embolus is essential. The use of heparin may prevent secondary thrombus formation, and accelerate fat embolus decomposition.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-021-02419-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T12:02:54Z","timestamp":1635249774000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Delayed onset of fat embolus in the cerebral venous system after breast and hip augmentation: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ding-yuan","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9403-2964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao-qi","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2419_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2006.00068.x","volume":"17","author":"P Eguia","year":"2007","unstructured":"Eguia P, Medina A, Garcia-Monco JC, Martin V, Monton FI. 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Ethics approval was therefore waived. Informed consent was obtained from the patient\u2019s father to publish her case.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The patient had mild disturbance of consciousness when arriving our hospital. She soon authorized her farther to be her agent before her admission. When the patient recovered consciousness from surgery, she was unable to write or pronounce necessary sentences that may serve as the informed consent. Once her speech improved, Montreal Cognitive Assessment was performed to evaluate her cognitive ability. The Result was 25, which is lower than 26, the threshold of the assessment, and therefore she was considered incapable of providing oral or written informed consent properly at that time. The written informed consent was then signed by her guardian, i.e., her farther. A copy of the written consent form is available for review by the editor of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"411"}}