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This study aimed to evaluate the expression of TRAF6 in the peripheral blood B cells of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients and analyze the relationships between TRAF6 expression and clinical characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In our study, the expression level of TRAF6 in peripheral blood B cells of 89 patients was measured by flow cytometry compared with that of healthy subjects. The effects of disease severity, MG classification and immunotherapy on TRAF6 expression level were also analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In our study, TRAF6 expression was elevated in CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> B cells and CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD27<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> memory B cells in generalized MG (GMG) patients compared with ocular MG (OMG) patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03, respectively). There was a significant positive correlation between the TRAF6 expression level and disease severity in both OMG patients and GMG patients (CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> B cells: OMG: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.89; GMG: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.59; CD29<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD27<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> B cells: OMG: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.80; GMG: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.38). TRAF6 expression was significantly elevated in CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> B cells and CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD27<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> memory B cells in GMG with acute aggravation compared with GMG in MMS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.028, respectively). In the eleven MG patients who were followed, TRAF6 expression in B cells and memory B cells was significantly decreased after treatment (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>TRAF6 is potentially a useful biomarker of inflammation in patients with MG, and might be used to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-022-02833-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T09:03:04Z","timestamp":1660726984000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Expression of TRAF6 in peripheral blood B cells of patients with myasthenia gravis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia-Wen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying-Hui","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ning-Nannan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-Sheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2833_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilhus NE, Tzartos S, Evoli A, Palace J, Burns TM, Verschuuren J. 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All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, informed consent was obtained from all subjects and\/or their legal guardian(s).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"302"}}