{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T08:21:26Z","timestamp":1782462086022,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Neurol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ectopic cervical thymoma (ECT) is an extremely rare tumor, especially in association with myasthenia gravis (MG).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We report a case of myasthenia gravis with an ectopic thymoma in the neck, whose myasthenic symptoms significantly improved after complete removal of the mass. A 55-year-old woman with generalized myasthenia gravis (MG) experienced worsening neuromuscular weakness after abruptly discontinuing pyridostigmine. Testing revealed acetylcholine receptor-antibody (AChR-Ab) positivity and a cervical mass initially thought to be thyroid or parathyroid was identified as a thymoma, type A. Post-surgery and radiation therapy, her myasthenic symptoms improved significantly with less prednisone and pyridostigmine requirements over time and no need for additional immunotherapies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Diagnosing ECTs is challenging due to rarity, atypical locations, and inconclusive fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) results, often misinterpreted as thyroid or parathyroid lesions. As proper management of patients with MG, including thymectomy, offers favorable clinical outcomes such as significant improvement in myasthenic complaints and reduced immunosuppressive medication requirements, clinicians should be vigilant of the ectopic locations of thymomas to ensure timely diagnosis and intervention.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-024-03656-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T08:02:35Z","timestamp":1716451355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ectopic cervical thymoma in myasthenia gravis: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Shima","family":"Zargar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Hosseini Farahabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel J.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"3656_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1007\/s12055-019-00879-y","volume":"36","author":"R Marouf","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marouf R, Alloubi I, Housni B. Ectopic cervical thymoma with myasthenia gravis: a rare association. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2020;36(2):154\u20138.","journal-title":"Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"3656_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park HO, Kim SH, Moon SH, Yang JH, Kang DH, Lee JH. Ectopic cervical thymoma: a case report and review. Korean Journal of thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery. Volume 50. Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery; 2017. pp. 312\u20135.","DOI":"10.5090\/kjtcs.2017.50.4.312"},{"issue":"2","key":"3656_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-012-0152-x","volume":"31","author":"J Tsukada","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tsukada J, Hasegawa I, Sato H, Kakefuda T, Sugiura H, Narimatsu Y. Ectopic cervical thymoma located in the carotid triangle. Jpn J Radiol. 2013;31(2):138\u201342.","journal-title":"Jpn J Radiol"},{"key":"3656_CR4","unstructured":"Wu X, Guo J, Zhou X, Li Y, Huang Y, Wu L. Ectopic thymoma: report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol [Internet]. 2019;12(12):4297\u2013302. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/31933830."},{"key":"3656_CR5","unstructured":"Jung JI, Kim H, Park H, Lee YS. Malignant ectopic thymoma in the Neck: a Case Report. 20, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1999."},{"issue":"2","key":"3656_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejenta.2013.12.003","volume":"15","author":"AA Jaiswal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jaiswal AA, Garg AK, Mohanty MR. Multiloculated cervical thymic cyst\u2019 \u2013 case report with review of literature. Egypt J Ear Nose Throat Allied Sci. 2014;15(2):129\u201333.","journal-title":"Egypt J Ear Nose Throat Allied Sci"},{"key":"3656_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sato S, Shirato T, Togashi K. A case of ectopic cervical thymoma with myasthenia gravis. The Journal of the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery [Internet]. 2010;24(1):091\u20135. http:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jacsurg\/24\/1\/24_1_091\/_article\/-char\/ja\/.","DOI":"10.2995\/jacsurg.24.091"},{"issue":"12","key":"3656_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2007.06.018","volume":"15","author":"H Choi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Choi H, Koh SH, Park MH, Kim SH. Myasthenia gravis associated with ectopic cervical thymoma. J Clin Neurosci. 2008;15(12):1393\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"3656_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu TH, Jin JS, Huang TW, Chang H, Lee SC. Ectopic cervical thymoma in a patient with Myasthenia gravis. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2011;6(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8090-6-89"},{"issue":"12","key":"3656_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-015-0582-3","volume":"64","author":"S Kumazawa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kumazawa S, Ishibashi H, Takahashi K, Okubo K. Transcervical excision of thymoma and video-assisted thoracoscopic extended thymectomy (VATET) for ectopic cervical thymoma with myasthenia gravis: report of a case. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2016;64(12):752\u20134.","journal-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"3656_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sekiguchi T, Yoshida K, Minamihara Y, Hayashi H, Oka T, Orimo S. Late-onset myasthenia gravis successfully treated with local resection of cervical ectopic thymoma. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience [Internet]. 2020;73:321\u20133. https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0967586819319721.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2019.12.055"},{"key":"3656_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamimura G, Ueda K, Takeda A, Miyata R, Aoki M, Nagata T et al. A case of ectopic cervical thymoma with myasthenia gravis mimicking a parathyroid tumour. Respirol Case Rep. 2022;10(11).","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.1052"},{"key":"3656_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Narayanaswami P, Sanders DB, Wolfe G, Benatar M, Cea G, Evoli A et al. International Consensus Guidance for Management of Myasthenia Gravis: 2020 Update. Vol. 96, Neurology. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2021. pp. 114\u201322.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011124"}],"container-title":["BMC Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12883-024-03656-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12883-024-03656-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12883-024-03656-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T08:05:10Z","timestamp":1716451510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12883-024-03656-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12883-024-03656-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 February 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient to participate in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all participating family members for publication of this Case report. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the editor of this journal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}],"article-number":"173"}}