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This study aims to synergize the process approach with brain structure analysis to explore both the discriminative capacity and potential mechanisms underlying the process approach.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>37 subjects of MCI, 35 subjects of AD and 38 subjects of healthy control (HC) were included. The process approach in Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), including discriminability (A\u2019), response bias (B\"<jats:sub>D<\/jats:sub>), semantic clustering (LBC<jats:sub>sem<\/jats:sub>) and serial clustering (LBC<jats:sub>ser<\/jats:sub>) was performed. The gray matter volume (GMV) was analyzed by voxel-based morphometry. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and partial correlations were conducted to explore the value of the process approach and investigate the relationship between the process approach, traditional indices of AVLT and GMV.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>ROC analysis showed the value of A\u2019, B\"<jats:sub>D<\/jats:sub> and LBC<jats:sub>ser<\/jats:sub> in differentiating MCI and AD. Combining AVLT-Immediately Recall (AVLT-IR) and LBC<jats:sub>ser<\/jats:sub> showed a higher value in diagnosing MCI. Partial correlations revealed that in the MCI group, A\u2019 and B\"<jats:sub>D<\/jats:sub> were mainly positively associated with GMV of the hippocampus and temporal lobe.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study indicated that the process approach is a promising cognitive biomarker to detect MCI and AD.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-024-03711-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T07:01:53Z","timestamp":1718262113000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Process approach as a cognitive biomarker related to gray matter volume in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Wenhao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengmeng","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenwen","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yating","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiabin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongwu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"3711_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Petersen RC. 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