{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T22:30:47Z","timestamp":1793313047510,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Neurol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-025-04280-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T08:42:29Z","timestamp":1751359349000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Evaluating ChatGPT and DeepSeek in postdural puncture headache management: a comparative study with international consensus guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengqi","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxue","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyue","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianliang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanbin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7947","key":"4280_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-023-00340-6","volume":"614","author":"C Stokel-Walker","year":"2023","unstructured":"Stokel-Walker C, Van Noorden R. What ChatGPT and generative AI mean for science. Nature. 2023;614(7947):214\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-023-00340-6.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"4280_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.40969","volume":"7","author":"E Goh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Goh E, Gallo R, Hom J, Strong E, Weng Y, Kerman H, Cool JA, Kanjee Z, Parsons AS, Ahuja N, Horvitz E, Yang D, Milstein A, Olson A, Rodman A, Chen JH. Large Language Model Influence on Diagnostic Reasoning: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10): e2440969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.40969.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"4280_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.79221","volume":"17","author":"A Temsah","year":"2025","unstructured":"Temsah A, Alhasan K, Altamimi I, Jamal A, Al-Eyadhy A, Malki KH, Temsah MH. DeepSeek in Healthcare: Revealing Opportunities and Steering Challenges of a New Open-Source Artificial Intelligence Frontier. Cureus. 2025;17(2): e79221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.79221.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"2","key":"4280_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2023.02.006","volume":"37","author":"A Schyns-van den Berg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schyns-van den Berg A, Gupta A. Postdural puncture headache: Revisited. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2023;37(2):171\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpa.2023.02.006.","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4280_CR5","first-page":"823","volume":"70","author":"KM Kuczkowski","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kuczkowski KM. Post-dural puncture headache in the obstetric patient: an old problem New solutions. Minerva Anestesiol. 2004;70(12):823\u201330.","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4280_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.25387","volume":"6","author":"V Uppal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Uppal V, Russell R, Sondekoppam R, Ansari J, Baber Z, Chen Y, DelPizzo K, D\u00eerzu DS, Kalagara H, Kissoon NR, Kranz PG, Leffert L, Lim G, Lobo CA, Lucas DN, Moka E, Rodriguez SE, Sehmbi H, Vallejo MC, Volk T, Narouze S. Consensus Practice Guidelines on Postdural Puncture Headache From a Multisociety, International Working Group: A Summary Report. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(8): e2325387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.25387.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"4280_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.18058","volume":"60","author":"M Giuffr\u00e8","year":"2024","unstructured":"Giuffr\u00e8 M, Kresevic S, You K, Dupont J, Huebner J, Grimshaw AA, Shung DL. Systematic review: The use of large language models as medical chatbots in digestive diseases. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2024;60(2):144\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.18058.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"4280_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2347052.526","volume":"21","author":"MR Mejia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mejia MR, Arroyave JS, Saturno M, Ndjonko L, Zaidat B, Rajjoub R, Ahmed W, Zapolsky I, Cho SK. Use of ChatGPT for Determining Clinical and Surgical Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation With Radiculopathy: A North American Spine Society Guideline Comparison. Neurospine. 2024;21(1):149\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14245\/ns.2347052.526.","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"4280_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.5c00275","author":"YQ Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen YQ, Yu T, Song ZQ, Wang CY, Luo JT, Xiao Y, Qiu H, Wang QQ, Jin HM. Application of Large Language Models in Drug-Induced Osteotoxicity Prediction. J Chem Inf Model. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jcim.5c00275.","journal-title":"J Chem Inf Model"},{"issue":"11","key":"4280_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2023.07.015","volume":"23","author":"AH Duey","year":"2023","unstructured":"Duey AH, Nietsch KS, Zaidat B, Ren R, Ndjonko L, Shrestha N, Rajjoub R, Ahmed W, Hoang T, Saturno MP, Tang JE, Gallate ZS, Kim JS, Cho SK. Thromboembolic prophylaxis in spine surgery: an analysis of ChatGPT recommendations. Spine J. 2023;23(11):1684\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2023.07.015.","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"7","key":"4280_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2023-104817","volume":"49","author":"V Uppal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Uppal V, Russell R, Sondekoppam RV, Ansari J, Baber Z, Chen Y, DelPizzo K, Dirzu DS, Kalagara H, Kissoon NR, Kranz PG, Leffert L, Lim G, Lobo C, Lucas DN, Moka E, Rodriguez SE, Sehmbi H, Vallejo MC, Volk T, Narouze S. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on postdural puncture headache: a consensus report from a multisociety international working group. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2024;49(7):471\u2013501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/rapm-2023-104817.","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4280_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2448248.124","volume":"21","author":"A Seas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Seas A, Abd-El-Barr MM. Commentary on \u201cUse of ChatGPT for Determining Clinical and Surgical Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation With Radiculopathy: A North American Spine Society Guideline Comparison.\u201d Neurospine. 2024;21(1):159\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14245\/ns.2448248.124.","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"key":"4280_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ponzo V, Rosato R, Scigliano MC, Onida M, Cossai S, De Vecchi M, Devecchi A, Goitre I, Favaro E, Merlo FD, Sergi D, Bo S (2024) Comparison of the Accuracy, Completeness, Reproducibility, and Consistency of Different AI Chatbots in Providing Nutritional Advice: An Exploratory Study. J Clin Med 13(24). \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13247810.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13247810"},{"issue":"1","key":"4280_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-02296-x","volume":"30","author":"S Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang S, Wang Y, Jiang L, Chang Y, Zhang S, Zhao K, Chen L, Gao C. Assessing the clinical support capabilities of ChatGPT 4o and ChatGPT 4o mini in managing lumbar disc herniation. Eur J Med Res. 2025;30(1):45. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-025-02296-x.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4280_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2017-000101","volume":"2","author":"F Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang F, Jiang Y, Zhi H, Dong Y, Li H, Ma S, Wang Y, Dong Q, Shen H, Wang Y. Artificial intelligence in healthcare: past, present and future. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2017;2(4):230\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/svn-2017-000101.","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Neurol"}],"container-title":["BMC Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12883-025-04280-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12883-025-04280-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12883-025-04280-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T08:42:29Z","timestamp":1751359349000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12883-025-04280-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4280"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12883-025-04280-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"264"}}