{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:47:51Z","timestamp":1785797271310,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":64,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Neurol"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-026-05030-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T02:42:43Z","timestamp":1780281763000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Associations between oral migraine preventive regimens and CGRP monoclonal antibody initiation: real-world evidence from a resource-limited setting"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Sekh","family":"Thanprasertsuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akarin","family":"Hiransuthikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirawit","family":"Roongrojwittayakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanakit","family":"Pongpitakmetha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanakorn","family":"Rattanawong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakit","family":"Anukoolwittaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"5030_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(24)00038-3","volume":"23","author":"GBD 2021 Nervous System Disorders Collaborators","year":"2024","unstructured":"GBD 2021 Nervous System Disorders Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Neurol. 2024;23:344\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(24)00038-3.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"5030_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-018-0846-2","volume":"19","author":"TJ Steiner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Steiner TJ, Stovner LJ, Vos T, Jensen R, Katsarava Z. Migraine is first cause of disability in under 50s: will health politicians now take notice? J Headache Pain. 2018;19:17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-018-0846-2.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"5030_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-025-01990-9","volume":"26","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Yi Y, Zhou H, Pang Q, Wang J. The burden of migraine and tension-type headache in Asia from 1990 to 2021. J Headache Pain. 2025;26:49. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-025-01990-9.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"5030_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333102424124565","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024241245658","volume":"44","author":"W Rattanawong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rattanawong W, Rapoport A, Srikiatkhachorn A. Medication underuse headache. Cephalalgia. 2024;44:3331024241245658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03331024241245658.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"5030_CR5","unstructured":"Thai Headache Society. Clinical Practice Guideline: Diagnosis and Management of Migraine. Bangkok: Thai Headache Society, Neurology Association of Thailand. 2023. Available from: https:\/\/neurothai.org\/media\/news_file\/495-CPG-migraine-2565-20230104074752.pdf. Accessed 5 Jan 2026."},{"key":"5030_CR6","first-page":"164","volume":"31","author":"JW Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu JW, Yang CP, Treatment Guideline Subcommittee of the Taiwan Headache Society. 2022 Taiwan Guidelines for Preventive Treatment of Migraine. Acta Neurol Taiwan. 2022;31:164\u2013202.","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Taiwan"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"5030_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.83100","volume":"14","author":"K Ravishankar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ravishankar K, Chakravarty A, Chowdhury D, Shukla R, Singh S. Guidelines on the diagnosis and the current management of headache and related disorders. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2011;14(Suppl 1):S40\u201359.","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"5030_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurop.2024.100182","volume":"5","author":"JM La\u00ednez","year":"2025","unstructured":"La\u00ednez JM, Pradilla O, Irimia P, Sobrino F, Volcy M, Kowacs P, Rodr\u00edguez Leyva I, Mart\u00edn F, Zavala L, Espinoza A. Ibero-American consensus statement on migraine treatment. Neurol Perspect. 2025;5:100182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurop.2024.100182.","journal-title":"Neurol Perspect"},{"key":"5030_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102416678382","volume":"37","author":"Z Hepp","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hepp Z, Dodick DW, Varon SF, Chia J, Matthew N, Gillard P, Hansen RN, Devine EB. Persistence and switching patterns of oral migraine prophylactic medications among patients with chronic migraine: A retrospective claims analysis. Cephalalgia. 2017;37:470\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102416678382.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"5030_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-025-02160-7","volume":"26","author":"S Roongrojwittayakul","year":"2025","unstructured":"Roongrojwittayakul S, Anukoolwittaya P, Hiransuthikul A, Pongpitakmetha T, Thanprasertsuk S, Rattanawong W. CGRP-targeted therapy fulfilling the treatment gap in medication-underuse setting: a retrospective cohort study at a tertiary headache center in Thailand, a lower-middle-income country. J Headache Pain. 2025;26:224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-025-02160-7.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"5030_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-021-01335-2","volume":"22","author":"F Vandervorst","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vandervorst F, Van Deun L, Van Dycke A, Paemeleire K, Reuter U, Schoenen J, Versijpt J. CGRP monoclonal antibodies in migraine: an efficacy and tolerability comparison with standard prophylactic drugs. J Headache Pain. 2021;22:128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-021-01335-2.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"5030_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333102424129768","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024241297688","volume":"44","author":"F Puledda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Puledda F, de Boer I, Messina R, Garcia-Azorin D, Portes Souza MN, Al-Karagholi MA, de Dhaem OB, Tassorelli C, May A. Worldwide availability of medications for migraine and tension-type headache: A survey of the International Headache Society. Cephalalgia. 2024;44:3331024241297688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03331024241297688.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"5030_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS). The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia. 2018;38:1-211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102417738202","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"5030_CR14","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Atlas of Headache Disorders and Resources in the World. WHO; 2011."},{"key":"5030_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13456","volume":"59","author":"American Headache Society","year":"2019","unstructured":"American Headache Society. The American Headache Society Position Statement On Integrating New Migraine Treatments Into Clinical Practice. Headache. 2019;59:10\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.13456.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"issue":"2 Suppl 2","key":"5030_CR16","first-page":"S1","volume":"39","author":"T Pringsheim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pringsheim T, Davenport W, Mackie G, Worthington I, Aub\u00e9 M, Christie SN, Gladstone J, Becker WJ, Canadian Headache Society Prophylactic Guidelines Development Group. Canadian Headache Society guideline for migraine prophylaxis. Can J Neurol Sci. 2012;39(2 Suppl 2):S1\u201359.","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"5030_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2008.11.007","author":"SD Silberstein","year":"2009","unstructured":"Silberstein SD. Preventive migraine treatment. Neurol Clin. 2009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ncl.2008.11.007. 27:429\u2009-43.","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"5030_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-020-01192-5","volume":"21","author":"C Tiseo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tiseo C, Vacca A, Felbush A, Filimonova T, Gai A, Glazyrina T, Hubalek IA, Marchenko Y, Overeem LH, Piroso S, Tkachev A, Martelletti P, Sacco S. European Headache Federation School of Advanced Studies (EHF-SAS). Migraine and sleep disorders: a systematic review. J Headache Pain. 2021;21:126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-020-01192-5.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"5030_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6725-x","volume":"260","author":"DC Buse","year":"2013","unstructured":"Buse DC, Silberstein SD, Manack AN, Papapetropoulos S, Lipton RB. Psychiatric comorbidities of episodic and chronic migraine. J Neurol. 2013;260:1960\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-012-6725-x.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"5030_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2009.01486.x","volume":"49","author":"KM Sauro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sauro KM, Becker WJ. The stress and migraine interaction. Headache. 2009;49:1378\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2009.01486.x.","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"5030_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200565070-00003","volume":"65","author":"S Wilson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wilson S, Argyropoulos S. Antidepressants and sleep: a qualitative review of the literature. Drugs. 2005;65:927\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00003495-200565070-00003.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"5030_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2009.106","volume":"5","author":"GP Chrousos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chrousos GP. Stress and disorders of the stress system. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009;5:374\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrendo.2009.106.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5030_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-025-01481-4","volume":"45","author":"V Roy","year":"2025","unstructured":"Roy V, Banu N, Meshram GG, Chowdhury D. Low-Dose Propranolol versus Amitriptyline for Episodic Migraine Prophylaxis: A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing Efficacy, Safety, and Cost-Effectiveness. Clin Drug Investig. 2025;45(10):781\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40261-025-01481-4.","journal-title":"Clin Drug Investig"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"5030_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1177\/03331024211047454","volume":"42","author":"D Chowdhury","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chowdhury D, Bansal L, Duggal A, Datta D, Mundra A, Krishnan A, Koul A, Gupta A. TOP-PRO study: A randomized double-blind controlled trial of topiramate versus propranolol for prevention of chronic migraine. Cephalalgia. 2022;42(4\u20135):396\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03331024211047454.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"5030_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-025-01952-1","volume":"26","author":"W Rattanawong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rattanawong W, Anukoolwittaya P, Hiransuthikul A, Pongpitakmetha T, Trisataya A, Thanprasertsuk S, Rapoport A. Medication underuse in real-life practice: the impact of galcanezumab towards achieving very low frequency episodic migraine in a southeast Asian middle-income nation. J Headache Pain. 2025;26:13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-025-01952-1.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"5030_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01859-3","volume":"25","author":"P Anukoolwittaya","year":"2024","unstructured":"Anukoolwittaya P, Hiransuthikul A, Pongpitakmetha T, Thanprasertsuk S, Rattanawong W. Filling the data gap on CGRP mAb therapy in low- to middle-income countries in Southeast Asia: insights from a real-world study in Thailand. J Headache Pain. 2024;25:150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-024-01859-3.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"5030_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-026-02295-1","volume":"27","author":"W Rattanawong","year":"2026","unstructured":"Rattanawong W, Hiransuthikul A, Anukoolwittaya P, Pongpitakmetha T, Thanprasertsuk S, Manohararaj N, Sulaiman WAW, Saranza G, Wee JL, Dayrit G, Madjid IS, Sudibyo DA, Budianto P, Wu JW, Phoumindr A, Sirilertmekasakul C, Tanprawate S, Tepper SJ. Diagnosis challenges and accessibility barriers to migraine management in Southeast Asia: results from the South-East Asia Local breAch on MigraiNe Treatment (SEALANT) study. J Headache Pain. 2026;27(1):47. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-026-02295-1.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"}],"container-title":["BMC Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12883-026-05030-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12883-026-05030-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12883-026-05030-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:43:03Z","timestamp":1785796983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12883-026-05030-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12883-026-05030-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand (Certificate of Approval No. 1156\/2024). The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. The approval of retrieving retrospective data was made and informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"S.T. reports speaker and advisory board honoraria from BL HUA, DKSH Thailand, Lundbeck, Pfizer Thailand, Viatris, and ZP Therapeutics. A.H. and S.R. report no significant conflict of interest related to this topic. T.P. reports receiving speaker honoraria from BL HUA, Lundbeck, Pfizer Thailand, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Servier, DKSH, and ZP Therapeutics, and advisory board Honoria from BL HUA and Pfizer Thailand. W.R. reports receiving speaker and advisory board honoraria from BL HUA, DKSH Thailand, Lundbeck, Pfizer Thailand, Viatris, and ZP Therapeutics. P.A. reports speaker and advisory board honoraria.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"495"}}