{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T13:10:59Z","timestamp":1769605859474,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is a tragic event and, despite efforts to reduce rates, its incidence remains difficult to reduce. The objective of the present study was to examine the etiological factors that contribute to the main causes and conditions associated with IUFD, over an 11-year period in a region of North-East Italy (Friuli Venezia Giulia) for which reliable data in available.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Retrospective analysis of all 278 IUFD cases occurred between 2005 and 2015 in pregnancies with gestational age\u2009\u2265\u200923\u2009weeks.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The incidence of IUFD was 2.8\u2030 live births. Of these, 30% were small for gestational age (SGA), with immigrant women being significantly over-represented. The share of SGA reached 35% in cases in which a maternal of fetal pathological condition was present, and dropped to 28% in the absence of associated pathology. In 78 pregnancies (28%) no pathology was recorded that could justify IUFD. Of all IUFDs, 11% occurred during labor, and 72% occurred at a gestational age above 30\u2009weeks.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The percentage of IUFD cases for which no possible cause can be identified is quite high. Only the adoption of evidence-based diagnostic protocols, with integrated immunologic, genetic and pathologic examinations, can help reduce this diagnostic gap, contributing to the prevention of future IUFDs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-03074-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T07:53:05Z","timestamp":1593589985000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Retrospective study 2005\u20132015 of all cases of fetal death occurred at \u226523 gestational weeks, in Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7774-548X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Monasta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Giangreco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Ancona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Barbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Bet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierino","family":"Boschian-Bailo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Cacciaguerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Cagnacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melania","family":"Canton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maddalena","family":"Casarotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manola","family":"Comar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Contardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"De Agostini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"De Seta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Del Ben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Di Loreto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenza","family":"Driul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Facchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Giornelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Ianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santo","family":"La Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ambrogio Pietro","family":"Londero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marciano","family":"Manf\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianpaolo","family":"Maso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffaela","family":"Mugittu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Olivuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Orsaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanna","family":"Pecile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Pinzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pirrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariachiara","family":"Quadrifoglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Ronfani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Salviato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Sandrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Smiroldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Sorz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Stampalija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianela","family":"Urriza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Vanin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Verardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Alberico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10018","key":"3074_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00836-3","volume":"387","author":"AEP Heazell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heazell AEP, Siassakos D, Blencowe H, et al. Stillbirths: economic and psychosocial consequences. Lancet. 2016;387(10018):604\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00836-3.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3074_CR2","volume-title":"State definitions and reporting requirements for livebirths, fetal deaths, and induced terminations of pregnancy (1997 revision)","author":"J Kowaleski","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kowaleski J. State definitions and reporting requirements for livebirths, fetal deaths, and induced terminations of pregnancy (1997 revision). National Center for Health Statistics: Hyattsville; 1997."},{"key":"3074_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health: Stillbirths. Geneva: WHO. https:\/\/www.who.int\/maternal_child_adolescent\/epidemiology\/stillbirth\/en\/. Accessed 29 June 2020."},{"key":"3074_CR4","volume-title":"Green-top guideline 55 - late intrauterine fetal death and stillbirth","author":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists","year":"2010","unstructured":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Green-top guideline 55 - late intrauterine fetal death and stillbirth. London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists; 2010."},{"key":"3074_CR5","unstructured":"National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Stillbirth: What is Stillbirth? Atlanta: CDC. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/stillbirth\/facts.html. Accessed 29 June 2020."},{"issue":"8","key":"3074_CR6","first-page":"1","volume":"64","author":"MF MacDorman","year":"2015","unstructured":"MacDorman MF, Gregory EC. Fetal and perinatal mortality: United States, 2013. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2015;64(8):1\u201324.","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"3074_CR7","unstructured":"PSANZ Stillbirth and Neonatal Death Alliance \u2013 PSANZ-SANDA: \" https:\/\/sanda.psanz.com.au\/."},{"key":"3074_CR8","unstructured":"LEGGE 22 maggio 1978, n. 194: Norme per la tutela sociale della maternit\u00e0 e sull'interruzione volontaria della gravidanza. Gazzetta Ufficiale, Serie Generale n.140 del 22-05-1978. http:\/\/www.gazzettaufficiale.it\/eli\/gu\/1978\/05\/22\/140\/sg\/pdf Accessed 13 May 2020."},{"key":"3074_CR9","first-page":"703","volume":"16","author":"A Barbati","year":"2007","unstructured":"Barbati A, Fratini D, Cacace MG, Liotta L, Di Renzo GC. Indagine sulle morti fetali endouterine: incidenza e cause riscontrate nel periodo 1994-2006. Riv Ital Ostet Ginecol. 2007;16:703.","journal-title":"Riv Ital Ostet Ginecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3074_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2010.496880","volume":"24","author":"F Facchinetti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Facchinetti F, Alberico S, Benedetto C, et al. A multicenter, case-control study on risk factors for antepartum stillbirth. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2011;24(3):407\u201310.","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3074_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0155761","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155761","volume":"11","author":"F Monari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Monari F, Pedrielli G, Vergani P, et al. Adverse perinatal outcome in subsequent pregnancy after stillbirth by placental vascular disorders. PLoS One. 2016 May 26;11(5):e0155761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0155761.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"3074_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e98","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(15)00275-2","volume":"4","author":"H Blencowe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Blencowe H, Cousens S, Jassir FB, et al. National, regional, and worldwide estimates of stillbirth rates in 2015, with trends from 2000: a systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2016;4(2):e98\u2013e108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(15)00275-2.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"3074_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1040-7","volume":"16","author":"SH Leisher","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leisher SH, Teoh Z, Reinebrant A, et al. Classification systems for causes of stillbirth and neonatal death: an assessment of alignment with characteristics for an effective global system. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16:269.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"3074_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1071-0","volume":"16","author":"SH Leisher","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leisher SH, Teoh Z, Reinebrant H, et al. Seeking order a midst chaos: a systematic review of classification systems for causes of stillbirth and neonatal death, 2009\u20132014. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16(1):295.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"12","key":"3074_CR15","first-page":"1237","volume":"108","author":"WC Graafmans","year":"2001","unstructured":"Graafmans WC, Richardus JH, Macfarlane A, et al. Comparability of published perinatal mortality rates in Western Europe: the quantitative impact of differences in gestational age and birthweight criteria. BJOG. 2001;108(12):1237\u201345.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"5","key":"3074_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.5.850","volume":"84","author":"EM Howell","year":"1994","unstructured":"Howell EM, Blondel B. International infant mortality rates: bias from reporting differences. Am J Public Health. 1994;84(5):850\u20132.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"7525","key":"3074_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38629.587639.7C","volume":"331","author":"J Gardosi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gardosi J, Kady SM, McGeown P, Francis A, Tonks A. Classification of stillbirth by relevant condition at death (ReCoDe): population based cohort study. BMJ. 2005;331(7525):1113\u20137.","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"issue":"4","key":"3074_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.00881.x","volume":"113","author":"FJ Korteweg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Korteweg FJ, Gordijn SJ, Timmer A, et al. The tulip classification of perinatal mortality: introduction and multidisciplinary inter-rater agreement. BJOG. 2006;113(4):393\u2013401.","journal-title":"BJOG."},{"issue":"3","key":"3074_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.06.098","volume":"199","author":"P Vergani","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vergani P, Cozzolino S, Pozzi E, et al. Identifying the causes of stillbirth: a comparison of four classification systems. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;199(3):319.e1\u20134.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3074_CR20","unstructured":"National Guideline Alliance (UK). NICE Guideline, No. 121 \u2013 Intrapartum care for women with existing medical conditions or obstetric complications and their babies. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK), 2019."},{"key":"3074_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.16021","volume":"48","author":"J Man","year":"2016","unstructured":"Man J, Hutchinson JC, Ashworth M, Heazell AE, Jeffrey I, Sebire NJ. Stillbirth and intrauterine fetal death: contemporary demographic features of >1000 cases from an urban population. Ultras Obstet Gynecol. 2016;48:591\u20135.","journal-title":"Ultras Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3074_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31819e9ee2","volume":"113","author":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 102","year":"2009","unstructured":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 102. Management of stillbirth. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;113:748\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31819e9ee2.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3074_CR23","volume-title":"Perinatal deaths in Australia: 2013-2014","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare","year":"2018","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Perinatal deaths in Australia: 2013-2014. Canberra: Australian institute of health and welfare; 2018. https:\/\/www.aihwgov.au\/reports\/mothers-babies\/perinatal-deaths-in-australia-2013-2014\/contents\/table-of-contents Accessed 13 May 2020."},{"key":"3074_CR24","volume-title":"Each baby counts: 2015 full report","author":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists","year":"2017","unstructured":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Each baby counts: 2015 full report. London: RCOG; 2017."},{"issue":"3","key":"3074_CR25","first-page":"353","volume":"51","author":"E Bertino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bertino E, Spada E, Occhi L, Coscia A, Giuliani F, Gagliardi L, Gilli G, Bona G, Fabris C, De Curtis M, Milani S. Neonatal anthropometric charts: the Italian neonatal study compared with other European studies. JPGN. 2010;51(3):353\u201361.","journal-title":"JPGN"},{"key":"3074_CR26","unstructured":"Ronfani L, Giglio L, Zanier L, Clagnan E, Montico M. Rapporto Cedap, 2011-2013: Nascere in Friuli Venezia Giulia. Direzione centrale salute, integrazione socio sanitaria, politiche sociali e famiglia, Regione Autonoma Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, 2015."},{"issue":"1","key":"3074_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4117","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22546-9","volume":"8","author":"R Haruyama","year":"2018","unstructured":"Haruyama R, Gilmour S, Ota E, et al. Causes and risk factors for singleton stillbirth in Japan: analysis of a nationwide perinatal database, 2013-2014. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):4117.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"3074_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30471-9","volume":"11","author":"M Herschel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Herschel M, Hsieh HL, Mittendorf R, Khoshnood B, Covert RF, Lee KS. Fetal death in a population of black women. Am J Prev Med. 1995;11(3):185\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3074_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.06.057","volume":"201","author":"M Willinger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Willinger M, Ko CW, Reddy UM. Racial disparities in Stillbirth Risk across gestation in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;201(5):469.e1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.06.057.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3074_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.06.039","volume":"207","author":"RA Pilliod","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pilliod RA, Cheng YW, Snowden JM, Doss AE, Caughey AB. The risk of intrauterine fetal death in the small-for-gestational-age fetus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012;207(4):318.e1\u20136.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3074_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mecacci F, Serena C, Avagliano L, et al. Stillbirths at term: case control study of risk factors, growth status and placental histology PLoS One 2016;11:e0166514.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166514"},{"issue":"2","key":"3074_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.02.003","volume":"37","author":"ATN Tita","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tita ATN, Andrews WW. Diagnosis and Management of Clinical Chorioamnionitis. Clin Perinatolo. 2010;37(2):339\u201354.","journal-title":"Clin Perinatolo"},{"key":"3074_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2147\/RRN.S128751","volume":"7","author":"GM Gal\u00e1n Henr\u00edquez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gal\u00e1n Henr\u00edquez GM, Garc\u00eda-Mu\u00f1oz RF. Chorioamnionitis and neonatal morbidity: current perspectives. Res Rep Neonatol. 2017;7:41\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/RRN.S128751.","journal-title":"Res Rep Neonatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3074_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.11.041","volume":"196","author":"RM Silver","year":"2007","unstructured":"Silver RM, Varner MW, Reddy U, et al. Work-up of stillbirth: a review of the evidence. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;196(5):433\u201344.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3074_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bakshi L, Hoque S, Tanjin F, Dey S, Bakshi M. Epidemiology of intrauterine fetal death in Dhaka National Medical College Hospital. Bangladesh Med J 2016; 45(3): 131\u2013133. doi: 0.3329\/bmj.v45i3.33123.","DOI":"10.3329\/bmj.v45i3.33123"}],"container-title":["BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-020-03074-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12884-020-03074-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-020-03074-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:34:43Z","timestamp":1625099683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12884-020-03074-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3074"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-020-03074-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 November 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The research protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Department of Medicine of the University of Udine (Prot. N. 038\/2019_IRB). This approval, and no other further permission, allowed the authors to access the data used in the present research.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"384"}}