{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:06:19Z","timestamp":1790798779553,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study aimed at determining the predictive value of human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone levels on pregnancy outcomes in patients receiving\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      fertilization due to fallopian tube associated infertility.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 854 cycles due to fallopian tube associated infertility\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      fertilization fresh embryo transfer. The clinical data had been collected from January 2010 to December 2018 and was divided into 7 groups depending on the progesterone level on human chorionic gonadotropin administration day. Live birth rates and observation trends were calculated. The receiver operating characteristic curve was established to determine the optimal cutoff value for progesterone, which was used to further divide the data into 3 groups; Group 1 (progesterone\u2009\u2266\u20091.0\u00a0ng\/ml), Group 2 (1.0\u00a0ng\/ml\u2009\u2264\u2009progesterone\u2009\u2264\u20091.25\u00a0ng\/ml), and Group 3 (progesterone\u2009\u2265\u20091.25\u00a0ng\/ml). We then compared the ovulation results and clinical outcomes among the 3 groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were no significant differences in age, infertility years, gonadotropin dosage, gonadotropin days, Luteinizing hormone level on human chorionic gonadotropin day, 2 pronuclear fertilization rates, clinical pregnancy rates, live birth rates, full-term birth rate, and preterm birth rates among the three groups. However body mass index (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001), basal luteinizing hormone (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.034), estrogen peak (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), number of oocytes obtained (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) were significantly different.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Progesterone level on human chorionic gonadotropin day does not affect the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rates after\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      fertilization. However, progesterone levels between 1.0 and 1.25\u00a0ng\/ml may lead to good clinical pregnancy outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-03495-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T15:05:26Z","timestamp":1609945526000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Progesterone levels predict pregnancy outcomes in individuals with fallopian tube associated infertility"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Wenjia","family":"Bo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haicui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"3495_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dozortsev D, Pellicer A, Diamond MP. Progesterone is a physiological trigger of ovulatory gonadotropins, Fertility and sterility (2020).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.12.024"},{"issue":"1","key":"3495_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2018.05.005","volume":"48","author":"J Lepage","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lepage J, Keromnes G, Epelboin S, Luton D, Yazbeck C. Premature progesterone rise on day of hCG negatively correlated with live birth rate in IVF cycles: An analysis of 1022 cycles. Journal of gynecology obstetrics human reproduction. 2019;48(1):51\u20134.","journal-title":"Journal of gynecology obstetrics human reproduction"},{"issue":"8","key":"3495_CR3","first-page":"1698","volume":"29","author":"S Santos-Ribeiro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Santos-Ribeiro S, Polyzos NP, Haentjens P, Smitz J, Camus M, Tournaye H, Blockeel C. Live birth rates after IVF are reduced by both low and high progesterone levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin administration, Human reproduction (Oxford. England). 2014;29(8):1698\u2013705.","journal-title":"England)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3495_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0145895","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145895","volume":"11","author":"B Huang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huang B, Ren X, Wu L, Zhu L, Xu B, Li Y, Ai J, Jin L. Elevated Progesterone Levels on the Day of Oocyte Maturation May Affect Top Quality Embryo IVF Cycles. PloS one. 2016;11(1):e0145895.","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"3495_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nagaraja N, Talwar P, Mukherjee B, Chakrabarty BK. Correlation between Serum Progesterone Level on the Day of Ovulation Trigger During Fertilization and Its Effect on Treatment Outcome, Journal of human reproductive sciences 12;(2) 136\u2013140.","DOI":"10.4103\/jhrs.JHRS_115_18"},{"issue":"1","key":"3495_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12256","volume":"139","author":"Y Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen Y, Ma L, Wang S. The impact of an increased progesterone-to-follicle number ratio on live delivery rates in women with normal ovarian reserve. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2017;139(1):84\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"1","key":"3495_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58033-9","volume":"65","author":"A Borini","year":"1996","unstructured":"Borini A, Bianchi L, Violini F, Maccolini A, Cattoli M, Flamigni C. Oocyte donation program: pregnancy and implantation rates in women of different ages sharing oocytes from single donor. Fertility sterility. 1996;65(1):94\u20137.","journal-title":"Fertility sterility"},{"issue":"6","key":"3495_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58677-4","volume":"66","author":"JS Younis","year":"1996","unstructured":"Younis JS, Simon A, Laufer N. Endometrial preparation: lessons from oocyte donation. Fertility sterility. 1996;66(6):873\u201384.","journal-title":"Fertility sterility"},{"issue":"26","key":"3495_CR9","first-page":"3671","volume":"24","author":"L Deng Weifen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Deng Weifen L, Guoqun. Effect of serum progesterone levels on in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer during controlled superovulation on HCG. 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Fertility sterility. 2011;95(5):1639\u201344.","journal-title":"Fertility sterility"},{"key":"3495_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venetis CA, Kolibianakis EM, Bosdou JK, Tarlatzis BC. Progesterone elevation and probability of pregnancy after IVF: a systematic review and meta-analysis of over 60 000 cycles, Human reproduction update 19(5) 433\u201357.","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmt014"},{"issue":"4","key":"3495_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2010.05.018","volume":"21","author":"R Fleming","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fleming R, Jenkins J. The source and implications of progesterone rise during the follicular phase of assisted reproduction cycles. Reprod Biomed Online. 2010;21(4):446\u20139.","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"3495_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sangisapu S, Karunakaran S. 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Fertility sterility. 2009;91(3):949\u201352.","journal-title":"Fertility sterility"},{"issue":"4","key":"3495_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-010-9393-8","volume":"27","author":"AM Elnashar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Elnashar AM. Progesterone rise on the day of HCG administration (premature luteinization) in IVF: an overdue update. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2010;27(4):149\u201355.","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"issue":"8","key":"3495_CR17","first-page":"2092","volume":"25","author":"E Bosch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bosch E, Labarta E, Crespo J, Sim\u00f3n C, Remoh\u00ed J, Jenkins J, Pellicer A. Circulating progesterone levels and ongoing pregnancy rates in controlled ovarian stimulation cycles for in vitro fertilization: analysis of over 4000 cycles, Human reproduction (Oxford. 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Because this is a retrospective study, patients were contacted by phone to given an oral consent. The ethics committee approved this procedure.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors do not have any possible conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"16"}}