{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:25:28Z","timestamp":1790727928168,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The meaningful engagement of male partners in antenatal care (ANC) can positively impact maternal and newborn health outcomes. The Tanzania National Plan for the Elimination of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV recommends male partners attend the first ANC appointment as a strategy for HIV prevention and treatment. This recommendation seeks to increase uptake of HIV and reproductive healthcare services, but unintended consequences of these guidelines may negatively impact women\u2019s ANC experiences. This study qualitatively examined the impact of policy promoting male engagement on women\u2019s ANC experiences.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study was conducted in two urban clinics in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. In-depth interviews were conducted with 19 participants (13 women and 6 male partners) attending a first ANC appointment. A semi-structured guide was developed, applying Kabeer\u2019s Social Relations Approach. Data were analyzed using applied thematic analysis, combining memo writing, coding, synthesis, and comparison of themes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Male attendance impacted the timing of women\u2019s presentation to ANC and experience during the first ANC visit. Women whose partners could not attend delayed their presentation to first ANC due to fears of being interrogated or denied care because of their partner absence. Women presenting with partners were given preferential treatment by clinic staff, and women without partners felt discriminated against. Women perceived that the clinic prioritized men\u2019s HIV testing over involvement in pregnancy care.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Study findings indicate the need to better assess and understand the unintended impact of policies promoting male partner attendance at ANC. Although male engagement can benefit the health outcomes of mothers and newborn children, our findings demonstrate the need for improved methods of engaging men in ANC. ANC clinics should identify ways to make clinic settings more male friendly, utilize male attendance as an opportunity to educate and engage men in pregnancy and newborn care. At the same time, clinic policies should be cognizant to not discriminate against women presenting without a partner.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-021-04141-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T16:03:20Z","timestamp":1635264200000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Male engagement guidelines in antenatal care: unintended consequences for pregnant women in Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Haika","family":"Osaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saumya S.","family":"Sao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godfrey A.","family":"Kisigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica N.","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rimel N.","family":"Mwamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Renju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blandina T.","family":"Mmbaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa H.","family":"Watt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"4141_CR1","volume-title":"WHO recommendations on health promotion interventions for maternal and newborn health","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO recommendations on health promotion interventions for maternal and newborn health; 2015. [cited 2020 Jun 22]. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK304983\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191620","volume":"13","author":"M Tokhi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tokhi M, Comrie-Thomson L, Davis J, Portela A, Chersich M, Luchters S. Involving men to improve maternal and newborn health: a systematic review of the effectiveness of interventions. PLoS One. 2018;13(1):e0191620.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-019-2439-8","volume":"19","author":"JA Greenspan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Greenspan JA, Chebet JJ, Mpembeni R, Mosha I, Mpunga M, Winch PJ, et al. Men\u2019s roles in care seeking for maternal and newborn health: a qualitative study applying the three delays model to male involvement in Morogoro region, Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019;19(1):293.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"3","key":"4141_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.15296\/ijwhr.2018.58","volume":"6","author":"F Soltani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Soltani F, Majidi M, Shobeiri F, Parsa P, Roshanaei G. Knowledge and attitude of men towards participation in their wives\u2019 perinatal care. Int J Women\u2019s Health Reprod Sci. 2017;6(3):356\u201362.","journal-title":"Int J Women\u2019s Health Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-0853-8","volume":"16","author":"E Vermeulen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vermeulen E, Solnes Miltenburg A, Barras J, Maselle N, van Elteren M, van Roosmalen J. Opportunities for male involvement during pregnancy in Magu district, rural Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16(1):66.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"9","key":"4141_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-015-1713-2","volume":"19","author":"C Aguiar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aguiar C, Jennings L. Impact of male partner antenatal accompaniment on perinatal health outcomes in developing countries: a systematic literature review. Matern Child Health J. 2015;19(9):2012\u20139.","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1058-x","volume":"16","author":"SA McMahon","year":"2016","unstructured":"McMahon SA, Chase RP, Winch PJ, Chebet JJ, Besana GVR, Mosha I, et al. Poverty, partner discord, and divergent accounts; a mixed methods account of births before arrival to health facilities in Morogoro region, Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16(1):284.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-019-0721-x","volume":"16","author":"NS Gibore","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gibore NS, Bali TAL, Kibusi SM. Factors influencing men\u2019s involvement in antenatal care services: a cross-sectional study in a low resource setting, Central Tanzania. Reprod Health. 2019;16(1):52.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"4141_CR9","unstructured":"World Health Organization, UNICEF, United Nations Fund for Population Activities, World Bank, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, et al. Trends in maternal mortality, 1990 to 2013: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, the World Bank estimates, and the United Nations Population Division [Internet]. 2014. [cited 2020 Jun 27]. Available from: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/112697\/1\/WHO_RHR_14.13_eng.pdf?ua=1"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-1763-8","volume":"18","author":"RR Jolivet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jolivet RR, Moran AC, O\u2019Connor M, Chou D, Bhardwaj N, Newby H, et al. Ending preventable maternal mortality: phase II of a multi-step process to develop a monitoring framework, 2016\u20132030. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18(1):258.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"4141_CR11","volume-title":"Maternal mortality in urban and rural Tanzania (policy brief 40424)","author":"J Shabani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shabani J, Todd G, Nswilla A, Mbaruku G. Maternal mortality in urban and rural Tanzania (policy brief 40424); 2018. Available from: https:\/\/ihi.or.tz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Maternal-Mortality_Policy-Brief_Shabani-et-al-2018.pdf"},{"key":"4141_CR12","unstructured":"The United Republic of Tanzania Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. Tanzania Elimination of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Plan 2012-2015. 2012. [cited 2017 Oct 13]. Available from: http:\/\/www.healthpromotiontanzania.org\/index.php\/en\/library122\/doc_view\/152-costed-emtct-plan-final-16-may-2.html"},{"key":"4141_CR13","first-page":"132","volume-title":"The National Road map Strategic Plan to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn, Child & Adolescent Health in Tanzania (2016\u20132020): one plan II","author":"Tanzania Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly, and Children","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tanzania Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly, and Children. The National Road map Strategic Plan to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn, Child & Adolescent Health in Tanzania (2016\u20132020): one plan II: Tanzania Ministry of Health; 2016. p. 132. Available from: https:\/\/www.globalfinancingfacility.org\/sites\/gff_new\/files\/Tanzania_One_Plan_II.pdf"},{"key":"4141_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aborigo RA, Reidpath DD, Oduro AR, Allotey P. Male involvement in maternal health: perspectives of opinion leaders. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18 [cited 2020 Jul 10]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5749010\/.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-017-1641-9"},{"issue":"6","key":"4141_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120701687059","volume":"20","author":"SE Msuya","year":"2008","unstructured":"Msuya SE, Mbizvo EM, Hussain A, Uriyo J, Sam NE, Stray-Pedersen B. Low male partner participation in antenatal HIV counselling and testing in northern Tanzania: implications for preventive programs. AIDS Care. 2008;20(6):700\u20139.","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"4141_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmwh.2010.02.009","volume":"55","author":"GN Nkuoh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nkuoh GN, Dj M, Pm T, Nkfusai J. Barriers to men\u2019s participation in antenatal and prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission care in Cameroon, Africa. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2010;55(4):363\u20139.","journal-title":"J Midwifery Womens Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"4141_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihz073","volume":"12","author":"D Suandi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Suandi D, Williams P, Bhattacharya S. Does involving male partners in antenatal care improve healthcare utilisation? Systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature from low- and middle-income countries. Int Health. 2020;12(5):484\u201398.","journal-title":"Int Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181fdb4c4","volume":"56","author":"A Aluisio","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aluisio A, Richardson BA, Bosire R, John-Stewart G, Mbori-Ngacha D, Farquhar C. Male antenatal attendance and HIV testing are associated with decreased infant HIV infection and increased HIV-free survival. JAIDS J Acquired Immune Deficien Syndr. 2011;56(1):76\u201382.","journal-title":"JAIDS J Acquired Immune Deficien Syndr"},{"key":"4141_CR19","first-page":"1","volume":"11","author":"A Dube","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dube A, Renju J, Wamoyi J, Hassan F, Seeley J, Chimukuche RS, et al. Consequences of male partner engagement policies on HIV care-seeking in three African countries: findings from the SHAPE UTT study. Global Public Health. 2020;11:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Global Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-2823-4","volume":"20","author":"SO Maluka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maluka SO, Joseph C, Fitzgerald S, Salim R, Kamuzora P. Why do pregnant women in Iringa region in Tanzania start antenatal care late? A qualitative analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020;20(1):126.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"12","key":"4141_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2015.09.010","volume":"31","author":"J P\u00e5fs","year":"2015","unstructured":"P\u00e5fs J, Musafili A, Binder-Finnema P, Klingberg-Allvin M, Rulisa S, Ess\u00e9n B. \u201cThey would never receive you without a husband\u201d: paradoxical barriers to antenatal care scale-up in Rwanda. Midwifery. 2015;31(12):1149\u201356.","journal-title":"Midwifery."},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449724","DOI":"10.1080\/16549716.2018.1449724","volume":"11","author":"AK Peneza","year":"2018","unstructured":"Peneza AK, Maluka SO. \u2018Unless you come with your partner you will be sent back home\u2019: strategies used to promote male involvement in antenatal care in southern Tanzania. Glob Health Action. 2018;11(1):1449724.","journal-title":"Glob Health Action"},{"key":"4141_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Watt MH, Minja L, Knettel BA, Mwamba RN, Osaki H, Ngocho JS, et al. Pilot outcomes of Maisha: an HIV stigma reduction intervention developed for antenatal Care in Tanzania. AIDS Behav. 2020. [cited 2020 Nov 13]; Available from. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10461-020-03093-9.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-03093-9"},{"key":"#cr-split#-4141_CR24.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watt MH, Knippler ET, Minja L, Kisigo G, Knettel BA, Ngocho JS, et al. A counseling intervention to address HIV stigma at entry into antenatal care in Tanzania (Maisha): study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2019;20","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-019-3933-z"},{"key":"#cr-split#-4141_CR24.2","unstructured":"(1) [cited 2020 Feb 25]. Available from: https:\/\/trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13063-019-3933-z."},{"key":"4141_CR25","volume-title":"Reversed realities: gender hierarchies in development thought","author":"N Kabeer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kabeer N. Reversed realities: gender hierarchies in development thought. London: Verso; 1994."},{"key":"4141_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3362\/9780855987602","volume-title":"A guide to gender-analysis frameworks [internet]","author":"C March","year":"1999","unstructured":"March C, Smyth I, Mukhopadhyay M. A guide to gender-analysis frameworks [internet]. Oxford: Oxfam Publishing; 1999. [cited 2020 Nov 20]. Available from: https:\/\/www.developmentbookshelf.com\/doi\/book\/10.3362\/9780855987602"},{"key":"4141_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483384436","volume-title":"Applied thematic analysis","author":"G Guest","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guest G, MacQueen KM, Namey EE. Applied thematic analysis. Thousand Oaks: SAGE; 2012."},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1177\/1744987107081254","volume":"13","author":"M Birks","year":"2008","unstructured":"Birks M, Chapman Y, Francis K. Memoing in qualitative research: probing data and processes. J Res Nurs. 2008;13(1):68\u201375.","journal-title":"J Res Nurs"},{"key":"4141_CR29","volume-title":"Qualitative data analysis","author":"NVivo","year":"2018","unstructured":"NVivo. Qualitative data analysis. Melbourne: QSR International Pty Ltd.; 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-019-2576-0","volume":"19","author":"S Mgata","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mgata S, Maluka SO. Factors for late initiation of antenatal care in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019;19(1):415.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"4141_CR31","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Focused antenatal Care in Tanzania: delivering individualised, targeted, high-quality care","author":"A Kearns","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kearns A. Focused antenatal Care in Tanzania: delivering individualised, targeted, high-quality care; 2014. p. 13."},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR32","first-page":"42","volume":"20","author":"DE Abame","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abame DE, Abera M, Tesfay A, Yohannes Y, Ermias D, Markos T, et al. Relationship between unintended pregnancy and antenatal care use during pregnancy in Hadiya zone, southern Ethiopia. J Reprod Infertil. 2019;20(1):42\u201351.","journal-title":"J Reprod Infertil"},{"key":"4141_CR33","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Tanzania (RCHS\/NMP), JHPIEGO. Malaria and syphilis during pregnancy.\u00a0In: Orientation package for service providers Dar Es Salaam.\u00a0Dar es Salaam:\u00a0Ministry of Health; 2004. p. 183."},{"key":"4141_CR34","volume-title":"Demographic patterns of HIV testing uptake in sub-Saharan Africa [internet]","author":"S Staveteig","year":"2013","unstructured":"Staveteig S, Wang S, Head SK, Bradley SEK, Nybro E. Demographic patterns of HIV testing uptake in sub-Saharan Africa [internet]. Calverton: ICF International; 2013. (DHS Comparative Reports No. 30). Available from: http:\/\/dhsprogram.com\/pubs\/pdf\/CR30\/CR30.pdf"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2652-14-43","volume":"14","author":"R Byamugisha","year":"2011","unstructured":"Byamugisha R, \u00c5str\u00f8m AN, Ndeezi G, Karamagi CA, Tyllesk\u00e4r T, Tumwine JK. Male partner antenatal attendance and HIV testing in eastern Uganda: a randomized facility-based intervention trial. JIAS. 2011;14(1):43.","journal-title":"JIAS."},{"issue":"7","key":"4141_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32835f1d8c","volume":"27","author":"J Orne-Gliemann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Orne-Gliemann J, Balestre E, Tchendjou P, Miric M, Darak S, Butsashvili M, et al. Increasing HIV testing among male partners. AIDS. 2013;27(7):1167\u201377.","journal-title":"AIDS."},{"issue":"8","key":"4141_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2014.913812","volume":"16","author":"AL DiCarlo","year":"2014","unstructured":"DiCarlo AL, Mantell JE, Remien RH, Zerbe A, Morris D, Pitt B, et al. \u2018Men usually say that HIV testing is for women\u2019: gender dynamics & perceptions of HIV testing in Lesotho. Cult Health Sex. 2014;16(8):867\u201382.","journal-title":"Cult Health Sex"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8603-7-13","volume":"7","author":"M Skovdal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Skovdal M, Campbell C, Madanhire C, Mupambireyi Z, Nyamukapa C, Gregson S. Masculinity as a barrier to men\u2019s use of HIV services in Zimbabwe. Glob Health. 2011;7(1):13.","journal-title":"Glob Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"4141_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152734","volume":"11","author":"S Theuring","year":"2016","unstructured":"Theuring S, Jefferys LF, Nchimbi P, Mbezi P, Sewangi J. Increasing partner attendance in antenatal care and HIV testing services: comparable outcomes using written versus verbal invitations in an Urban Facility-based controlled intervention trial in Mbeya, Tanzania. PLoS One. 2016;11(4):e0152734.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"4141_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002166","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002166","volume":"13","author":"SH Masters","year":"2016","unstructured":"Masters SH, Agot K, Obonyo B, Napierala Mavedzenge S, Maman S, Thirumurthy H. Promoting partner testing and couples testing through secondary distribution of HIV self-tests: a randomized clinical trial. Tsai AC, editor. PLoS Med. 2016;13(11):e1002166.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"4141_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000395","volume":"28","author":"B Hensen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hensen B, Taoka S, Lewis JJ, Weiss HA, Hargreaves J. Systematic review of strategies to increase men\u02bcs HIV-testing in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2014;28(14):2133\u201345.","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-9-32","volume":"9","author":"J Ditekemena","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ditekemena J, Koole O, Engmann C, Matendo R, Tshefu A, Ryder R, et al. Determinants of male involvement in maternal and child health services in sub-Saharan Africa: a review. Reprod Health. 2012;9(1):32.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-021-03585-z","volume":"21","author":"M Boniphace","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boniphace M, Matovelo D, Laisser R, Swai H, Yohani V, Tinka S, et al. Men perspectives on attending antenatal care visits with their pregnant partners in Misungwi district, rural Tanzania: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021;21(1):93.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"6","key":"4141_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2014-204784","volume":"69","author":"J Yargawa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yargawa J, Leonardi-Bee J. Male involvement and maternal health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2015;69(6):604\u201312.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1505-8","volume":"21","author":"SA McMahon","year":"2017","unstructured":"McMahon SA, Kennedy CE, Winch PJ, Kombe M, Killewo J, Kilewo C. Stigma, facility constraints, and personal disbelief: why women disengage from HIV care during and after pregnancy in Morogoro region, Tanzania. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(1):317\u201329.","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-268","volume":"14","author":"SA McMahon","year":"2014","unstructured":"McMahon SA, George AS, Chebet JJ, Mosha IH, Mpembeni RN, Winch PJ. Experiences of and responses to disrespectful maternity care and abuse during childbirth; a qualitative study with women and men in Morogoro region, Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014;14(1):268.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-020-05589-5","volume":"20","author":"MN Munakampe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Munakampe MN, Nkole T, Silumbwe A, Zulu JM, Cordero JP, Steyn PS. Feasibility testing of a community dialogue approach for promoting the uptake of family planning and contraceptive services in Zambia. BMC Health Serv Res. 2020;20(1):728.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-4490-6","volume":"19","author":"TL Crankshaw","year":"2019","unstructured":"Crankshaw TL, Kriel Y, Milford C, Cordero JP, Mosery N, Steyn PS, et al. \u201cAs we have gathered with a common problem, so we seek a solution\u201d: exploring the dynamics of a community dialogue process to encourage community participation in family planning\/contraceptive programmes. BMC Health Serv Res. 2019;19(1):710.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"4141_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S176267","volume":"11","author":"S Sharma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sharma S, Kc B, Khatri A. Factors influencing male participation in reproductive health: a qualitative study. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2018;11:601\u20138 Dove Press; [cited 2020 Sep 11]. Available from: https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/factors-influencing-male-participation-in-reproductive-health-a-qualit-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JMDH.","journal-title":"J Multidiscip Healthc"},{"issue":"1","key":"4141_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-8-36","volume":"8","author":"LI Kululanga","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kululanga LI, Sundby J, Malata A, Chirwa E. Striving to promote male involvement in maternal health care in rural and urban settings in Malawi - a qualitative study. Reprod Health. 2011;8(1):36.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"issue":"9748","key":"4141_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60809-4","volume":"376","author":"MA Wakefield","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wakefield MA, Loken B, Hornik RC. Use of mass media campaigns to change health behaviour. Lancet. 2010;376(9748):1261\u201371.","journal-title":"Lancet."}],"container-title":["BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-021-04141-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12884-021-04141-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-021-04141-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T16:12:12Z","timestamp":1635264732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12884-021-04141-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4141"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-021-04141-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 December 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 October 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study received ethical clearance from the National Institute for Medical research (NIMR) in Tanzania, the Kilimanjaro Christian Clinical Medical Center (KCMC) and the ethical review boards at Duke University and University of Utah. The study conformed to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. All study participants provided written informed consent before participating in in-depth interviews.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"720"}}