{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T16:43:07Z","timestamp":1770741787615,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]],"date-time":"2021-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771657"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771657"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The ideal protocols of endometrial preparation for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients are lacking and need further declaration. Our objective was to compare the clinical outcomes of frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) with and without pretreatment gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) in PCOS patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this retrospective cohort study, we used propensity score matching (PSM) to compare the live birth rate between patients who underwent FET with hormone replacement treatment (HRT) and patients with GnRHa pretreatment (GnRHa + HRT). Patients using GnRHa + HRT (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009514) were matched with 514 patients using HRT.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The live birth rate was higher in the GnRHa + HRT group compared with the HRT group with no significant difference (60.12% vs 56.03%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.073). The clinical pregnancy rate (75.29% vs 70.62%), miscarriage rate (14.20% vs 13.81%) and ectopic pregnancy rate (0.39% vs 0.19%) were similar between the two groups. The preterm birth rate in GnRHa + HRT was higher than HRT (20.23% vs 13.04%). No difference was found in live birth between GnRHa +HRT and HRT before adjusting for covariates (crude OR 1.22, 95%CI, 0.99\u20131.51, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.062) and after PSM (OR 1.47, 95%CI, 0.99\u20132.83, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.068). In addition, there is a marginally difference after adjusting for covariates (aOR 1.56, 95%CI, 1.001\u20132.41, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048), this finding with <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value close to 0.05 represent insufficient empirical evidence. Similar results were obtained after propensity score matching in the entire cohort.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>GnRHa pretreatment could not improve the live birth rate in women with PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-021-04293-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]],"date-time":"2021-12-18T21:02:37Z","timestamp":1639861357000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Pretreatment with a GnRH agonist and hormone replacement treatment protocol could not improve live birth rate for PCOS women undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xitong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juanzi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"4293_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-018-3009-5","volume":"19","author":"DA Cutler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cutler DA, Shaw AK, Pride SM, et al. A randomized controlled trial comparing lifestyle intervention to letrozole for ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a study protocol. Trials. 2018;19:632.","journal-title":"Trials."},{"key":"4293_CR2","first-page":"19","volume":"81","author":"Rotterdam ESHRE\/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rotterdam ESHRE\/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2004;81:19\u201325.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"4293_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1703768","volume":"378","author":"LN Vuong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vuong LN, Dang VQ, Ho TM, et al. IVF transfer of fresh or frozen embryos in women without polycystic ovaries. 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All participants provided written informed consent ahead of participation. Administrative permissions were required to access and use medical records from the corresponding author and were granted by the data protection officers of the hospital.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"None.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"835"}}