{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:18:01Z","timestamp":1792739881388,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Choosing whether to pursue a trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) or scheduled repeat cesarean delivery (SRCD) requires prenatal assessment of risks and benefits. Providers and patients play a central role in this process. However, the influence of provider-associated characteristics on delivery methods remains unclear. We hypothesized that different provider practice groups have different obstetric outcomes in patients with one prior cesarean delivery (CD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective cohort study of deliveries between April 29, 2015 \u2013 April 29, 2020. Subjects were divided into three cohorts: SRCD, successful VBAC, and unsuccessful VBAC (patients who chose TOLAC but had a CD). Disparities were reviewed between five different obstetric provider practice groups, determined from a breakdown of different providers delivering at the study site during the study period. Proportional differences were examined using Chi-squared tests and logistic regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1,439 deliveries were included in the study. There were significant proportional disparities between patients in the different groups. Specifically, patients from Group D were significantly more likely to undergo successful VBAC, while patients seeing a provider from Group A were more likely to deliver by SRCD. In our multivariate analysis of successful versus unsuccessful VBAC, patients from Group D had greater odds ratios of successful VBAC compared to Group A. Patients delivered by Group E had a significantly lower odds ratio of successful VBAC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests an association between provider practice groups and delivery outcomes among patients with one prior CD. These data contribute to a growing body of literature around patient choice in pregnancy and the interplay of patients and providers. These findings help to guide future investigations to improve outcomes among patients with a history of CD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-024-06458-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T07:02:03Z","timestamp":1712300523000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Examining provider practice-level disparities in delivery outcomes among patients with a history of Cesarean Delivery"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Lily","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola F","family":"Tavella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Wetzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lily","family":"Ardente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Molly","family":"Chadwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dexter","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikki","family":"Sabet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toni","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"6458_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1097\/aog.0b013e3182704880","volume":"120","author":"CY Spong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Spong CY, Berghella V, Wenstrom KD, Mercer BM, Saade GR. Preventing the first cesarean delivery: summary of a joint Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, and American College of Obstetricians and gynecologists Workshop. Obstet Gynecol. 2012;120(5):1181\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/aog.0b013e3182704880. PMID: 23090537; PMCID: PMC3548444.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6458_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31821e5f65","volume":"118","author":"EL Barber","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barber EL, Lundsberg LS, Belanger K, Pettker CM, Funai EF, Illuzzi JL. Indications contributing to the increasing cesarean delivery rate. Obstet Gynecol. 2011;118(1):29\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31821e5f65. PMID: 21646928; PMCID: PMC3751192.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6458_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ACOG Practice bulletin no. 115: Vaginal birth after previous cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;116(2 Pt 1):450\u2013463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181eeb251. PMID: 20664418.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181eeb251"},{"issue":"1","key":"6458_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.25083\/2559.5555\/5.1\/13.17","volume":"5","author":"OD B\u0103l\u0103l\u0103u","year":"2020","unstructured":"B\u0103l\u0103l\u0103u OD, Bacalba\u0219a N, Olaru OG, Ple\u0219 L, St\u0103nescu DA. Vaginal birth after cesarean section \u2013 literature review and modern guidelines. J Clin Invest Surg. 2020;5(1):13\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25083\/2559.5555\/5.1\/13.17.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest Surg"},{"key":"6458_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Qiu L, Zhu J, Lu X. The safety of trial of labor after cesarean section (TOLAC) versus elective repeat cesarean section (ERCS): a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2023;36(1):2214831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14767058.2023.2214831. PMID: 37217450.","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2023.2214831"},{"key":"6458_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hammad IA, Chauhan SP, Magann EF, Abuhamad AZ. Peripartum complications with cesarean delivery: a review of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network publications. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014;27(5):463\u2009\u2013\u200974. doi: 10.3109\/14767058.2013.818970. Epub 2013 Sep 11. PMID: 24007280.","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2013.818970"},{"key":"6458_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-126-7613","author":"ES Markovic","year":"2023","unstructured":"Markovic ES, Fox NS. Morbidity of repeat cesarean delivery after a trial of labor as compared with elective repeat cesarean delivery. Am J Perinatol. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-126-7613.","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6458_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15178","volume":"165","author":"U Amikam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Amikam U, Hochberg A, Segal R, Abramov S, Lavie A, Yogev Y, Hiersch L. Perinatal outcomes following uterine rupture during a trial of labor after cesarean: a 12-year single-center experience. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2023;165(1):237\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.15178.","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"14","key":"6458_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732320942484","volume":"30","author":"R Delafield","year":"2020","unstructured":"Delafield R, Elia J, Chang A, Kaneshiro B, Sentell T, Pirkle CM. Perspectives and experiences of obstetricians who provide Labor and Delivery Care for Micronesian women in Hawai\u2018i: what is driving Cesarean Delivery Rates? Qual Health Res. 2020;30(14):2291\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732320942484.","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"key":"6458_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2020.05.007","volume":"55","author":"A Sindiani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sindiani A, Rawashdeh H, Obeidat N, Zayed F, Alhowary AA. Factors that influenced pregnant women with one previous cesarean section regarding their mode of delivery. Ann Med Surg. 2020;55:124\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amsu.2020.05.007.","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"6458_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-2065-x","volume":"18","author":"A Wingert","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wingert A, Johnson C, Featherstone R, Sebastianski M, Hartling L, Douglas Wilson R. Adjunct clinical interventions that influence vaginal birth after cesarean rates: systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018;18(1):452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-018-2065-x. PMID: 30463530; PMCID: PMC6249876.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"6458_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thirukumar P, Henry A, Coates D. Women\u2019s experiences and involvement in decision-making in relation to planned cesarean birth: an interview study. J Perinat Edu. 2021;30(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1891\/j-pe-d-20-00034.","DOI":"10.1891\/j-pe-d-20-00034"},{"issue":"3","key":"6458_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12229","volume":"43","author":"HK White","year":"2016","unstructured":"White HK, le May A, Cluett ER. Evaluating a midwife-led model of Antenatal Care for women with a previous cesarean section: a retrospective, comparative cohort study. Birth. 2016;43(3):200\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/birt.12229. Epub 2016 Mar 18. PMID: 26991669.","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"6458_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang T, Liu C. Comparison between continuing midwifery care and standard maternity care in vaginal birth after cesarean. Pak J Med Sci 2016 May-Jun;32(3):711\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12669\/pjms.323.9546. PMID: 27375719; PMCID: PMC4928428.","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.323.9546"},{"issue":"4","key":"6458_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001032","volume":"126","author":"MG Rosenstein","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rosenstein MG, Nijagal M, Nakagawa S, Gregorich SE, Kuppermann M. The Association of Expanded Access to a collaborative midwifery and Laborist Model with Cesarean Delivery Rates. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;126(4):716\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001032. PMID: 26348175; PMCID: PMC4580519.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6458_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nijagal MA, Kuppermann M, Nakagawa S, Cheng Y. Two practice models in one labor and delivery unit: association with cesarean delivery rates. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;212(4):491.e1-8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.11.014. Epub 2014 Nov 13. Erratum in: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;213(3):400. PMID: 25446697; PMCID: PMC4387106.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.11.014"},{"key":"6458_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feldman DS, Bollman DL, Fridman M, Korst LM, El Haj Ibrahim S, Fink A, Gregory KD. Do laborists improve delivery outcomes for laboring women in California community hospitals? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;213(4):587.e1-587.e13. doi: 10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.05.051. Epub 2015 May 28. PMID: 26026921.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.05.051"},{"issue":"1","key":"6458_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.08.032","volume":"216","author":"LM Yee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yee LM, Liu LY, Grobman WA. Obstetrician call schedule and obstetric outcomes among women eligible for a trial of labor after cesarean. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017;216(1):75. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.08.032. Epub 2016 Aug 30. PMID: 27589899; PMCID: PMC5182154.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6458_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Johansson M, Alvan J, Hildingsson I. Conflicting attitudes between clinicians and women regarding maternal requested caesarean section: a qualitative evidence synthesis. BCM Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023;23(210). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-023-05471-2.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-05471-2"},{"issue":"13","key":"6458_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1326906","volume":"31","author":"M Pomeranz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pomeranz M, Arbib N, Haddif L, Reissner H, Romem Y, Biron T. In God we trust and other factors influencing trial of labor versus repeat cesarean section. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018;31(13):1777\u201381. Epub 2017 May 24. PMID: 28475396.","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"6458_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Flatt S, Velez MP. The cost of preterm birth and cesarean section as a result of infertility and its treatment: a review. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2023;86. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2022.102304.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2022.102304"},{"issue":"3","key":"6458_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.24863","volume":"60","author":"MT Perez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Perez MT, Bucholz E, Asimacopoulos E, Ferraro AM, Salem SM, Schauer J, Hollerman C, Sekhavat S, Tworetzky W, Powell AJ, Sleeper LA, Beroukhim RS. Impact of maternal social vulnerability and timing of prenatal care on outcome of prenatally detected congenital heart disease. Ultrasound Ob Gyn. 2022;60(3):346\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/uog.24863.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Ob Gyn"},{"key":"6458_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sandall J, Soltani H, Gates S, Shennan A, Devane D. Midwife-led continuity models versus other models of care for childbearing women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(9):CD004667. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD004667.pub4. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;4:CD004667. PMID: 26370160.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004667.pub4"},{"key":"6458_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Care for women desiring vaginal birth after cesarean: American College of Nurse-Midwives. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2011 Sep-Oct;56(5):517\u2009\u2013\u200925. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2011.00112.x. PMID: 23181655.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2011.00112.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"6458_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2020.07.003","volume":"34","author":"D Coates","year":"2021","unstructured":"Coates D, Donnolley N, Foureur M, Spear V, Henry A. Exploring unwarranted clinical variation: the attitudes of midwives and obstetric medical staff regarding induction of labour and planned caesarean section. Women Birth. 2021;34(4):351\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wombi.2020.07.003.","journal-title":"Women Birth"},{"key":"6458_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-015-0629-6","volume":"15","author":"I Lundgren","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lundgren I, van Limbeek E, Vehvilainen-Julkunen K, Nilsson C. Clinicians\u2019 views of factors of importance for improving the rate of VBAC (vaginal birth after caesarean section): a qualitative study from countries with high VBAC rates. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15:196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-015-0629-6. PMID: 26314295; PMCID: PMC4552403.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"2","key":"6458_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.13355","volume":"67","author":"K Page","year":"2022","unstructured":"Page K, Aryal S, Guidera M. Midwives and liability: results of the 2018 National midwives and Liability Survey. J Midwifery Women\u2019s Health. 2022;67(2):226\u201334.","journal-title":"J Midwifery Women\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"6458_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2012.04.025","volume":"36","author":"H Minkoff","year":"2012","unstructured":"Minkoff H. Fear of litigation and cesarean section rates. Semin Perinatol. Oct; 2012;36(5):390\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.semperi.2012.04.025.","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"6458_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perrotta C, Romero M, Sguassero Y, Straw C, Gialdini C, Righetti N, Betran AP, Ramos S. Caesarean birth in public maternities in Argentina: a formative research study on the views of obstetricians, midwives, and trainees. BMJ 2021; 12(1).","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-053419"}],"container-title":["BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-024-06458-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12884-024-06458-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-024-06458-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T07:05:59Z","timestamp":1712300759000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12884-024-06458-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6458"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-024-06458-3","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3874144\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 April 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board and the Program for the Protection of Human Subjects at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai on 17 June 2020 under the study ID number 20\u201300633. The Institutional Review Board at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai granted a waiver of informed consent and HIPAA to conduct this retrospective study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"243"}}