{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T23:15:21Z","timestamp":1782774921104,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Limited research exists on the challenges women diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) can face during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and if breastfeeding affects disease related factors.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Aims and objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study aimed to explore the proportion of women with JIA breastfeeding at six weeks, six months, and 12 months postpartum, as well as examining demographic and disease related factors and the use of medications, comparing the breastfeeding and the non-breastfeeding groups.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Data on women with JIA regarding pregnancy and breastfeeding were collected prospectively from the Norwegian nationwide quality register RevNatus in this observational study. The data included demographics, disease activity, self-reported health status, medication, obstetric and neonatal outcome, and were collected from clinical documentation and self-reported material during visits at the outpatient clinic between January 2016 and July 2023. In this study, we used data from the inclusion visit and from the follow-up at six weeks, six months and 12 months postpartum.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Amongst 304 births in 227 women, 86% of the patients were breastfeeding at six weeks, 70% at six months and 39% at 12 months postpartum. Breastfeeding women differed from non-breastfeeding women in several aspects. At six weeks postpartum, 79% of breastfeeding women had a higher education level compared to 49% of non-breastfeeding women (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Additionally, breastfeeding women experienced longer pregnancy duration (40 weeks versus 38 weeks, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value 0.004), had a lower prevalence of cesarean section (CS) (21% versus 45%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value 0.007) and premature birth (5% versus 22%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and gave birth to newborns with a mean higher birth weight (3512\u00a0g versus 3175\u00a0g, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value 0.011). In terms of health status, the breastfeeding women had lower Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores for pain (24 compared to 38\u00a0mm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value 0.002), fatigue (25 compared to 40\u00a0mm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value 0.030) and total (29 compared to 38\u00a0mm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value 0.023) six weeks postpartum. At all registrations, a larger proportion of non-breastfeeding women used conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) (at six weeks: 29% compared to 21%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value 0.021; at six months: 30% compared to 27%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value 0.002; at twelve months: 38% compared to 30%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In the present study, we observed a high proportion of women with JIA breastfeeding at six weeks and six months postpartum. Based on our findings, health professionals should encourage women with JIA to breastfeed when taking compatible medications.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-07570-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T10:39:05Z","timestamp":1744886345000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Breastfeeding in women with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results from a Norwegian quality register"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Tuva","family":"Birkeland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5se","family":"St\u00f8rdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carina G\u00f8testam","family":"Skorpen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hege Svean","family":"Koksvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Wallenius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"7570_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2015.08.002","volume":"64","author":"AO Hersh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hersh AO, Prahalad S. Immunogenetics of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A comprehensive review. J Autoimmun. 2015;64:113\u201324.","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"issue":"2","key":"7570_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000304","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2016-000304","volume":"2","author":"F Oliveira-Ramos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Oliveira-Ramos F, Eus\u00e9bio M, Martins M. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis in adulthood: fulfilment of classification criteria for adult rheumatic diseases, Long-Term outcomes and predictors of inactive disease, functional status and damage. RMD Open. 2016;2(2):e000304.","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"7570_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161410","volume":"45","author":"K Ursin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ursin K, Lydersen S, Skomsvoll JF, et al. Disease activity of juvenile idiopathic arthritis during and after pregnancy: A prospective multicenter study. J Rheumatol. 2018;45(2):257\u201365.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7570_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-0919-7","volume":"16","author":"M Wallenius","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wallenius M, Salvesen K\u00c5, Daltveit AK, et al. Reproductive trends in females with inflammatory joint disease. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16(1):123.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"4","key":"7570_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41191","volume":"72","author":"LR Sammaritano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sammaritano LR, Bermas BL, Chakravarty EE, et al. 2020 American college of rheumatology guideline for the management of reproductive health in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020;72(4):529\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.41191. Epub 2020 Feb 23. PMID: 32090480.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7570_CR6","first-page":"1693","volume":"62","author":"MD Russell","year":"2022","unstructured":"Russell MD, Dey M, Flint J, et al. BSR and BHPR guideline on prescribing drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding: Immunomodulatory anti-rheumatic drugs and corticosteroids. Rheumatology. 2022;62(4):1693\u20137.","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"7570_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2024-eular.2854","volume":"83","author":"F F\u00f6rger","year":"2024","unstructured":"F\u00f6rger F, Pluma Sanjurjo A, R\u00fcegg L, et al. AB1439 update of the EULAR points to consider for use of antirheymatic drugs in reproduction, pregnancy and lactation. Ann Rheum Dis. 2024;83(Suppl 1):2075\u20136.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"7570_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980010001771","volume":"13","author":"AP H\u00e4ggkvist","year":"2010","unstructured":"H\u00e4ggkvist AP, Brants\u00e6ter AL, Grjibovski AM, et al. Prevalence of breast-feeding in the Norwegian mother and child cohort study and health service-related correlates of cessation of full breast-feeding. Public Health Nutr. 2010;13(12):2076\u201386.","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"11","key":"7570_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210879","volume":"76","author":"K Remaeus","year":"2017","unstructured":"Remaeus K, Johansson K, Askling J, et al. Juvenile onset arthritis and pregnancy outcome: a population-based cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(11):1809\u201314.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"7570_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes428","volume":"52","author":"JS Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen JS, Ford JB, Roberts CL, et al. Pregnancy outcomes in women with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a population-based study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2013;52(6):1119\u201325.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"7570_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-020-0404-8","volume":"18","author":"SJ Zhang-Jian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang-Jian SJ, Yang HY, Chiu MJ, et al. Pregnancy outcomes and perinatal complications of Asian mothers with juvenile idiopathic arthritis\u2013 a case-control registry study. Pediatr Rheumatol. 2020;18:9.","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol"},{"key":"7570_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skorpen GC, Lydersen S, Salvesen K\u00c5 et al. A population-based study of caesarean section in women with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Rheumatol Adv Pract 2023;7(2).","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkad062"},{"issue":"1","key":"7570_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-019-2019-3","volume":"21","author":"Y Meissner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meissner Y, Strangfeld A, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, et al. European network of pregnancy registers in rheumatology (EuNeP)-an overview of procedures and data collection. Arthritis Res Ther. 2019;21(1):241.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"7570_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.084459","volume":"68","author":"G Wells","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wells G, Becker JC, Teng J, et al. Validation of the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) and European league against rheumatism response criteria based on C-reactive protein against disease progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68(6):954\u201360.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"7570_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim HY. Statistical notes for clinical researchers: Chi-squared test and Fisher\u2019s exact test. Restor Dentistry Endodontics 2017;42(2).","DOI":"10.5395\/rde.2017.42.2.152"},{"key":"7570_CR16","volume-title":"Amming Og spedbarns Kosthold: Landsomfattende Unders\u00f8kelse","author":"B Lande","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lande B, Helleve A. Amming Og spedbarns Kosthold: Landsomfattende Unders\u00f8kelse. Oslo: Helsedirektoratet; 2013."},{"issue":"3","key":"7570_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2015.0122","volume":"11","author":"NM Hackman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hackman NM, Alligood-Percoco N, Martin A, et al. Reduced breastfeeding rates in firstborn late preterm and early term infants. Breastfeed Medicine: Official J Acad Breastfeed Med. 2016;11(3):119\u201325.","journal-title":"Breastfeed Medicine: Official J Acad Breastfeed Med"},{"key":"7570_CR18","unstructured":"Skorpen C, Lydersen S, Salvensen K\u00c5 et al. Preterm birth, preeclampsia, gestational hypertension and offspring birth weight in women with active juvenile idiopathic arthritis and healty controls. Front Lupus 2024."},{"key":"7570_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onel KB, Horton DB, Lovell DJ et al. 2021 American college of rheumatology guideline for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: therapeutic approaches for oligoarthritis, temporomandibular joint arthritis, and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res 2022;74(4).","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42037"},{"key":"7570_CR20","unstructured":"The Norwegian Directorate of Health. National guideline for health promotion and preventive work in the child and youth health centres and school health service, 0\u201320 years. Helsenorge [Internet]. Oslo: The Norwegian Directorate of Health. 2019 [cited 2023 Oct 11]. Available from: https:\/\/www.helsenorge.no\/en\/help-services-in-the-municipalities\/infant-healthcare-programme-age-0-5-years\/6-weeks-checkup\/"}],"container-title":["BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-025-07570-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12884-025-07570-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-025-07570-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T10:39:10Z","timestamp":1744886350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12884-025-07570-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7570"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-025-07570-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was carried out in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration. The data was collected from RevNatus, a Norwegian nationwide consent-based quality register. All patients provided informed written consent before they were included in the RevNatus register. RevNatus has been approved by the Norwegian Data Protection Authority. This project was approved by The regional ethical committee (REK Midt), on the 16th of March 2023, with reference number 178044.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"459"}}