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Given the retrospective nature of the study and the use of fully anonymized data, informed consent was waived. This waiver was approved by the Institutional Review Board of China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, in accordance with national regulations (IRB No. CMUH113-REC1-085; Approval date: May 23, 2024). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"885"}}