{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T18:07:30Z","timestamp":1783102050848,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical research Project of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China","award":["2025280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025280"]}]},{"name":"Medical research Project of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China","award":["2025280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025280"]}]},{"name":"Medical research Project of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China","award":["2025280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025280"]}]},{"name":"Medical research Project of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China","award":["2025280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025280"]}]},{"name":"Medical research Project of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China","award":["2025280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025280"]}]},{"name":"Medical research Project of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China","award":["2025280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025280"]}]},{"name":"Medical research Project of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China","award":["2025280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025280"]}]},{"name":"Medical research Project of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China","award":["2025280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025280"]}]},{"name":"Medical research Project of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China","award":["2025280"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025280"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-08094-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T13:32:34Z","timestamp":1759757554000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effectiveness of a nurse-led theory-based program on breastfeeding outcomes in women after cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yirong","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinru","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"8094_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fro\u0144 A, Orczyk-Pawi\u0142owicz M. Breastfeeding beyond six months: evidence of child health benefits. Nutrients. 2024;16(22):3891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu16223891.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16223891"},{"issue":"10","key":"8094_CR2","first-page":"e46730","volume":"15","author":"A Modak","year":"2023","unstructured":"Modak A, Ronghe V, Gomase KP. The psychological benefits of breastfeeding: fostering maternal Well-Being and child development. Cureus. 2023;15(10):e46730.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"8094_CR3","unstructured":"Organization WH. Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices: definitions and measurement methods. 2021."},{"issue":"5","key":"8094_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2021.05.002","volume":"50","author":"MM Sherrod","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sherrod MM. Fifty years of the rise in Cesarean birth in the united States and opportunities for improvement. J Obstetric Gynecologic Neonatal Nurs. 2021;50(5):515\u201324.","journal-title":"J Obstetric Gynecologic Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"8094_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Betran AP, Ye J, Moller AB, Souza JP, Zhang J. Trends and projections of caesarean section rates: global and regional estimates. BMJ Glob Health. 2021;6(6):e005671. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-005671.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-005671"},{"issue":"7","key":"8094_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5509","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005509","volume":"96","author":"Y Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu Y, Wang X, Zou L, Ruan Y, Zhang W. An analysis of variations of indications and maternal-fetal prognosis for caesarean section in a tertiary hospital of beijing: a population-based retrospective cohort study. Medicine. 2017;96(7):e5509.","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"8094_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"04029","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.13.04029","volume":"13","author":"S Yin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yin S, Zhou Y, Yuan P, Wei Y, Chen L, Guo X, Li H, Lu J, Ge L, Shi H. Hospital variations in caesarean delivery rates: an analysis of National data in china, 2016\u20132020. J Global Health. 2023;13:04029.","journal-title":"J Global Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"8094_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.3390\/life13020300","volume":"13","author":"VV Lupu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lupu VV, Miron IC, Raileanu AA, Starcea IM, Lupu A, Tarca E, Mocanu A, Buga AML, Lupu V, Fotea S. Difficulties in adaptation of the mother and newborn via Cesarean section versus natural birth\u2014A narrative review. Life. 2023;13(2):300.","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"1","key":"8094_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s13006-021-00399-9","volume":"16","author":"T Getaneh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Getaneh T, Negesse A, Dessie G, Desta M, Temesgen H, Getu T, Gelaye K. Impact of Cesarean section on timely initiation of breastfeeding in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Breastfeed J. 2021;16(1):51.","journal-title":"Int Breastfeed J"},{"issue":"11","key":"8094_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-017-2369-x","volume":"21","author":"J Zhao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhao J, Zhao Y, Du M, Binns CW, Lee AH. Does caesarean section affect breastfeeding practices in china?? A systematic review and Meta-Analysis. Matern Child Health J. 2017;21(11):2008\u201324.","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"2","key":"8094_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2020.0312","volume":"16","author":"A Gyamfi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gyamfi A, O\u2019Neill B, Henderson WA, Lucas R. Black\/African American breastfeeding experience: cultural, sociological, and health dimensions through an equity lens. Breastfeed Med. 2021;16(2):103\u201311.","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8094_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s13006-022-00456-x","volume":"17","author":"F Naja","year":"2022","unstructured":"Naja F, Chatila A, Ayoub JJ, Abbas N, Mahmoud A, Abdulmalik MA, Nasreddine L. Prenatal breastfeeding knowledge, attitude and intention, and their associations with feeding practices during the first six months of life: a cohort study in Lebanon and Qatar. Int Breastfeed J. 2022;17(1):15.","journal-title":"Int Breastfeed J"},{"issue":"1","key":"8094_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18476-z","volume":"24","author":"J An","year":"2024","unstructured":"An J, Zhu X, Shi Z, An J. A serial mediating effect of perceived family support on psychological well-being. BMC Public Health. 2024;24(1):940.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"8094_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2024.101946","volume":"75","author":"S Coo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Coo S, Garc\u00eda MI, Prieto F. Quality of mother-infant interaction, breastfeeding, and perinatal mental health. Infant Behav Dev. 2024;75:101946.","journal-title":"Infant Behav Dev"},{"key":"8094_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2023.101871","volume":"72","author":"N de Waal","year":"2023","unstructured":"de Waal N, Boekhorst M, Nykl\u00ed\u010dek I, Pop VJM. Maternal-infant bonding and partner support during pregnancy and postpartum: associations with early child social-emotional development. Infant Behav Dev. 2023;72:101871.","journal-title":"Infant Behav Dev"},{"issue":"6","key":"8094_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-199811000-00006","volume":"47","author":"L Duckett","year":"1998","unstructured":"Duckett L, Henly S, Avery M, Potter S, Hills-Bonczyk S, Hulden R, Savik K. A theory of planned behavior-based structural model for breast-feeding. Nurs Res. 1998;47(6):325\u201336.","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"key":"8094_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2015.03.016","volume":"29","author":"J-L Guo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guo J-L, Wang T, Liao J, Huang C. Efficacy of the theory of planned behavior in predicting breastfeeding: Meta-analysis and structural equation modeling. Appl Nurs Res. 2016;29:37\u201342.","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"8094_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdl083","volume":"29","author":"M Giles","year":"2007","unstructured":"Giles M, Connor S, McClenahan C, Mallett J, Stewart-Knox B, Wright M. Measuring young people\u2019s attitudes to breastfeeding using the theory of planned behaviour. J Public Health. 2007;29(1):17\u201326.","journal-title":"J Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"8094_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1590\/0034-7167-2016-0523","volume":"70","author":"CC Primo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Primo CC, Brand\u00e3o MAG. Interactive theory of breastfeeding: creation and application of a middle-range theory. Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem. 2017;70(6):1191\u20138.","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem"},{"issue":"4","key":"8094_CR20","first-page":"419","volume":"7","author":"J Wen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wen J, Yu G, Kong Y, Liu F, Wei H. An exploration of the breastfeeding behaviors of women after Cesarean section: A qualitative study. Int J Nurs Sci. 2020;7(4):419\u201326.","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"8094_CR21","first-page":"152","volume":"8","author":"J Wen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wen J, Yu G, Kong Y, Wei H, Zhao S, Liu F. Effects of a theory of planned behavior-based intervention on breastfeeding behaviors after Cesarean section: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Sci. 2021;8(2):152\u201360.","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"8094_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2018.0150","volume":"14","author":"F Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang F, Cheng J, Yan S, Wu H, Bai T. Early feeding behaviors and breastfeeding outcomes after Cesarean section. Breastfeed Med. 2019;14(5):325\u201333.","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med"},{"issue":"28","key":"8094_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20815","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000020815","volume":"99","author":"L Hu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hu L, Ding T, Hu J, Luo B. Promoting breastfeeding in Chinese women undergoing Cesarean section based on the health belief model: A randomized controlled trial. Med (Baltim). 2020;99(28):e20815.","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"8094_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Beake S, Bick D, Narracott C, Chang YS. Interventions for women who have a caesarean birth to increase uptake and duration of breastfeeding: a systematic review. Matern Child Nutr. 2017;13(4):e12390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mcn.12390.","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12390"},{"key":"8094_CR25","unstructured":"Mora KA. Baby-friendly hospital initiative: becoming baby-friendly designated. 2024."},{"issue":"1","key":"8094_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2014.07.001","volume":"31","author":"J Ingram","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ingram J, Johnson D, Copeland M, Churchill C, Taylor H. The development of a new breast feeding assessment tool and the relationship with breast feeding self-efficacy. Midwifery. 2015;31(1):132\u20137.","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"issue":"1","key":"8094_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1177\/089033440201800104","volume":"18","author":"MJ Dick","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dick MJ, Evans ML, Arthurs JB, Barnes JK, Caldwell RS, Hutchins SS, Johnson LK. Predicting early breastfeeding attrition. J Hum Lactation. 2002;18(1):21\u20138.","journal-title":"J Hum Lactation"},{"issue":"3","key":"8094_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334417707957","volume":"33","author":"M Brockway","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brockway M, Benzies K, Hayden KA. Interventions to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy and resultant breastfeeding rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hum Lactation. 2017;33(3):486\u201399.","journal-title":"J Hum Lactation"},{"key":"8094_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-0876-1","volume":"16","author":"AJ Hobbs","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hobbs AJ, Mannion CA, McDonald SW, Brockway M, Tough SC. The impact of caesarean section on breastfeeding initiation, duration and difficulties in the first four months postpartum. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16:1\u20139.","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"4","key":"8094_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12079","volume":"11","author":"M Giles","year":"2015","unstructured":"Giles M, Millar S, Armour C, McClenahan C, Mallett J, Stewart-Knox B. Promoting positive attitudes to breastfeeding: the development and evaluation of a theory\u2010based intervention with school children involving a cluster randomised controlled trial. Matern Child Nutr. 2015;11(4):656\u201372.","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"8094_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0278378","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278378","volume":"17","author":"E Holden","year":"2022","unstructured":"Holden E, Buryn-Weitzel JC, Atim S, Biroch H, Donnellan E, Graham KE, Hoffman M, Jurua M, Knapper CV, Lahiff NJ. Maternal attitudes and behaviours differentially shape infant early life experience: A cross cultural study. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(12):e0278378.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"8094_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.5455\/msm.2018.30.240-245","volume":"30","author":"M Iliadou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Iliadou M, Lykeridou K, Prezerakos P, Swift EM, Tziaferi SG. Measuring the effectiveness of a midwife-led education programme in terms of breastfeeding knowledge and self-efficacy, attitudes towards breastfeeding, and perceived barriers of breastfeeding among pregnant women. Materia socio-medica. 2018;30(4):240.","journal-title":"Materia socio-medica"},{"key":"8094_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2023.105813","volume":"126","author":"A Sandhi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sandhi A, Nguyen CTT, Lin-Lewry M, Lee GT, Kuo S-Y. Effectiveness of breastfeeding educational interventions to improve breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and skills among nursing, midwifery, and medical students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurse Educ Today. 2023;126:105813.","journal-title":"Nurse Educ Today"},{"key":"8094_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ouyang Y-Q, Guo J, Zhou J, Zhouchen Y, Huang C, Huang Y, Wang R, Redding SR. Theoretical approaches in the development of interventions to promote breastfeeding: a scoping review. Midwifery. 2024;132:103988. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.midw.2024.103988.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2024.103988"},{"issue":"5","key":"8094_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2021.10.005","volume":"35","author":"MG Matriano","year":"2022","unstructured":"Matriano MG, Ivers R, Meedya S. Factors that influence women\u2019s decision on infant feeding: an integrative review. Women Birth. 2022;35(5):430\u20139.","journal-title":"Women Birth"},{"issue":"1","key":"8094_CR36","first-page":"31","volume":"14","author":"M Yazdanbakhsh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yazdanbakhsh M, Spiesser-Robelet L, de Andrade V, Gagnayre R. Teaching strategies and learning environments for breastfeeding promotion: a scoping review. \u00c9ducation Th\u00e9rapeutique Du Patient\/Therapeutic Patient Educ. 2022;14(1):31\u201364.","journal-title":"\u00c9ducation Th\u00e9rapeutique Du Patient\/Therapeutic Patient Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"8094_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13405","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13405","volume":"18","author":"T Bengough","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bengough T, Dawson S, Cheng HL, McFadden A, Gavine A, Rees R, Sacks E, Hannes K. Factors that influence women\u2019s engagement with breastfeeding support: A qualitative evidence synthesis. Matern Child Nutr. 2022;18(4):e13405.","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"8094_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334419850822","volume":"35","author":"YK Bai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bai YK, Lee S, Overgaard K. Critical review of theory use in breastfeeding interventions. J Hum Lactation. 2019;35(3):478\u2013500.","journal-title":"J Hum Lactation"},{"issue":"4","key":"8094_CR39","first-page":"1","volume":"49","author":"T Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang T, Wang Y, Deng J, Huang C. Attitude, social norms, and perceived behavioral control influence the academic integrity-related behavioral intentions of graduate students. Social Behav Personality: Int J. 2021;49(4):1\u201312.","journal-title":"Social Behav Personality: Int J"},{"issue":"1","key":"8094_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-025-02001-5","volume":"22","author":"L Wu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wu L, Li X, Ismail HN, Guo P, Yang J. Understanding the psychosocial dilemma in breastfeeding: a narrative review of extended theory of planned behavior and its intervention strategies. Reprod Health. 2025;22(1):46.","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"8094_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03260-y","volume":"22","author":"RE Cooper","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cooper RE, Saunders KRK, Greenburgh A, Shah P, Appleton R, Machin K, Jeynes T, Barnett P, Allan SM, Griffiths J, et al. The effectiveness, implementation, and experiences of peer support approaches for mental health: a systematic umbrella review. BMC Med. 2024;22(1):72.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"8094_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2019.0073","volume":"26","author":"L Ferraz dos Santos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ferraz dos Santos L, Borges RF, de Azambuja DA. Telehealth and breastfeeding: an integrative review. Telemedicine e-Health. 2020;26(7):837\u201346.","journal-title":"Telemedicine e-Health"},{"issue":"1827","key":"8094_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20200033","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2020.0033","volume":"376","author":"Y-S Chang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chang Y-S, Li KMC, Li KYC, Beake S, Lok KYW, Bick D. Relatively speaking? Partners\u2019 and family members\u2019 views and experiences of supporting breastfeeding: a systematic review of qualitative evidence. Philosophical Trans Royal Soc B. 2021;376(1827):20200033.","journal-title":"Philosophical Trans Royal Soc B"}],"container-title":["BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-025-08094-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12884-025-08094-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-025-08094-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T13:32:36Z","timestamp":1759757556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12884-025-08094-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-025-08094-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University (approval number: 2024[367]). All participants were aware that they could withdraw at any stage of this study without any adverse consequences.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1030"}}