{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:33:58Z","timestamp":1792467238167,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765411200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-08475-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T00:01:54Z","timestamp":1765411314000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Women\u2019s experiences of breastfeeding during pregnancy: a Turkish descriptive study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4509-6275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sema","family":"Bayraktar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeynep","family":"\u0130nce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nevin","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuray","family":"Eski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asuman","family":"\u00c7oban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"8475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010277","volume":"13","author":"E Sinkiewicz-Darol","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sinkiewicz-Darol E, Bernatowicz-\u0141ojko U, \u0141ubiech K, Adamczyk I, Twaruzek M, \u02d9 Baranowska B, Skowron K, et al. Tandem breastfeeding: a descriptive analysis of the nutritional value of milk when feeding a younger and older child. Nutrients. 2021;13:277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13010277.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"8475_CR2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Infant and young child feeding: model chapter for textbooks for medical students and allied health professionals. 2009. Geneva: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/44117\/9789241597494_eng.pdf Accessed 16 Nov 2024."},{"key":"8475_CR3","unstructured":"American Academy of Family Physicians. Family physicians supporting breastfeeding (position paper). Available at: https:\/\/www.aafp.org\/about\/policies\/all\/breastfeeding-position-paper.html. Accessed September 7,2005."},{"issue":"1","key":"8475_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2022057988","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-057988","volume":"150","author":"JY Meek","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meek JY, Noble L. Section on breastfeeding. Policy statement: breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics. 2022;150(1):e2022057988. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2022-057988.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"8475_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2013.0086","volume":"9","author":"A Ayrim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ayrim A, Gunduz S, Akcal B, Kafali H. Breastfeeding throughout pregnancy in Turkish women. Breastfeed Med. 2014;9(3):157\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/bfm.2013.0086.","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"8475_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334413514294","volume":"30","author":"I Cetin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cetin I, Assandro P, Massari M, Sagone A, Gennaretti R, Donzelli G, et al. Working group on Breastfeeding, Italian society of perinatal medicine and task force on Breastfeeding, ministry of Health, Italy. Breastfeeding during pregnancy: position paper of the Italian society of perinatal medicine and the task force on Breastfeeding, ministry of Health, Italy. J Hum Lact. 2014;30(1):20\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0890334413514294.","journal-title":"J Hum Lact"},{"key":"8475_CR7","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global Nutrition Monitoring Framework: Operational guidance for tracking progress in meeting targets for 2025. 2017. Geneva https:\/\/www.who.int\/nutrition\/publications\/operational-guidance-GNMF-indicators\/en. Access: 3.04.2024."},{"issue":"3","key":"8475_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.2399\/prn.15.0233012","volume":"23","author":"B Karamustafaoglu Balc\u0131","year":"2015","unstructured":"Karamustafaoglu Balc\u0131 B, G\u00f6yn\u00fcmer G. Pregnancy and puerperium during lactation. Perinat J. 2015;23(3):194\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2399\/prn.15.0233012.","journal-title":"Perinat J"},{"key":"8475_CR9","unstructured":"WHO, Breastfeeding. 2021. Available at: https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/breastfeeding#tab=tab_1. Accessed September 7, 2005."},{"issue":"3","key":"8475_CR10","first-page":"285","volume":"11","author":"MM Albadran","year":"2013","unstructured":"Albadran MM. Effect of breastfeeding during pregnancy on the occurrence of miscarriage and preterm labour. Iraqi J Med Sci. 2013;11(3):285\u201389.","journal-title":"Iraqi J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"8475_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12000","volume":"11","author":"RG Pareja","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pareja RG, Marquis GS, Penny ME, Dixon PM. A case-control study to examine the association between breastfeeding during late pregnancy and risk of a small-for-gestational-age birth in Lima, Peru. Matern Child Nutr. 2015;11(2):190\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mcn.12000.","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"8475_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.05.008","volume":"30","author":"G L\u00f3pez-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2017","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Fern\u00e1ndez G, Barrios M, Goberna-Tricas J, G\u00f3mez-Benito J. Breastfeeding during pregnancy: A systematic review. Women Birth. 2017;30(6):e292\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.05.008.","journal-title":"Women Birth"},{"issue":"3","key":"8475_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1363\/psrh.12120","volume":"51","author":"J Molitoris","year":"2019","unstructured":"Molitoris J. Breastfeeding during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2019;51(3):153\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1363\/psrh.12120.","journal-title":"Perspect Sex Reprod Health"},{"issue":"10017","key":"8475_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01024-7","volume":"387","author":"CG Victora","year":"2016","unstructured":"Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJ, Fran\u00e7a GV, Horton S, Krasevec J, et al. Lancet breastfeeding series Group. breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. Lancet. 2016;387(10017):475\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01024-7.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10017","key":"8475_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01044-2","volume":"387","author":"NC Rollins","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rollins NC, Bhandari N, Hajeebhoy N, Horton S, Lutter CK, Martines JC, et al. Lancet breastfeeding series Group. Why invest, and what it will take to improve breastfeeding practices? Lancet. 2016;387(10017):491\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01044-2.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"8475_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.26574\/maedica.2023.18.3.463","volume":"18","author":"V Stalimerou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Stalimerou V, Dagla M, Vivilaki V, Orovou E, Antoniou E, Iliadou M. Breastfeeding during pregnancy: A systematic review of the literature. Maedica (Bucur). 2023;18(3):463\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26574\/maedica.2023.18.3.463.","journal-title":"Maedica (Bucur)"},{"issue":"4","key":"8475_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.4.e56","volume":"109","author":"GS Marquis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Marquis GS, Penny ME, Diaz JM, Mar\u00edn RM. Postpartum consequences of an overlap of breastfeeding and pregnancy: reduced breast milk intake and growth during early infancy. Pediatrics. 2002;109(4):e56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.109.4.e56.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"8475_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.4314\/mmj.v34i1.10","volume":"34","author":"N \u00c7\u0131nar","year":"2022","unstructured":"\u00c7\u0131nar N, Suzan \u00d6K, Topal S, Pek\u015fen S. Mothers\u2019 breastfeeding attitudes when lactation overlaps with a new pregnancy. Malawi Med J. 2022;34(1):53\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4314\/mmj.v34i1.10.","journal-title":"Malawi Med J"},{"key":"8475_CR19","unstructured":"Cohen H. Statistical Power Analysis for Behavioral Sciences. 2nd Edition. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers; 1988."},{"issue":"4","key":"8475_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344211003827","volume":"37","author":"G Rosenberg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rosenberg G, Mangel L, Mandel D, Marom R, Lubetzky R. Tandem breastfeeding and human milk macronutrients: A prospective observational study. J Hum Lact. 2021;37(4):723\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08903344211003827.","journal-title":"J Hum Lact"},{"issue":"2","key":"8475_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1207-33","volume":"43","author":"\u00d6 \u015eeng\u00fcl","year":"2013","unstructured":"\u015eeng\u00fcl \u00d6, Sivasl\u0131o\u011flu AA, Kokanali MK, \u00dcst\u00fcner I, Av\u015far AF. The outcomes of the pregnancies of lactating women. Turk J Med Sci. 2013;43(2):251\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3906\/sag-1207-33.","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"8475_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1097\/JNR.0b013e31824777c1","volume":"20","author":"F Madarshahian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Madarshahian F, Hassanabadi M. A comparative study of breastfeeding during pregnancy: impact on maternal and newborn outcomes. J Nurs Res. 2012;20(1):74\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JNR.0b013e31824777c1.","journal-title":"J Nurs Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"8475_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.01.005","volume":"77","author":"OM Shaaban","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shaaban OM, Glasier AF. Pregnancy during breastfeeding in rural Egypt. Contraception. 2008;77(5):350\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.01.005.","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"issue":"2","key":"8475_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/52.2.280","volume":"52","author":"K Merchant","year":"1990","unstructured":"Merchant K, Martorell R, Haas J. Maternal and fetal responses to the stresses of lactation concurrent with pregnancy and of short recuperative intervals. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990;52(2):280\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/52.2.280.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"8475_CR25","first-page":"169","volume":"8","author":"HI Ibrahim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ibrahim HI, Ghattas VN, El-Shabory NEME. Effect of nipple and uterine stimulation on the progress of labor among primiparous women. IJNRHN. 2021;8(2):169\u201380.","journal-title":"IJNRHN"},{"issue":"5","key":"8475_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2021.1980515","volume":"42","author":"S Mousavi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mousavi S, Rouhollahi B, Zakariya NA, Bastani Alamdari P, Nikniaz L. Evaluating the effect of nipple stimulation during labour on labour progression in term pregnant women. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2022;42(5):994\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01443615.2021.1980515.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"8475_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD003392","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003392.pub2","volume":"3","author":"J Kavanagh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kavanagh J, Kelly AJ, Thomas J. Breast stimulation for cervical ripening and induction of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;3:CD003392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD003392.pub2.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"8475_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O\u2019Rourke MP, Spatz DL. Women\u2019s experiences with tandem breastfeeding. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2019 Jul\/Aug;44(4):220\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/NMC.0000000000000534","DOI":"10.1097\/NMC.0000000000000534"},{"issue":"1","key":"8475_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.26650\/IUITFD.1558194","volume":"88","author":"EG G\u00f6k\u00e7ay","year":"2025","unstructured":"G\u00f6k\u00e7ay EG, et al. Breast milk in all aspects. J Ist Fac Med. 2025;88(1):72\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26650\/IUITFD.1558194.","journal-title":"J Ist Fac Med"},{"key":"8475_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tucker Z, O\u2019Malley C. Mental health benefits of breastfeeding: a literature review. Cureus 2022 Sept; 14(9): e29199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.29199","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.29199"},{"issue":"3S","key":"8475_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.29080\/jhsp.v3i3S.273","volume":"3","author":"B Anitasari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anitasari B, Rachmawaty IN, Permatasari H. Breastfeeding practices during pregnancy from the perspective of women in Makassar City. J Health Sci Prev. 2019;3(3S):1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29080\/jhsp.v3i3S.273.","journal-title":"J Health Sci Prev"},{"issue":"17","key":"8475_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12171794","volume":"12","author":"A Wheeler","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wheeler A, Farrington S, Sweeting F, Brown A, Mayers A. Perceived pressures and mental health of breastfeeding mothers: A qualitative descriptive study. Healthcare. 2024;12(17):1794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare12171794.","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"issue":"1","key":"8475_CR33","first-page":"49","volume":"4","author":"SA Ismail","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ismail SA, Abd-Ellah M, Abd El-Khair AA, Tamman EA. Study of probable effects of a new pregnancy on some milk constituents in lactating women. Res J Med Med Sci. 2009;4(1):49\u201354.","journal-title":"Res J Med Med Sci"},{"key":"8475_CR34","unstructured":"The United Nations 17 Sustainable Development Goals. (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2020a). Reprinted with permission from the United Nations (https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wpcontent\/uploads\/2019\/01\/SDG_Guidelines_AUG_2019_Final.pdf)."},{"issue":"8","key":"8475_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2024.0203","volume":"19","author":"A Jack","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jack A, Mullin C, Brown E, Burtner M, Standish KR, Fields A, et al. Academy of breastfeeding medicine clinical protocol #19: breastfeeding promotion in the prenatal period (Revised 2024). Breastfeed Med. 2024;19(8):575\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/bfm.2024.0203.","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-025-08475-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12884-025-08475-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12884-025-08475-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T00:01:57Z","timestamp":1765411317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12884-025-08475-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12884-025-08475-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the ethics committee of Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Non-invasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee (decision no: 782160- date: 4.03.2022). Volunteer mothers who agreed to participate in the study were included. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. On the consent page, the mothers were informed about the purpose of the study. All personal information will be kept confidential. The Declaration of Human Rights was adhered to throughout the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1298"}}