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The primary endpoints were the incidence of grade 3\u20134 neutropenia. Secondary endpoints included the duration of grade 3\u20134 neutropenia, the incidence of grade 4 neutropenia, the incidence of febrile neutropenia (FN), delay rate of chemotherapy, prolonged time of chemotherapy, time to complete radiotherapy and safety.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The incidence of grade 3\u20134 neutropenia in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (10% vs. 77.78%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). However, there was no statistical significance between the two groups in the duration of grade 3\u20134 neutropenia (3.75\u2009days vs. 5.07\u2009days, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.871). The experimental group was better than the control group in the incidence of grade 4 neutropenia, the incidence of FN and delay rate of chemotherapy, and the difference was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Besides, the prolonged time of chemotherapy and the time to complete radiotherapy in the experimental group were less than those in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The incidence of adverse events in the experimental group and control group were 55.00 and 94.44%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>PEG-rhG-CSF preventive treatment used in the course of chemoradiotherapy for patients with cervical cancer can reduce the incidence of neutropenia and improve the incidence of delayed chemotherapy cycles.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>, <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04542356?term=NCT04542356&amp;draw=2&amp;rank=1\">NCT04542356<\/jats:ext-link>. Registered 9 September 2020 - Retrospectively registered.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-08364-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T13:09:59Z","timestamp":1622639399000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A clinical study of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) in preventing neutropenia during concurrent chemoradiotherapy of cervical cancer"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Dongling","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingfang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0441-584X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"8364_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdr015","volume":"22","author":"M Arbyn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arbyn M, Castellsagu\u00e9 X, de Sanjos\u00e9 S, Bruni L, Saraiya M, Bray F, et al. 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