{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T09:04:49Z","timestamp":1750755889763},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624838400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Carnitine is related to malaise, and cisplatin is associated with decreased carnitine. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of one course of induction chemotherapy (IC) for head and neck cancer on blood carnitine levels, focusing on free carnitine (FC).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This single-center prospective study investigated 20 patients diagnosed with primary head and neck cancer who underwent IC with cisplatin, docetaxel, and 5-fluorouracil. FC, acylcarnitine (AC), and total carnitine (TC) levels were measured before starting therapy and on Days 7 and 21 after starting IC. In addition, malaise was evaluated before and after therapy using a visual analog scale (VAS).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>All subjects were men and the most common primary cancer site was the hypopharynx (9 patients). FC levels before starting therapy and on Days 7 and 21 were 47.7\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2\u2009\u03bcM\/mL, 56.7\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2\u2009\u03bcM\/mL, and 41.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.9\u2009\u03bcM\/mL, respectively. Compared with the baseline before starting therapy, FC had significantly decreased on Day 21 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007). AC levels before starting therapy and on Days 7 and 21 were 12.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2\u2009\u03bcM\/mL, 13.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4\u2009\u03bcM\/mL, and 10.7\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7\u2009\u03bcM\/mL, respectively. TC levels before starting therapy and on Days 7 and 21 were 60.2\u2009\u00b1\u20092.5\u2009\u03bcM\/mL, 70.2\u2009\u00b1\u20093.3\u2009\u03bcM\/mL, and 51.7\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3\u2009\u03bcM\/mL, respectively. No significant differences in AC, TC or VAS were seen before the start of therapy and on Day 21.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>After IC, a latent decrease in FC occurred without any absolute deficiency or subjective malaise.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-08471-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T08:02:44Z","timestamp":1624867364000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Changes in carnitine levels through induction chemotherapy in head and neck cancer patients as a potential cause of therapy-related malaise"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Ito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoaki","family":"Tsukahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isaku","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"8471_CR1","unstructured":"Ida S, et al. 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This study was approved (approval no. 2016\u2013058) by the Research Ethics Committee of Tokyo Medical University Hospital. Informed consent was obtained from all patients or, if patients are under 16, from a parent and\/or legal guardian.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"742"}}