{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T18:13:54Z","timestamp":1778696034882,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cancer"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Studies suggest a high prevalence of pain in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients at diagnosis, during and after treatment; however, these studies had small sample sizes and did not comprehensively assess factors known to influence pain. We surveyed a large cohort of HNC survivors to determine variations in the prevalence of pain, its treatment and management by duration of survivorship, and assessed a comprehensive list of risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A cross sectional survey of post-treatment survivors of HNC during routine follow-up clinic visits.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 505 HNC survivors with a median follow up of 3\u2009years from cancer diagnosis were included in the study. Overall, 45% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009224) reported pain and 14.5, 22 and 7% reported use of prescribed pain medication, over-the-counter pain medication and alternative pain therapies, respectively. Prevalence of severe pain was 7.3% and did not vary significantly by years of survivorship (&lt;\u20091\u2009year\u2009=\u20095.7%; 1 to &lt;\u20093\u2009years\u2009=\u20097.1%; 3 to &lt;\u20098\u2009years\u2009=\u20097.6%; 8\u2009years or more =9.7%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.392). However, use of prescribed pain medication significantly varied by years of survivorship (&lt;\u20091\u2009year\u2009=\u200945.7%; 1 to &lt;\u20093\u2009years\u2009=\u200924.6%; 3 to &lt;\u20098\u2009years\u2009=\u200918.9; 8\u2009years or more\u2009=\u200918.3%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.001). Of note, a significant proportion of survivors reported moderate to severe pain (moderate to severe\u2009=\u200955.7% versus none to mild\u2009=\u200944.3%) despite step 3 analgesic use (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.001). Multivariable regression shows that recurrent disease (OR 6.77, 95% CI [1.44, 31.80]), history of chemotherapy (OR 6.00, 95% CI [2.10, 17.14]), and depression (Mild-moderate OR 5.30, 95% CI [2.20, 12.78]; Major OR 8.00, 95% CI [2.67, 23.96]) were significant risk factors for severe pain.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We identified a high prevalence of pain among HNC survivors and determined that analgesic use varied by the duration of survivorship. Therefore, routine surveillance for pain must be consistent throughout the course of survivorship.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-09024-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T18:02:38Z","timestamp":1638813758000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Variations in pain prevalence, severity, and analgesic use by duration of survivorship: a cross-sectional study of 505 post-treatment head and neck cancer survivors"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jenny L.","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raniv D.","family":"Rojo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joy Vanessa D.","family":"Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sai-Ching J.","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ehab Y.","family":"Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cielito C.","family":"Reyes-Gibby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"9024_CR1","volume-title":"Survivorship definitions","author":"National Cancer Institute - Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences","year":"2019","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute - Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences. 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All the procedures performed were part of the routine care.Institutional Review Board of MDACC; PA 2012\u20131035.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board of MDACC; PA 2012\u20131035.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Dr. Yeung received funding for investigator-initiated clinical studies from DepMed, Inc. and Bristol-Myer-Squibb. The other authors certify that they have no affiliation with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest in the subject matter discussed in this manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1304"}}