{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T21:42:51Z","timestamp":1776462171791,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cancer"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In low-income countries there is insufficient evidence on hematological, clinical, cytogenetic and molecular profiles among new CML patients. Therefore, we performed this study among newly confirmed CML patients at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To determine the hematological, clinical, cytogenetic and molecular profiles of confirmed CML patients at tertiary care teaching hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate hematological, clinical, cytogenetic and molecular profiles of confirmed CML patients at TASH from August 2021 to December 2022. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the patients\u2019 sociodemographic information, medical history and physical examination, and blood samples were also collected for hematological, cytogenetic and molecular tests. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the sociodemographic, hematological, clinical, cytogenetic and molecular profiles of the study participants.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 251 confirmed new CML patients were recruited for the study. The majority of patients were male (151 [60.2%]; chronic (CP) CML, 213 [84.7%]; and had a median age of 36 years. The median (IQR) WBC, RBC, HGB and PLT counts were 217.7 (155.62\u2013307.4) x10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\/\u00b5L, 3.2 (2.72\u20133.6) x10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\/\u00b5L, 9.3 (8.2\u201311) g\/dl and 324 (211\u2013499) x 10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\/\u00b5L, respectively. All patients had leukocytosis, and 92.8%, 95.6% and 99.2% of the patients developed anemia, hyperleukocytosis and neutrophilia, respectively. Fatigue, abdominal pain, splenomegaly and weight loss were the common signs and symptoms observed among CML patients. Approximately 86.1% of the study participants were Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) according to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). P210, the major breakpoint protein, transcript was detected by both qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>During presentation, most CML patients presented with hyperleukocytosis, neutrophilia and anemia at TASH, Addis Ababa. Fatigue, abdominal pain, splenomegaly and weight loss were the most common signs and symptoms observed in the CML patients. Most CML patients were diagnosed by FISH, and p120 was detected in all CML patients diagnosed by PCR. The majority of CML patients arrive at referral center with advanced signs and symptoms, so better to decentralize the service to peripheral health facilities.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-024-12282-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T03:48:55Z","timestamp":1714103335000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hematological, clinical, cytogenetic and molecular profiles of confirmed chronic myeloid leukemia patients at presentation at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Fekadu","family":"Urgessa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boki","family":"Lengiso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aster","family":"Tsegaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amha","family":"Gebremedhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fozia","family":"Abdella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fisihatsion","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerald","family":"Radich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Nigussie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teklu","family":"Kuru Gerbaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"12282_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ngono AP, Tipane PA, Raoul S, Njonnou S, Timnou AT et al. Hematobiological Profile of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia at the diagnosis in Yaound\u00e9: a cross-sectional study. Open J Blood Dis. 2020; 110\u201323.","DOI":"10.4236\/ojbd.2020.104013"},{"issue":"12","key":"12282_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001","DOI":"10.1200\/JOP.2016.014449","volume":"12","author":"F Ogunleye","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ogunleye F, Ibrahim M, Allen E, Brennan N, Huang J, Yu Z, Huben M, Jaiyesimi I. BCR-ABL testing by polymerase chain reaction in patients with neutrophilia: the William Beaumont Hospital experience and the case for rational laboratory test requests. J Oncol Pract. 2016;12(12):e1001\u20135.","journal-title":"J Oncol Pract"},{"key":"12282_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tadesse F, Asres G, Abubeker A, Gebremedhin A, Radich J. Spectrum of BCR-ABL mutations and treatment outcomes in Ethiopian Imatinib-resistant patients with chronic myeloid leukemia original reports abstract. JCO Glob Oncol. 2021; 1187\u201393.","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.21.00058"},{"key":"12282_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16971","volume":"191","author":"G Smith","year":"2020","unstructured":"Smith G, Apperley J, Milojkovic D, Cross NCP, Foroni L, Byrne J, et al. A British Society for Hematology Guideline on the diagnosis and management of chronic myeloid leukemia. BJH. 2020;191:171\u201393.","journal-title":"BJH"},{"issue":"1","key":"12282_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10010117","volume":"10","author":"VR Minciacchi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Minciacchi VR, Kumar R, Krause DS. Chronic myeloid leukemia: a model disease of the past, present and future. Cells. 2021;10(1):1\u201323.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"1","key":"12282_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.20473\/mbiom.v30i1.2020.27-33","volume":"30","author":"MR Wiyono","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wiyono MR, Ugroseno S, Bintoro Y, Hernaningsih Y. Characteristic of chronic myelogenous leukemia patients at the Polyclinic of Oncology, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia in 2017. MBIOMJ. 2020;30(1):27\u201333.","journal-title":"MBIOMJ"},{"issue":"20","key":"12282_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-03-643544","volume":"127","author":"DA Arber","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arber DA, Orazi A, Hasserjian R, Thiele J, Borowitz MJ, Le Beau MM, et al. The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia. Blood. 2016;127(20):2391\u2013405.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"12282_CR8","unstructured":"Jabbour E, Kantarjian H, Chronic C, Leukemia M, Found B, To Q, About A, Myeloid C. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Staging Can Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Be Found Early? Signs and Symptoms of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer: 1\u201313."},{"issue":"9","key":"12282_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2018.0071","volume":"16","author":"JP Radich","year":"2018","unstructured":"Radich JP, Deininger M, Abboud CN, Altman JK, Berman E, Bhatia R, et al. Chronic myeloid leukemia, version 1.2019. JNCCN J Natl Compr Cancer Netw. 2018;16(9):1108\u201335.","journal-title":"JNCCN J Natl Compr Cancer Netw"},{"key":"12282_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thompson PA, Kantarjian HM, Cortes JE. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in 2015. InMayo Clinic Proceedings. 2015; 90 (10): 1440\u20131454.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2015.08.010"},{"key":"12282_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.01132","volume":"9","author":"M Bonifacio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bonifacio M, Stagno F, Scaffidi L, Krampera M, Di Raimondo F. Management of chronic myeloid leukemia in advanced phase. Front Oncol. 2019;9:1132.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"12282_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-0842-9","volume":"34","author":"A Hochhaus","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hochhaus A, Breccia M, Saglio G, Garc\u00eda-Guti\u00e9rrez V, R\u00e9a D, Janssen J, Apperley J. Expert opinion\u2014management of chronic myeloid leukemia after resistance to second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Leukemia. 2020;34(6):1495\u2013502.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"1","key":"12282_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-022-01309-0","volume":"15","author":"V Garc\u00eda-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Guti\u00e9rrez V, Breccia M, Jabbour E, Mauro M, Cortes JE. A clinician perspective on the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase. J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15(1):1\u20135.","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"12282_CR14","first-page":"127","volume":"3362","author":"A Singh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Singh A, Kulshrestha AR, Singh SK, Kulshrestha MR. To study the Clinical and Hematological Profile of CML patients and to compare the hematological response of Imatinib and Hydroxyurea in different subsets of CML patients. Saudi J Pathol Microbiol. 2019;3362:127\u201333.","journal-title":"Saudi J Pathol Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"12282_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0213557","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213557","volume":"14","author":"A Mulu Fentie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mulu Fentie A, Tadesse F, Engidawork E, Gebremedhin A. Prevalence and determinants of nonadherence to Imatinib in the first 3-months treatment among newly diagnosed ethiopians with chronic myeloid leukemia. PLoS ONE. 2019;14(3):e0213557.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"12282_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4172\/0974-8369.1000257","volume":"7","author":"F Chang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chang F, Qazi RA, Khan M, Baloch S, Sahito MM, Mir A. Clinico hematological profile and phase distribution of chronic myeloid leukemia. Biol Med. 2015;7(5):5\u20138.","journal-title":"Biol Med"},{"key":"12282_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sultan S, Jaffri SA, Zeeshan R, Irfan SM. Chronic myeloid leukemia: Clinico- Hematological Profile from Southern Pakistan.; 30(46):34\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53350\/pjmhs2115113047.","DOI":"10.53350\/pjmhs2115113047"},{"issue":"1","key":"12282_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.33899\/mmed.2020.128677.1054","volume":"43","author":"I Al-abady","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-abady I. Clinico-Hematological Profile in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Annals Coll Med Mosul. 2021;43(1):1\u20139.","journal-title":"Annals Coll Med Mosul"},{"key":"12282_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_307_19","volume":"8","author":"S Kumar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kumar S, Gupta VK, Bharti A, Meena LP, Gupta V, Shukla J. A study to determine the clinical, hematological, cytogenetic, and molecular profile in CML patient in and around Eastern UP, India. J Family Med Prim Care. 2019;8:2450\u20135.","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"12282_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5851.123746","volume":"34","author":"KG Srinivas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Srinivas KG, Patil S, Shashidhara S. Epidemiological and clinical profile of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia at health-care global, Bangalore institute of oncology. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2013;34(3):211\u20132.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"12282_CR21","first-page":"43","volume":"28","author":"R Sinha","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sinha R, Jamal I, Priyamvada PP. Clinico-hematological Profile of Chronic myeloid leukemia: an institutional based study from Bihar. Age NJLM. 2019;28(7):43\u20136.","journal-title":"Age NJLM"},{"key":"12282_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henke O, Mapendo PJ, Mkwizu EW, le Coutre P. Early molecular response in East African Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with Imatinib and barriers to access treatment. Ecancermedicalscience. 2020; 14.","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2020.1089"},{"key":"12282_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tebuka E, Makubi A, Maunda K. Complete hematological response to imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia patients attending the Ocean Road Cancer Institute in Tanzania. Tanzan J Health Res 2016; 18(4).","DOI":"10.4314\/thrb.v18i4.3"},{"issue":"26","key":"12282_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.27652","volume":"11","author":"A Genthon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Genthon A, Nicolini FE, Huguet F, Colin-Gil C, Berger M, Saugues S, et al. Influence of major BCR-ABL1 transcript subtype on outcome in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase treated frontline with nilotinib. Oncotarget. 2020;11(26):2560\u201370.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"1","key":"12282_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2020062","DOI":"10.4084\/mjhid.2020.062","volume":"12","author":"M Molica","year":"2020","unstructured":"Molica M, Abruzzese E, Breccia M. Prognostic significance of transcript-type BCR-ABL1 in chronic myeloid leukemia. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2020;12(1):e2020062.","journal-title":"Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["BMC Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12885-024-12282-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12885-024-12282-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12885-024-12282-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T03:49:40Z","timestamp":1714103380000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmccancer.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12885-024-12282-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["12282"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-024-12282-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2407"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2407","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 April 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, AAU ethical committee, and permission was granted from the Department of Internal Medicine, TASH, AAU. Written informed consent was obtained from the patients, care givers or parents. The confidentiality of the participant data was linked to the study code number, and the data were kept private. Any abnormal test results of the study participants were communicated to their attending physician.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"We, the authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}}],"article-number":"530"}}