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Whole tumor analyses of EpCAM expression were conducted in patient samples with primary and recurrent HNSCC. Confocal microscopy was used for EpCAM expression analyses upon immunostaining in cultured patient HNSCC resection samples using IRDye800CW-labeled MT201.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immunostaining with VU1D9 and MT201 revealed a high, consistent, and specific expression of EpCAM on SCC-UADT in vitro. Human whole tumor analyses showed high and consistent EpCAM expression (primary: 9\/9\u2009&gt;\u2009=\u200980%; recurrent: 6\/9\u2009&gt;\u2009=\u200980%) and significantly elevated near-infrared fluorescence intensities for IRDye800CW-VU1D9 and IRDye800CW-MT201 in HNSCC as compared to non-malignant tissue (2\u20137 fold vs. mucosa; 6\u201320 fold vs. HNSCC-associated stroma). Translational postoperative immunostaining of live cultured patient HNSCC samples using the clinically validated IRDye800CW-MT201\/adecatumumab enabled microscopical differentiation of HNSCC from adjacent non-malignant tissue (fluorescence intensity ratios HNSCC vs. mucosa: 7,66\u2009\u00b1\u20091,26; and vs. HNSCC-associated stroma: 50,97\u2009\u00b1\u20098,24)).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IRDye800CW-labeled anti-EpCAM antibodies allow experimental microscopic delineation of HNSCC from non-malignant tissue. As a future outlook, these probes might improve tumor resection in near-infrared fluorescence-guided surgery of primary and recurrent HNSCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-026-16172-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T23:13:47Z","timestamp":1779664427000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Targeting EpCAM expression via near-infrared fluorescent antibodies enables microscopic delineation of primary and recurrent HNSCC"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Bernd","family":"Uhl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Eggert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bojan","family":"Smiljanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"von Thun und Hohenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Walz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisela","family":"Kranz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Schwenk-Zieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Haring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Luft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Holtmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Baumeister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph A.","family":"Reichel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Gires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Canis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Betz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"16172_CR1","first-page":"209","volume":"71","author":"H Sung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. 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