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A further aim was to analyze the percentages and visual symptoms associated with ADs and\/or BDs in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred and eight civilian pilots who underwent CRS from January 2001 to July 2012 (age: 30.33\u2009\u00b1\u20094.60\u2009years) were enrolled, the mean preoperative SE was \u2212\u20091.51\u2009\u00b1\u20091.15 D (range: \u2212\u20091.00- \u2212\u20095.00 D). Ninety-nine emmetropic civilian pilots (age: 29.64\u2009\u00b1\u20093.77\u2009years) who were age- and sex-matched to the CRS group were also enrolled. Refractive status, accommodative and binocular tests of each subject were performed. Visually related symptoms were quantified using the 19-item College of Optometrists in Vision Development Quality of Life (COVD-QOL) questionnaire. The 19 items were summed to obtain visual symptom scores that might indicate visual dysfunctions. The chi-square test was used to analyze differences in percentages of ADs and\/or BDs between the CRS and emmetropic groups. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare visual symptom scores between pilots with ADs and\/or BDs and pilots with normal binocular vision.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No significant difference was observed between the CRS and emmetropic groups in the overall prevalence of ADs and BDs (15.7% and 15.2% in the CRS and emmetropic groups, respectively;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.185). ADs were present in 4.63% and 3.03% of the CRS and emmetropic group, respectively. BDs were observed in 11.1% and 12.1% of the CRS and emmetropic group, respectively, yielding no significant differences between the groups in the prevalence of ADs or BDs (AD:\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.094; BD:\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.105). Pilots with ADs and\/or BDs had significantly more visual symptoms than pilots with normal binocular vision (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRS for civilian pilots with low-moderate myopia might not impact binocular functions. ADs and\/or BDs commonly occur in both emmetropia pilots and pilots who undergo CRS, and pilots with ADs and\/or BDs are associated with increased symptoms. This study confirms the importance of a full assessment of binocular visual functions in detecting and remedying these dysfunctions in this specific population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-01855-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T15:06:31Z","timestamp":1613833591000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of corneal refractive surgery on accommodative and binocular dysfunctions among civilian pilots in Southwest China"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ye","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue Lin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2265-4625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Longqian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"1855_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.2658","volume":"136","author":"SK Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang SK, Guo Y, Liao C, Chen Y, Su G, Zhang G, Zhang L, He M. 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