{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:01:05Z","timestamp":1792011665174,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]],"date-time":"2021-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]],"date-time":"2021-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1D1A1A02085334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1D1A1A02085334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the clinical results of toric intraocular lens (IOL) and monofocal IOL implantation when the target refraction value is -3 diopter (D) in cataract patients with corneal astigmatism\u2009&gt;\u20091.5 diopters (D).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective chart review for patients with corneal astigmatism\u2009&gt;\u20091.5D who underwent cataract surgery and their target refraction is -3D. 100 eyes (100 patients; monofocal IOL, 60; toric IOL, 40) were enrolled in the current study. Near and distant uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), corrected VA, spherical equivalent and refractive, corneal astigmatism were evaluated before and after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The near UCVA of the toric IOL group (0.26\u2009\u00b1\u20090.33) after cataract surgery was significantly better than that of the monofocal IOL group (0.48\u2009\u00b1\u20090.32) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.030). The distant UCVA of the toric IOL group (0.38\u2009\u00b1\u20090.14) was also significantly better than that of the monofocal IOL group (0.55\u2009\u00b1\u20090.22) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.026). Best-corrected visual acuity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.710) and mean spherical equivalent (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.465) did not show significant differences between the toric IOL group and the monofocal IOL group. In the toric IOL group, postoperative refractive astigmatism was \u2212\u20090.80\u2009\u00b1\u20090.46D and postoperative corneal astigmatism was \u2212\u20091.50\u2009\u00b1\u20090.62D, whereas the corresponding values in the monofocal IOL group were \u2212\u20091.65\u2009\u00b1\u20090.77D and \u2212\u20091.45\u2009\u00b1\u20090.64D; residual refractive astigmatism was significantly lower with toric IOL implantation compared with monofocal IOL implantation (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). There were no postoperative complications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When myopic refraction such as -3D was determined as the target power in patients with corneal astigmatism, toric IOL implantation led to excellent improvement in both near and distant UCVA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-01966-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]],"date-time":"2021-05-08T04:05:38Z","timestamp":1620446738000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Clinical differences between toric intraocular lens (IOL) and monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation when myopia is determined as target refraction"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Da Young","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho Sik","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Seung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0310-5663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1966_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318288afb5","volume":"90","author":"A Singh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Singh A, Pesala V, Garg P, Bharadwaj SR. 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All clinical investigations have been conducted according to the principles expressed in the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"HSH is board member for BMC ophthalmology. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"203"}}