{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:51:38Z","timestamp":1787237498285,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]],"date-time":"2021-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631318400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]],"date-time":"2021-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Ophthalmol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study sought to observe the effect of retaining intact posterior capsule in congenital cataract surgery in children aged 4\u20138\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective case control study. Seventy-seven children (130 eyes) aged from 4 to 8\u2009years who underwent cataract surgery were divided into two groups. In Group A, 50 eyes underwent phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation and posterior capsule capsulotomy combined with anterior vitrectomy. In Group B, 80 eyes underwent cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The postoperative visual acuity and the rate of complications were compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In all patients, cataract surgeries were performed evenly without intraoperative complications. The follow-up time ranged from 6\u2009months to 42\u2009months. No apparent visual axis opacity was detected in group A during the follow-up. By the last visit, apparent visual axis opacity was detected in 31 eyes (38.75%) in group B. Among them, 9 eyes (29.03%) with mild posterior capsule opacification (PCO) were treated with Nd:YAG laser, 3 eyes (9.68%) with thick proliferative membranes were treated with posterior capsule capsulotomy combined with anterior vitrectomy and proliferative membranes in 19 eyes (61.29%) were completely aspired and the posterior capsule was retained. During follow-up, only 2 (6.45%) eyes had PCO recurrence and were treated with Nd:YAG laser. The visual acuity was significantly higher than that before surgery in all patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For older children, the incidence of PCO will be low even if intact posterior capsule is retained. Either Nd:YAG laser or surgical treatment for PCO will be able to maintain good vision.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-02098-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T09:03:46Z","timestamp":1631437426000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The effect of retaining intact posterior capsule in congenital cataract surgery in children aged 4\u20138\u2009years"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jing Shang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Da","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayinuer","family":"Yusufu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan Shan","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiu Li","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu Ying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi Sheng","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiu Hua","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"2098_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.156","volume":"30","author":"S Sheeladevi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sheeladevi S, Lawrenson JG, Fielder AR, Suttle CM. Global prevalence of childhood cataract: a systematic review. Eye (Lond). 2016;30(9):1160\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2016.156.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"7","key":"2098_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e180166","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180166","volume":"12","author":"F Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma F, Ren M, Wang L, Wang Q, Guo J. Visual outcomes of dense pediatric cataract surgery in eastern China. PLoS One. 2017;12(7):e180166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0180166.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2098_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S59009","volume":"9","author":"A Medsinge","year":"2015","unstructured":"Medsinge A, Nischal KK. Pediatric cataract: challenges and future directions. Clin Ophthalmol. 2015;9:77\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/OPTH.S59009.","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2010.10.036","volume":"37","author":"AR Vasavada","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vasavada AR, Praveen MR, Tassignon MJ, Shah SK, Vasavada VA, Vasavada VA, et al. Posterior capsule management in congenital cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2011;37(1):173\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2010.10.036.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2098_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.4274\/tjo.24650","volume":"46","author":"M Batur","year":"2016","unstructured":"Batur M, Gul A, Seven E, Can E, Yasar T. Posterior capsular opacification in preschool- and school-age patients after pediatric cataract surgery without posterior capsulotomy. Turk J Ophthalmol. 2016;46(5):205\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4274\/tjo.24650.","journal-title":"Turk J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2098_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2003.08.020","volume":"30","author":"AR Vasavada","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vasavada AR, Trivedi RH, Nath VC. Visual axis opacification after AcrySof intraocular lens implantation in children. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2004;30(5):1073\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2003.08.020.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"2098_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.04.021","volume":"32","author":"BR Nihalani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nihalani BR, Vasavada AR. Single-piece AcrySof intraocular lens implantation in children with congenital and developmental cataract. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2006;32(9):1527\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.04.021.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2098_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1109292","volume":"226","author":"MC Grieshaber","year":"2009","unstructured":"Grieshaber MC, Olivier J, Pienaar A, Stegmann R. Capsular opacification after vitreous-sparing cataract surgery in children. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. 2009;226(4):258\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0028-1109292.","journal-title":"Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_522_19","volume":"68","author":"S Kaur","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaur S, Sukhija J, Ram J. Comparison of posterior optic capture of intraocular lens without vitrectomy vs endocapsular implantation with anterior vitrectomy in congenital cataract surgery: a randomized prospective study. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2020;68(1):84\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_522_19.","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2098_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2017.07.022","volume":"43","author":"AR Vasavada","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vasavada AR, Vasavada V, Shah SK, Trivedi RH, Vasavada VA, Vasavada SA, et al. Postoperative outcomes of intraocular lens implantation in the bag versus posterior optic capture in pediatric cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2017;43(9):1177\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2017.07.022.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"2098_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.3109\/08820538.2014.959192","volume":"29","author":"MC Whitman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Whitman MC, Vanderveen DK. Complications of pediatric cataract surgery. Semin Ophthalmol. 2014;29(5\u20136):414\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/08820538.2014.959192.","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.25831","volume":"54","author":"MK Aasuri","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aasuri MK, Fernandes M, Pathan PP. Comparison of acrylic and polymethyl methacrylate lenses in a pediatric population. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2006;54(2):105\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0301-4738.25831.","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2098_CR13","first-page":"294","volume":"37","author":"H Er","year":"2000","unstructured":"Er H, Doganay S, Evereklioglu C, Erten A, Cumurcu T, Bayramlar H. Retrospective comparison of surgical techniques to prevent secondary opacification in pediatric cataracts. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2000;37(5):294\u20138.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"issue":"7","key":"2098_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2009.02.028","volume":"35","author":"WF Astle","year":"2009","unstructured":"Astle WF, Alewenah O, Ingram AD, Paszuk A. Surgical outcomes of primary foldable intraocular lens implantation in children: understanding posterior opacification and the absence of glaucoma. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2009;35(7):1216\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2009.02.028.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"2098_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.152","volume":"30","author":"CL Kraus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kraus CL, Trivedi RH, Wilson ME. Intraocular lens exchange for high myopia in pseudophakic children. Eye (Lond). 2016;30(9):1199\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/eye.2016.152.","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2098_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_860_16","volume":"65","author":"SK Khokhar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khokhar SK, Pillay G, Agarwal E, Mahabir M. Innovations in pediatric cataract surgery. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2017;65(3):210\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_860_16.","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2098_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2016.06.011","volume":"20","author":"ZP Elkin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Elkin ZP, Piluek WJ, Fredrick DR. Revisiting secondary capsulotomy for posterior capsule management in pediatric cataract surgery. J AAPOS. 2016;20(6):506\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaapos.2016.06.011.","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"issue":"4","key":"2098_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(83)34549-8","volume":"90","author":"MM Parks","year":"1983","unstructured":"Parks MM. Posterior lens capsulectomy during primary cataract surgery in children. OPHTHALMOLOGY. 1983;90(4):344\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0161-6420(83)34549-8.","journal-title":"OPHTHALMOLOGY"},{"issue":"12","key":"2098_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(97)30045-1","volume":"104","author":"D BenEzra","year":"1997","unstructured":"BenEzra D, Cohen E. Posterior capsulectomy in pediatric cataract surgery: the necessity of a choice. OPHTHALMOLOGY. 1997;104(12):2168\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0161-6420(97)30045-1.","journal-title":"OPHTHALMOLOGY"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2098_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(97)80048-X","volume":"23","author":"A Vasavada","year":"1997","unstructured":"Vasavada A, Desai J. Primary posterior capsulorhexis with and without anterior vitrectomy in congenital cataracts. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1997;23(Suppl 1):645\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0886-3350(97)80048-X.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(02)01532-8","volume":"29","author":"A Mullner-Eidenbock","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mullner-Eidenbock A, Amon M, Moser E, Kruger A, Abela C, Schlemmer Y, et al. Morphological and functional results of AcrySof intraocular lens implantation in children: prospective randomized study of age-related surgical management. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2003;29(2):285\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0886-3350(02)01532-8.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2098_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2003.11.027","volume":"30","author":"UK Raina","year":"2004","unstructured":"Raina UK, Mehta DK, Monga S, Arora R. Functional outcomes of acrylic intraocular lenses in pediatric cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2004;30(5):1082\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2003.11.027.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2098_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)00032-2","volume":"25","author":"S Fenton","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fenton S, O'Keefe M. Primary posterior capsulorhexis without anterior vitrectomy in pediatric cataract surgery: longer-term outcome. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1999;25(6):763\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0886-3350(99)00032-2.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"2098_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2017.01.009","volume":"116","author":"TH Tsai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tsai TH, Tsai CY, Huang JY, Hu FR. Outcomes of pediatric cataract surgery with triamcinolone-assisted vitrectomy. J Formos Med Assoc. 2017;116(12):940\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfma.2017.01.009.","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20160208-01","volume":"53","author":"UK Raina","year":"2016","unstructured":"Raina UK, Bhambhwani V, Gupta A, Bhushan G, Seth A, Ghosh B. Comparison of Transcorneal and pars Plana routes in pediatric cataract surgery in infants using a 25-gauge vitrectomy system. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2016;53(2):105\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01913913-20160208-01.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"issue":"4","key":"2098_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2008.12.012","volume":"35","author":"KY Chee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chee KY, Lam GC. Management of congenital cataract in children younger than 1 year using a 25-gauge vitrectomy system. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2009;35(4):720\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2008.12.012.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2098_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2006.01.212","volume":"10","author":"SA Dholakia","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dholakia SA, Praveen MR, Vasavada AR, Nihalani B. Completion rate of primary posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and vitreous disturbance during congenital cataract surgery. J AAPOS. 2006;10(4):351\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaapos.2006.01.212.","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2007.08.039","volume":"34","author":"MR Praveen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Praveen MR, Vasavada AR, Koul A, Trivedi RH, Vasavada VA, Vasavada VA. Subtle signs of anterior vitreous face disturbance during posterior capsulorhexis in pediatric cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008;34(1):163\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2007.08.039.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)00950-2","volume":"109","author":"AA Jensen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jensen AA, Basti S, Greenwald MJ, Mets MB. When may the posterior capsule be preserved in pediatric intraocular lens surgery? Ophthalmology. 2002;109(2):324\u20137, 328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)00950-2.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"2098_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2010.186072","volume":"95","author":"J Ram","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ram J, Gupta N, Sukhija JS, Chaudhary M, Verma N, Kumar S, et al. Outcome of cataract surgery with primary intraocular lens implantation in children. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95(8):1086\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjo.2010.186072.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2098_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2014.10.034","volume":"41","author":"RH Trivedi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Trivedi RH, Wilson ME. Posterior capsule opacification in pediatric eyes with and without traumatic cataract. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2015;41(7):1461\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrs.2014.10.034.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2098_CR32","first-page":"45","volume":"3","author":"E Karahan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Karahan E, Er D, Kaynak S. An overview of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol. 2014;3(2):45\u201350.","journal-title":"Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2098_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C9","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/21981.9037","volume":"10","author":"NK Shetty","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shetty NK, Sridhar S. Study of variation in intraocular pressure spike (IOP) following Nd- YAG laser capsulotomy. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(12):C9\u2013C12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/21981.9037.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2015.1017579","volume":"35","author":"U Yilmaz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yilmaz U, Kucuk E, Ulusoy DM, Ozkose A, Atas M, Demircan S, et al. The assessment of changes in macular thickness in diabetic and non-diabetic patients: the effect of topical ketorolac on macular thickness change after ND:YAG laser capsulotomy. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2016;35(1):58\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/15569527.2015.1017579.","journal-title":"Cutan Ocul Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2098_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S1091-8531(99)70027-3","volume":"3","author":"KA Hutcheson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hutcheson KA, Drack AV, Ellish NJ, Lambert SR. Anterior hyaloid face opacification after pediatric Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. J AAPOS. 1999;3(5):303\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1091-8531(99)70027-3.","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"issue":"1","key":"2098_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3126\/nepjoph.v4i1.5861","volume":"4","author":"R Bhargava","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bhargava R, Kumar P, Prakash A, Chaudhary KP. Estimation of mean ND: Yag laser capsulotomy energy levels for membranous and fibrous posterior capsular opacification. Nepal J Ophthalmol. 2012;4(1):108\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3126\/nepjoph.v4i1.5861.","journal-title":"Nepal J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["BMC Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12886-021-02098-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12886-021-02098-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12886-021-02098-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T14:03:43Z","timestamp":1631455423000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12886-021-02098-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2098"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-021-02098-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2415"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2415","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 February 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 September 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Board of the Beijing Tongren Hospital. Informed consent was obtained from parent and\/or legal guardians of all participants in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"332"}}