{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T08:53:20Z","timestamp":1781859200592,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712793600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Ophthalmol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study aimed to compare the visual outcomes of the first operated eyes with those of the second operated eyes following small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 202 patients (404 eyes) underwent SMILE using the tear film mark centration method for myopia and myopic astigmatism correction. Baseline characteristics, objective optical quality, decentered displacement, induced corneal aberrations, and modulation transfer function (MTF) values were assessed. Linear regression analyzed the relationship between decentration and visual quality parameters, including corneal aberrations and MTF values.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>No significant difference was observed in objective visual quality, efficacy, and safety indexes between the two groups (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The average decentered displacement for the first and second surgical eyes was 0.278\u2009\u00b1\u20090.17\u00a0mm and 0.315\u2009\u00b1\u20090.15\u00a0mm, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). The horizontal coma in the first surgical eyes were notably lower than in the second (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.000). MTF values at spatial frequencies of 5, 10, 15, and 20 cycles\/degree (c\/d) were higher in the first surgical eyes compared to the second (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Linear regression indicated that high-order aberrations (HOAs), root mean square (RMS) coma, spherical aberration, horizontal coma, vertical coma, and eccentric displacement were all linearly correlated. Furthermore, MTF values exhibited a linear relationship with eccentric displacement across these spatial frequencies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>There was no discernible difference in visual acuity, efficacy, or safety between the two operated eyes. Nonetheless, the first operated eyes exhibited reduced decentered displacement and demonstrated superior outcomes in terms of horizontal coma and MTF values compared to the second operated eyes following SMILE. The variations in visual quality parameters were linearly correlated with decentered displacement.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-024-03414-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T23:02:11Z","timestamp":1712790131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Comparative visual outcomes of the first versus second eye following small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Anzhen","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tan","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shisi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenduo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingwu","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"3414_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.11.006","volume":"121","author":"A Ivarsen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ivarsen A, Asp S, Hjortdal J. Safety and complications of more than 1500 small-incision lenticule extraction procedures. Ophthalmology. 2014;121:822\u20138.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"3414_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.174284","volume":"95","author":"W Sekundo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sekundo W, Kunert KS, Blum M. Small incision corneal refractive surgery using the small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) procedure for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism: results of a 6 month prospective study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2010;95:335\u20139.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3414_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.03.013","volume":"127","author":"JB Randleman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Randleman JB. Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE): What now? What next? Ophthalmology. 2020;127:1035\u20136.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"3414_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149503","volume":"11","author":"C Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang C, Ding H, He M, Liu L, Liu L, Li G, Niu B, Zhong X. Comparison of early changes in ocular surface and inflammatory mediators between femtosecond lenticule extraction and small-incision lenticule extraction. PLoS ONE. 2016;11: e0149503.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3414_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20210809-01","volume":"37","author":"J Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma J, Wang Y, Jhanji V. Bilateral lenticule creation followed by bilateral lenticule separation improves visual outcomes after SMILE. J Refract Surg. 2021;37:726\u201333.","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"3414_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.04.014","volume":"124","author":"NS Shekhawat","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shekhawat NS, Stock MV, Baze EF, Daly MK, Vollman DE, Lawrence MG, Chomsky AS. Impact of first eye versus second eye cataract surgery on visual function and quality of life. Ophthalmology. 2017;124:1496\u2013503.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"3414_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2011.10.028","volume":"38","author":"H El Rami","year":"2012","unstructured":"El Rami H, Fadlallah A, Fahd D, Fahed S. Patient-perceived pain during laser in situ keratomileusis: Comparison of fellow eyes. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2012;38:453\u20137.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"3414_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20130806-01","volume":"29","author":"P Yao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yao P, Zhao J, Li M, Shen Y, Dong Z, Zhou X. Microdistortions in Bowman\u2019s layer following femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction observed by fourier-domain OCT. J Refract Surg. 2013;29:668\u201374.","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"3414_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20150820-03","volume":"31","author":"DZ Reinstein","year":"2015","unstructured":"Reinstein DZ, Gobbe M, Gobbe L, Archer TJ, Carp GI. Optical zone centration accuracy using corneal fixation-based smile compared to eye tracker-based femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK for Myopia. J Refract Surg. 2015;31:586\u201392.","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"3414_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-015-0024-4","author":"E Chansue","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chansue E, Tanehsakdi M, Swasdibutra S, McAlinden C. Efficacy, predictability and safety of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Eye and Vis. 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40662-015-0024-4.","journal-title":"Eye and Vis"},{"key":"3414_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182251","volume":"12","author":"X Zhu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhu X, Zou L, Yu M, Qiu C, Chen M, Dai J. Comparison of postoperative visual quality after SMILE and LASEK for high myopia: A 1-year outcome. PLoS ONE. 2017;12: e0182251.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3414_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3555","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-020-01506-1","volume":"40","author":"J Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang J, Wang Y, Chen X, Wu W. Clinical outcomes of corneal refractive surgery comparing centration on the corneal vertex with the pupil center: a meta-analysis. Int Ophthalmol. 2020;40:3555\u201363.","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3414_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-022-02456-6","volume":"43","author":"Q Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang Q, Liu L, Ma P, Sun Y, Wang Z, Bai J, Liu T. Grading for suction loss in small incision lenticule extraction. Int Ophthalmol. 2022;43:665\u201375.","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3414_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joco.2019.07.003","volume":"31","author":"S Zarei-Ghanavati","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zarei-Ghanavati S, Eslampour A, Shokouhirad S, Mazloum J, Yousefian A, Hassanzadeh S, Bakhtiari E, Eghbali P. The effect of eye dominancy on patients\u2019 cooperation and perceived pain during photorefractive keratectomy. J Curr Ophthalmol. 2019;31:373\u20136.","journal-title":"J Curr Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3414_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.22336\/rjo.2022.9","volume":"66","author":"K Kinga","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kinga K, Karin Ursula H. Survey of patient satisfaction after bilateral cataract surgery. Rom J Ophthalmol. 2022;66(1):36\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22336\/rjo.2022.9.","journal-title":"Rom J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3414_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Karakahya RH. Do consecutive phacoemulsification surgeries under topical anesthesia differ in terms of pain perception and cooperation? Cureus. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.19915.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.19915"},{"key":"3414_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4106893","volume":"2019","author":"C Shi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shi C, Yuan J, Zee B. Pain perception of the first eye versus the second eye during phacoemulsification under local anesthesia for patients going through cataract surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Ophthalmol. 2019;2019:1\u20138.","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3414_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000226363.19054.2a","volume":"25","author":"ACK Cheng","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cheng ACK, Young AL, Law RWK, Lam DSC. Prospective randomized double-masked trial to evaluate perioperative pain profile in different stages of simultaneous bilateral LASIK. Cornea. 2006;25:919\u201322.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"3414_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8661098","volume":"2021","author":"S Kyei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kyei S, Abaka Dadzie NY, Zaabaar E, Asamoah Dwomoh KA, Asiedu K. Age and sex variation in the duration of action and corneal touch Threshold (CTT) following Instillation of 0.5% topical ophthalmic proparacaine and tetracaine hydrochlorides. J Ophthalmol. 2021;2021:1\u20136.","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3414_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/physreve.71.031909","author":"J-R Liang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Liang J-R, Moshel S, Zivotofsky AZ, Caspi A, Engbert R, Kliegl R, Havlin S. Scaling of horizontal and vertical fixational eye movements. Phys Rev E. 2005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/physreve.71.031909.","journal-title":"Phys Rev E"},{"key":"3414_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2008.08.015","volume":"34","author":"L Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang L, Koch DD. Residual higher-order aberrations caused by clinically measured cyclotorsional misalignment or decentration during wavefront-guided excimer laser corneal ablation. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008;34:2057\u201362.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"3414_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000687","volume":"47","author":"F Vingopoulos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vingopoulos F, Zisimopoulos A, Kanellopoulos AJ. Comparison of effective corneal refractive centration to the visual axis: LASIK vs SMILE, a contralateral eye digitized comparison of the postoperative result. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2021;47:1511\u20138.","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"3414_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-02048-5","volume":"21","author":"Y Yin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yin Y, Lu Y, Xiang A, et al. Comparison of the optical quality after SMILE and FS-LASIK for high myopia by OQAS and iTrace analyzer: a one-year retrospective study. BMC Ophthalmol. 2021;21(1):292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-021-02048-5.","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3414_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000383","volume":"34","author":"M Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu M, Sun Y, Wang D, Zhang T, Zhou Y, Zheng H, Liu Q. Decentration of Optical Zone Center and Its Impact on Visual Outcomes Following SMILE. Cornea. 2015;34:392\u20137.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"3414_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3886","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13714","volume":"55","author":"M Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li M, Zhao J, Miao H, Shen Y, Sun L, Tian M, Wadium E, Zhou X. Mild decentration measured by a scheimpflug camera and its impact on visual quality following smile in the early learning curve. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55:3886.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"3414_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.22608\/apo.2016171","volume":"6","author":"H Miao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miao H, Han T, Tian M, Wang X, Zhou X. Visual quality after femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2017;6(5):465\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22608\/apo.2016171.","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)"},{"key":"3414_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12943","volume":"103","author":"D Romashchenko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Romashchenko D, Ros\u00e9n R, Lundstr\u00f6m L. Peripheral refraction and higher order aberrations. Clin Exp Optom. 2019;103:86\u201394.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"}],"container-title":["BMC Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12886-024-03414-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12886-024-03414-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12886-024-03414-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T23:02:14Z","timestamp":1712790134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12886-024-03414-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3414"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-024-03414-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2415"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2415","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 November 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 March 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 April 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The research adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Ethics Review Board of Hainan Eye Hospital at the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center. All participants gave informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"158"}}