{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:30:57Z","timestamp":1721867457924},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006292","name":"Infectious Diseases Society of America","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006292","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020167","name":"Gordon and Llura Gund Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020167","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Ophthalmol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Prior case reports and animal studies have reported on potential ophthalmologic complications of babesiosis, but this issue has not previously been addressed in a cohort of patients with babesiosis. This cross-sectional descriptive pilot study evaluated the retinas of patients with acute babesiosis to determine if retinal abnormalities are a feature of the disease.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We screened all patients admitted to Yale New Haven Hospital with laboratory confirmed babesiosis during the summer of 2023 and obtained informed consent. Patients were interviewed and underwent pupil dilation and a retinal examination using an indirect ophthalmoscope. Demographic and clinical information were obtained by questionnaire and through chart review.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ten patients underwent retinal eye exams with results that were generally unremarkable. No study patients showed any signs of retinal inflammation, infection, retinal bleeding, retinal tears, or abnormal vessel formation that could be attributed to infection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This small study did not find evidence of retinopathy in patients with babesiosis. Further studies with larger populations, repeated exams, and long term follow up will further elucidate the potential small vessel complications of human babesiosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-024-03568-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T08:11:33Z","timestamp":1721808693000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Retinal integrity in human babesiosis: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Elyssa","family":"Dionne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ron A.","family":"Adelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osman","family":"Cekic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjorie","family":"Golden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne Spichler","family":"Moffarah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelli F.","family":"Farhadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"3568_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar A, O\u2019Bryan J, Krause PJ. The global emergence of human babesiosis. Pathogens 2021, 10(11).","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10111447"},{"key":"3568_CR2","unstructured":"(CDC) CfDCaP. Surveillance for babesiosis \u2014 United States, 2020 Annual Summary. In. Edited by Services USDoHaH. Atlanta, Georgia: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2022."},{"key":"3568_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vannier E, Krause PJ. Update on Babesiosis. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2009, 2009:984568.","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/984568"},{"issue":"3","key":"3568_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(82)90530-X","volume":"93","author":"JM Ortiz","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ortiz JM, Eagle RC Jr. Ocular findings in human babesiosis (Nantucket fever). Am J Ophthalmol. 1982;93(3):307\u201311.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3568_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)76867-9","volume":"112","author":"PH Zweifach","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zweifach PH, Shovlin J. Retinal nerve fiber layer infarct in a patient with babesiosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1991;112(5):597\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"3568_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abstracts: Annual Scientific Meeting of the European College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists, Estoril, Portugal May 18\u201321, 2017. Vet Ophthalmol, 20: E1\u201314.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vop.12498","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12498"},{"issue":"1","key":"3568_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2003.09.012","volume":"134","author":"DR Allred","year":"2004","unstructured":"Allred DR, Al-Khedery B. Antigenic variation and cytoadhesion in Babesia Bovis and Plasmodium Falciparum: different logics achieve the same goal. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2004;134(1):27\u201335.","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3568_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2906.221890","volume":"29","author":"S Locke","year":"2023","unstructured":"Locke S, O\u2019Bryan J, Zubair AS, Rethana M, Moffarah AS, Krause PJ, Farhadian SF. Neurologic Complications of Babesiosis, United States, 2011\u20132021. Emerg Infect Dis. 2023;29(6):1127\u201335.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"3568_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.790","volume":"75","author":"NA Beare","year":"2006","unstructured":"Beare NA, Taylor TE, Harding SP, Lewallen S, Molyneux ME. Malarial retinopathy: a newly established diagnostic sign in severe malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006;75(5):790\u20137.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"7","key":"3568_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-015-0561-1","volume":"15","author":"HE Moss","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moss HE. Retinal vascular changes are a marker for cerebral vascular diseases. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2015;15(7):40.","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3568_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2022.11.003","volume":"39","author":"A Kumar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kumar A, Kabra A, Igarashi I, Krause PJ. Animal models of the immunology and pathogenesis of human babesiosis. Trends Parasitol. 2023;39(1):38\u201352.","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3568_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(96)40002-3","volume":"12","author":"M Tsuji","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tsuji M, Fujioka H, Arai S, Taniyama H, Ishihara C, Aikawa M. A mouse model for cerebral babesiosis. Parasitol Today. 1996;12(5):203\u20135.","journal-title":"Parasitol Today"}],"container-title":["BMC Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12886-024-03568-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12886-024-03568-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12886-024-03568-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T08:17:00Z","timestamp":1721809020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12886-024-03568-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12886-024-03568-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2415"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2415","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Yale Universit IRB, and written informed consent for participation was obtained from all patients enrolled in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable. This report does not contain any personal information that could lead to the identification of the patient.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"310"}}