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The aging immune system plays an important role in nAMD pathogenesis. Loss of the costimulatory markers CD27 and CD28 on T cells and increased T cell differentiation is associated with immunosenescence and proinflammatory T cell activation. In this study we investigate the association between MNV area change following anti-VEGF treatment and the aging T cell profile in nAMD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective cohort study included treatment-na\u00efve nAMD patients. Participants were examined with optical coherence tomography angiography at time of diagnosis and following loading dose to assess the MNV area change. A blood sample was analyzed for circulating aging T cell profile with flow cytometry for the costimulatory markers CD27, CD28, and CD56, as well as T cell differentiation (na\u00efve, central memory, and effector memory) of CD4+\u2009and CD8+\u2009T cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      54 eyes of 54 patients were included. A significant association was found between a reduction of MNV area and a reduction of the CD8+CD27- T cell proportion (\u03b2, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.17 to 1.26;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035), as well as CD8+CD28- T cell proportion (\u03b2, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.20 to 1.23;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035). A non-significant negative trend was observed between MNV area change and CD8\u2009+\u2009na\u00efve T cells (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.099).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that a less advanced aging T cell profile characterized by lower levels of CD8+CD27- and CD8+CD28- T cells is associated with a greater reduction of MNV area following anti-VEGF treatment in treatment-na\u00efve nAMD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-025-04570-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T09:34:25Z","timestamp":1768037665000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CD8+\u2009T cell aging is associated with macular neovascularization area change in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0214-8020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander Kai","family":"Thomsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6961-3055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Abildgaard","family":"Steffensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7392-9871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathrine","family":"Gotfredsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7600-0731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrik","family":"Vorum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3459-7429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bent","family":"Honor\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7729-8667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mogens Holst","family":"Nissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6790-0199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torben Lykke","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"4570_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00265-2","volume":"7","author":"M Fleckenstein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fleckenstein M, Keenan TDL, Guymer RH, Chakravarthy U, Schmitz-Valckenberg S, Klaver CC, et al. 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