{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T01:42:03Z","timestamp":1793497323687,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609804800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Upper endoscopy is an essential tool for diagnosing pediatric gastrointestinal issues. This study aimed to assess the indications, diagnostic yields, concordance between histopathological and endoscopic findings and suitability of upper endoscopies performed at a tertiary university hospital in Jordan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hospital records of children who underwent upper endoscopy were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics, endoscopic details (e.g., indications, findings and any complications), and histopathological findings were collected. The relationship between endoscopic findings and histopathological abnormalities was reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 778 patients (age, 92.5\u2009\u00b1\u200954.5 months; 380 girls, 48.8%). The most common age group was children younger than 60 months (273 patients, 34.3%). The most common indication for endoscopy was abdominal pain, followed by vomiting and failure to thrive or weight loss. Normal upper endoscopy was reported in 411 patients (52.8%). Age below 60 months, abdominal pain, dysphagia\/odynophagia, and heartburn were predictive of abnormal endoscopy in multivariate analysis with p-value 0.000, 0.048, 0.001 and 0.01 respectively. Abnormal endoscopy showed 67.3% sensitivity and 69.9% specificity to predict histopathological abnormalities. Of those performed, 13.6% endoscopies were described as inappropriate indication. The suitability of the procedure was a sensitive predictor for abnormal endoscopic and histopathological findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Abdominal pain is the most common indication for upper endoscopy in our population. It is associated with a higher chance of abnormal endoscopy. Concordance between endoscopic and histopathological findings is not high. Normal endoscopic findings shouldn`t discourage the endoscopist from obtaining tissue biopsies. Considering more biopsies may improve pathological detection rates. Compliance with established endoscopy guidelines may reduce unnecessary procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-020-02470-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T01:08:47Z","timestamp":1609808927000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Diagnostic yield and appropriate indication of upper endoscopy in Jordanian children"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Eyad","family":"Altamimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef","family":"Odeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuka","family":"Al-quraan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmi","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naif","family":"Rawabdeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2470_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.086371","volume":"55","author":"MV Sivak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sivak MV. Gastrointestinal endoscopy: past and future. Gut. 2006;55(8):1061\u20134.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"1","key":"2470_CR2","first-page":"83","volume":"49","author":"A Tringali","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tringali A, Thomson M, Dumonceau JM, Tavareset M, Tabbers MM, Furlano R, et al. Pediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Guideline Executive summary. Endoscopy. 2017;49(1):83\u201391.","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"47","key":"2470_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9077","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i47.9077","volume":"19","author":"WS Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee WS, Zainuddin H, Boey CC, Chai PF. Appropriateness, endoscopic findings and contributive yield of pediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19(47):9077\u201383.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2470_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31802c6847","volume":"44","author":"P Jantchou","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jantchou P, Schirrer J, Bocquet A. Appropriateness of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children: a retrospective study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007;44(4):440\u20135.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"2470_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheiko MA, Feinstein JA, Capocelli KE, Kramer RE. Diagnostic yield of EGD in children: a retrospective singlecenter study of 1000 cases. Gastrointest Endosc. 2013;78(1):47\u201354.e1.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2013.03.168"},{"key":"2470_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang S, Younus O, Rawat D, Naik S, Giles E, Meadows N, et al. Clinical Presentation and Outcomes of Diagnostic Endoscopy in Newly Presenting Children with Gastrointestinal Symptoms. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018;66(6):876\u201381.","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001864"},{"key":"2470_CR7","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez Zuleta Mart\u00edn Alonso. Ruiz Morales \u00d3scar Fernando, Riveros Javier. Utilidad de la endoscopia digestiva alta diagn\u00f3stica en pacientes menores de 18 a\u00f1os. Rev Col Gastroenterol [Internet]. 2014 June [cited 2020 Apr 18]; 29(2): 112\u2013116."},{"issue":"1","key":"2470_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-2693-7","volume":"10","author":"H Lyons","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lyons H, Zhang Y, Szpunar S, Dharmaraj R. Predictors of positive esophagogastroduodenoscopy outcomes in children and adolescents: a single center experience. BMC Res Notes. 2017;10(1):356.","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"2470_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rawashdeh MO, Abu-Farsakh N, al-Jaberi TM. Paediatric upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy in developing countries. Ann Trop Paediatr. 1996;16(4):341\u201346.","DOI":"10.1080\/02724936.1996.11747847"},{"key":"2470_CR10","unstructured":"Motamed F, Norouzi S, Najafi M, Khodadad A, Farahmand F, Mossahebi S,et al. Upper endoscopic findings in children with recurrent abdominal pain: high prevalence of hiatus hernia. Iran J Pediatr. 2012;22(3):309\u201313."},{"key":"2470_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alabd Alrazzak B, Husien T, Preston DL, Elitsur Y. Upper endoscopy in children: do symptoms predict positive findings? Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2014;53(5):474\u201378.","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922814528034"},{"issue":"6","key":"2470_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001582","volume":"64","author":"M Thomson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thomson M, Sharma S. Diagnostic Yield of Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Endoscopies in Children in a Tertiary Centre. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2017;64(6):903\u20136.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"2470_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dahshan A, Rabah R. Correlation of endoscopy and histology in the gastroesophageal mucosa in children: are routine biopsies justified? J Clin Gastroenterol. 2000;31(3):213\u201316.","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200010000-00005"},{"key":"2470_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teriaky A, AlNasser A, McLean C, Gregor J, Yan B. The Utility of Endoscopic Biopsies in Patients with Normal Upper Endoscopy. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016; 2016:3026563.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3026563"},{"issue":"4","key":"2470_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04383.x","volume":"32","author":"E Miele","year":"2010","unstructured":"Miele E, Giannetti E, Martinelli M, Tramontano A, Greco L, Staiano A. Impact of the Rome II paediatric criteria on the appropriateness of the upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy in children. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010;32(4):582\u201390.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"}],"container-title":["BMC Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12887-020-02470-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12887-020-02470-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12887-020-02470-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T01:10:42Z","timestamp":1609809042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12887-020-02470-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2470"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12887-020-02470-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2431"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2431","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 December 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the institutional review board of the Faculty of Medicine and the Research Committee at JUST (approval no. 20190077).Consent for participation was deemed unnecessary by the IRB committee at the Faculty of Medicine at Jordan University of Science and Technology.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare they have no competing interest related to this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"10"}}