{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T07:05:18Z","timestamp":1769151918189,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612742400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Mycoplasma Hominis is a micro-organism which is a part of the human genitourinary tract flora. Neonates are susceptible to acquire this pathogen either in utero or through vertical transmission. In rare cases, it may cause central nervous system infections with severe morbidity and mortality in preterm and term neonates.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We present a case of Mycoplasma Hominis meningitis in an extremely preterm neonate who presented with lethargy, tachycardia and seizures on day 7 of life. There was no history of maternal systemic or genitourinary infection during pregnancy and at the time of delivery. Empirical antibiotic therapy for neonatal meningitis was commenced after sending blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed pleocytosis with neutrophilic predominance, but no bacteria was identified on gram staining. Blood culture yielded no growth of any bacterial pathogen. However, growth of Mycoplasma Hominis was suspected in cerebrospinal fluid culture which was confirmed by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase chain reaction analysis. Subsequently, antibiotics were changed to Moxifloxacin and Doxycycline which were given for a total duration of 6 weeks. Multiple cerebrospinal fluid cultures were performed during this treatment. No growth of any pathogen was identified on any of these cerebrospinal fluid cultures.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We report a rare case of Mycoplasma Hominis meningitis in an extremely preterm neonate which was successfully treated with a combination therapy of Moxifloxacin and Doxycycline.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>It is important to consider the possibility of\u00a0Mycoplasma Hominis meningitis in neonates who present with clinical signs and\u00a0pleocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid but negative gram staining and no growth on conventional\u00a0culture media.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02532-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T22:29:14Z","timestamp":1612823354000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Mycoplasma hominis meningitis in an extremely preterm newborn: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Najmus Sehr","family":"Ansari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Asztalos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asaph","family":"Rolnitsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2532_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e261","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30162-1","volume":"16","author":"JG Wildenbeest","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wildenbeest JG, Said I, Jaeger B, van Hest RM, van de Beek D, Pajkrt D. Neonate with Mycoplasma hominis meningoencephalitis given moxifloxacin. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(11):e261\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30162-1.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2532_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-51-2-187","volume":"51","author":"M Knausz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Knausz M, Niederland T, D\u00f3sa E, Rozgonyi F. Meningo-encephalitis in a neonate caused by maternal Mycoplasma hominis treated successfully with chloramphenicol. J Med Microbiol. 2002;51(2):187\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/0022-1317-51-2-187.","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2532_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.08.002","volume":"57","author":"A Hata","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hata A, Honda Y, Asada K, Sasaki Y, Kenri T, Hata D. Mycoplasma hominis meningitis in a neonate: case report and review. J Infect. 2008;57(4):338\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.08.002.","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"10","key":"2532_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2017.03.012","volume":"23","author":"K Taku","year":"2017","unstructured":"Taku K, Hoshina T, Haro K, et al. An infant case with hydrocephalus as the initial manifestation of Mycoplasma hominis-associated meningitis. J Infect Chemother. 2017;23(10):713\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiac.2017.03.012.","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"2532_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31823980c3","volume":"31","author":"KM Watt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Watt KM, Massaro MM, Smith B, Cohen-Wolkowiez M, Benjamin DK Jr, Laughon MM. Pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin in an infant with Mycoplasma hominis meningitis. 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