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It accounts for approximately 2% of glioblastomas and has a poor prognosis similar to that of classic glioblastoma. It is seen mostly between 40 and 60\u2009years of age with a mean age over 50\u2009years. Pediatric gliosarcoma is even rarer than gliosarcoma in adults. We describe the clinicopathological features of gliosarcoma in patients under 20\u2009years of age and determine whether there are significant differences from gliosarcoma in adults. We also present detailed review of published literature on pediatric gliosarcoma.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Slides of gliosarcomas in patients under 20\u2009years of age were reviewed. Clinicopathological features were noted in detail and follow up was obtained.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Eleven cases of gliosarcoma were reported in patients under 20\u2009years of age. Ages ranged from three to 19\u2009years (mean age 13\u2009years). Frontal, parietal and temporal lobes were the commonest locations. Mean and median tumor size was six and five cm respectively. All 11 cases demonstrated the classic biphasic pattern. In 10 cases, glial component was astrocytic and was highlighted on GFAP. Sarcomatous component in most cases resembled fibrosarcoma and was high grade in 72.7%. Glial areas were reticulin poor while sarcomatous areas were reticulin rich. In over 45% cases, bizarre tumor giant cells were seen in the sarcomatous areas. In 1 case, sarcomatous areas showed extensive bone and cartilage formation. Other histologic features included hyalinized blood vessels, hemorrhage, infarction, gemistocytic cells, rhabdoid cells etc. Follow up was available in nine patients, five received chemoradiation post resection while three received radiotherapy only. Prognosis was dismal and eight patients died within one to 14\u2009months following resection.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Gliosarcomas in patients under 20 comprised 13% of all gliosarcomas reported during the study period. Frequency and mean age were higher compared to other published reports. Pathological features were similar to those described in literature. Clinicopathological features and prognosis of pediatric gliosarcomas were similar to adult gliosarcomas.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02556-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T05:18:21Z","timestamp":1614316701000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Gliosarcoma in patients under 20\u2009years of age. A clinicopathologic study of 11 cases and detailed review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Nasir Ud","family":"Din","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hira","family":"Ishtiaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabina","family":"Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamshid","family":"Abdul-Ghafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zubair","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2556_CR1","first-page":"48","volume-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System. Revised 4th Edition. 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Since this was a retrospective observational study and did not involve actual patients or patient\u2019s images, ethical exemption was obtained from the Aga Khan University Ethical Review Committee (2020\u20133340-8831). Informed consent was obtained from parents and\/or legal guardians for participants who are under age 18.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from parents and\/or legal guardians for participants who are under age 18.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"It is declared that all authors have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"101"}}