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This study seeks to assess associations between atopic diseases and behavioural difficulties, examining the differences considering child age and how behavioural difficulties were reported (via self-report or parent-report).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data on behavioural difficulties, assessed through the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and on atopic diseases, assessed through the participant\u2019s medical history, were available for 2701 study participants aged 3 to 18\u2009years. Associations between atopic diseases and behavioural difficulties were evaluated using linear regression analyses. We split the study sample into two groups. I: 3-to 10-year-olds\/parent-reported SDQ (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20091764), II: 11- to 18-year-olds\/parent-reported SDQ (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009937) and self-reported SDQ (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009915). All analyses were adjusted for age, gender, and socioeconomic status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In younger children, atopic dermatitis was strongly associated with higher total difficulties scores, more emotional problems and conduct problems, and more symptoms of hyperactivity\/inattention. Parents reported higher total difficulties scores, more emotional problems, and more peer-relationship problems for adolescents with bronchial asthma and other allergies, whereas the adolescents themselves reported more peer relationship problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In younger children, atopic dermatitis is associated with internalizing and externalizing problems. In adolescents, bronchial asthma and other allergies are associated with a greater level of internalizing problems only. The findings further suggest that parents of adolescents are more likely to perceive associations between atopic diseases and behavioural difficulties than the adolescents themselves.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02663-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T11:03:50Z","timestamp":1619175830000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Atopic diseases in children and adolescents are associated with behavioural difficulties"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Wiebke","family":"Keller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mandy","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Freerk","family":"Prenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Genuneit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Jurkutat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornelia","family":"Hilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Hiemisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wieland","family":"Kiess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Poulain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2663_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135271","volume":"10","author":"A Teyhan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teyhan A, Galobardes B, Henderson J. 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