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This study aimed to explore gene-environment interactions on eczema in early life among the above four genes and environmental factors in Chinese Han children.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Five hundred ninety-seven children from a birth cohort who completed two-year follow-up were enrolled and their cord blood was collected. Subjects were genotyped for six polymorphisms in the aforementioned four genes. The children were followed at 6, 12 and 24\u2009months, with epidemiologic information and medical history of eczema collected by questionnaire and eczema assessed by dermatologists.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among the 597 children, 168 were diagnosed with eczema and the others were not after 2 years of follow-up. <jats:italic>MS4A2<\/jats:italic> rs569108 GG genotype (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091.68E-02, odds ratio (OR)\u2009=\u20094.66) and antibiotic use (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093.75E-4, OR\u2009=\u20092.02) were found independently associated with development of childhood eczema. Children with both antibiotic use and <jats:italic>MS4A2<\/jats:italic> rs569108 GG genotype were more likely to develop eczema than those with only antibiotic use or GG homozygote (OR\u2009=\u20096.24 VS. 2.04 or 4.68).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>MS4A2<\/jats:italic> rs569108 polymorphism and antibiotic use were solely associated with eczema, and they interacted with each other to increase the risk of developing the disease in Chinese Han toddlers. Long-term follow-up along with functional and replication studies are still needed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02786-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,14]],"date-time":"2021-07-14T09:03:01Z","timestamp":1626253381000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Interaction between antibiotic use and MS4A2 gene polymorphism on childhood eczema: a prospective birth cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Hua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan-Hua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Feng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ru-Hong","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Hua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruo-Xu","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2786_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e39803","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039803","volume":"7","author":"IA Deckers","year":"2012","unstructured":"Deckers IA, McLean S, Linssen S, et al. 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This study was approved by the Ethics Committees of the two participating hospitals, Xinhua Hospital and the International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital (approval number: XHEC-C-2012-003), and conducted according to the principles in the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"314"}}