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Therefore, this study aims to explore the correlation between two genes, <jats:italic>UGT1A1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>SLCO1B1<\/jats:italic>, and hyperbilirubinemia in Thai neonates. One hundred thirty seven neonates were recruited from Division of Clinical Chemistry, Ramathibodi Hospital. <jats:italic>UGT1A1*28<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>*6<\/jats:italic> were determined by pyrosequencing whereas, <jats:italic>SLCO1B1<\/jats:italic> 388A\u2009&gt;\u2009G and 521\u2009T\u2009&gt;\u2009C genetic variants were determined by TaqMan\u00ae real-time polymerase chain reaction. Neonates carrying with homozygous (AA) and heterozygous (GA) variants in <jats:italic>UGT1A1*6<\/jats:italic> were significantly related to hyperbilirubinemia development compared with wild type (GG; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). To the combined of <jats:italic>UGT1A1<\/jats:italic>, total bilirubin levels in homozygous variant were higher significantly than heterozygous variant and wild type (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003, respectively). Moreover, <jats:italic>SLCO1B1<\/jats:italic> combination was significant differences between the hyperbilirubinemia and the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.041). <jats:italic>SLCO1B1<\/jats:italic> 521\u2009T\u2009&gt;\u2009C variant provide protection for Thai neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.041). There are no significant differences in <jats:italic>UGT1A1*28<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>SLCO1B1 388A\u2009&gt;\u2009G<\/jats:italic> for the different severity of hyperbilirubinemia. The combined <jats:italic>UGT1A1*28<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>*6<\/jats:italic> polymorphism is a strong risk factor for the development of severe hyperbilirubinemia in Thai neonates. Therefore, we suggest neonates with this gene should be closely observed to avoid higher severities of bilirubin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-022-03311-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]],"date-time":"2022-05-02T09:02:37Z","timestamp":1651482157000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Associations between UGT1A1 and SLCO1B1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Thai population"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Chalirmporn","family":"Atasilp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janjira","family":"Kanjanapipak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaratdao","family":"Vichayaprasertkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pimonpan","family":"Jinda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rawiporn","family":"Tiyasirichokchai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pornpen","family":"Srisawasdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chatchay","family":"Prempunpong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monpat","family":"Chamnanphon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apichaya","family":"Puangpetch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natchaya","family":"Vanwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suwit","family":"Klongthalay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thawinee","family":"Jantararoungtong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chonlaphat","family":"Sukasem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"3311_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmp041","volume":"56","author":"SU Sarici","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sarici SU. 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Informed Consent was waived due to the research use specimens left over from clinical care at Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. The specimens were not collected specifically for the proposed research, and no additional specimen was collected for the purpose of this research. Also, the analysis used anonymous clinical data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"243"}}