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Depending on whether they developed NRDS during their hospital stay, the neonates was divided into NRDS and non-NRDS groups. There were 142 neonates in the NRDS group (95 males and 47 females) and 310 neonates in the non-NRDS group (180 males and 140 females). The neonates\u2019 data on gestational age\u00a0(GA), sex, birth weight, white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count (PLT), C-reactive protein (CRP), total immunoglobulin M (total IgM), gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM), antenatal steroids use, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and preterm premature rupture of membranes(PPROM) were gathered.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>452 neonates (265 males and 187 females) were involved for the purpose of collecting basic characteristic. Multivariate analysis, males had a 1.87 times higher risk of NRDS than females (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) after controlling for the confounding effects of GA, birth weight, WBC, PLT, CRP, total IgM, GDM, antenatal steroids use, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and PPROM.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Sex was associated with NRDS; males had a considerably higher risk of NRDS than females.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-024-04596-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T06:02:12Z","timestamp":1708322532000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The association between sex and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Keren","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaojie","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohe","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanding","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4385-2871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengchang","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"48 Pt A","key":"4596_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.01.046","volume":"35","author":"LR Sweet","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sweet LR, Keech C, Klein NP, Marshall HS, Tagbo BN, et al. 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