{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:16:06Z","timestamp":1787498166308,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 81603624"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 81603624"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20224Y0161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20224Y0161"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZY(2021-2023)-0211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZY(2021-2023)-0211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZY(2021-2023)-0209-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZY(2021-2023)-0209-06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine","award":["2023 Anorectal Disease"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023 Anorectal Disease"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai City\u2019s Key Research Center Construction Project","award":["2023ZZ02003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZZ02003"]}]},{"name":"National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Discipline Project - Traditional Chinese Medicine of Anorectal Disease","award":["ZYYZDXK-2023064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZYYZDXK-2023064"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Hospital Clinical Competence Promotion and Enhancement Specialty Alliance for Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery","award":["SHDC22021316-A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SHDC22021316-A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Limited data are available regarding the risk factors for fistula-in-ano (FIA) in infants and toddlers, potentially affecting their daily lives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to identify potential risk factors for FIA in infants and toddlers, in order to implement early preventive interventions, avoid disease progression, and develop therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design and settings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective case-control study was conducted, comparing 41 infants and toddlers diagnosed with FIA with 41 healthy controls, between August 2020 and December 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Independent variables<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>(a) maternal characteristics during pregnancy and delivery, (b) perinatal characteristics, dietary behaviors, and defecation-related behaviors in infants and toddlers, (c) family dietary behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mothers of infants and toddlers with FIA had given birth more times in the past, while the infants and toddlers themselves had less mealtime, a higher rate of exclusive breastfeeding, frequent loose stools, and a larger proportion of used wipes, experiencing perianal skin anomalies. The logistic regression analysis revealed that there are four significant risk factors associated with the development of FIA in infants and toddlers, including the number of previous deliveries by the mother (OR 6.327), defecation frequency score (OR 5.351), stool consistency score (OR 5.017), and cleaning with wipes after defecation (OR 8.089).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on our data, it appeared that FIA in infants and toddlers could be attributed to several factors. These included an increased number of previous deliveries by mothers, frequent loose stools, and repeated wipe use. To prevent the occurrence and worsening of the disease, it is important to improve the frequency and consistency of stooling and provide proper care. Further research is required to verify these findings in other clinical settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-024-04826-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T22:01:32Z","timestamp":1716501692000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A case-control study of the risk factors for fistula-in-ano in infants and toddlers"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yanting","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongtao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibin","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingen","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"4826_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6705","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e6705","volume":"345","author":"JA Simpson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Simpson JA, Banerjea A, Scholefield JH. Management of anal fistula. BMJ. 2012;345:e6705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.e6705.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4826_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5224.463","volume":"1","author":"AG Parks","year":"1961","unstructured":"Parks AG. Pathogenesis and treatment of Fistula-in-ano. Br Med J. 1961;1:463\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.1.5224.463.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"4826_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2022.01.015","volume":"29","author":"K Dimopoulou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dimopoulou K, Dimopoulou A, Dimopoulou D, et al. Benign anorectal disease in children: what do we know? Arch Pediatr. 2022;29:171\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arcped.2022.01.015.","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"key":"4826_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-016-1536-1","volume":"20","author":"SH Emile","year":"2016","unstructured":"Emile SH, Elfeki H, Abdelnaby M. A systematic review of the management of anal fistula in infants. Tech Coloproctol. 2016;20:735\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10151-016-1536-1.","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"key":"4826_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02616564","volume":"3","author":"JG Matt","year":"1960","unstructured":"Matt JG. Anal fistula in infants and children. Dis Colon Rectum. 1960;3:258\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF02616564.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"4826_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(94)90587-8","volume":"29 3","author":"A Al-Salem","year":"1994","unstructured":"Al-Salem A, Laing W, Talwalker V. Fistula-in-ano in infancy and childhood. J Pediatr Surg. 1994;29 3:436\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-3468(94)90587-8.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4826_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(87)80327-5","volume":"22","author":"AD Shafer","year":"1987","unstructured":"Shafer AD, McGlone TP, Flanagan RA. Abnormal crypts of morgagni: the cause of perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano. J Pediatr Surg. 1987;22:203\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-3468(87)80327-5.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4826_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2302\/kjm.25.1","volume":"25","author":"S Takatsuki","year":"1976","unstructured":"Takatsuki S. An etiology of anal fistula in infants. Keio J Med. 1976;25:1\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2302\/kjm.25.1.","journal-title":"Keio J Med"},{"key":"4826_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"061","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1609020","volume":"31","author":"R Wood","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wood R, Levitt M. Anorectal Malformations. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2018;31:061\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0037-1609020.","journal-title":"Clin Colon Rectal Surg"},{"key":"4826_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1716724","volume":"30","author":"A Mutanen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mutanen A, Pakarinen MP. Perianal Crohn\u2019s disease in children and adolescents. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2020;30:395\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1716724.","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4826_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E21","DOI":"10.5578\/ced.201904","volume":"13","author":"D Aygun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aygun D, Akcakaya N, Cokugras H, Camcioglu Y. Evaluation of the causes of Perianal Abscess in Childhood. J Pediatr Inf. 2019;13:E21\u20137.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Inf"},{"key":"4826_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4930","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v8.i20.4930","volume":"8","author":"Y-H Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu Y-H, Lv Z-B, Liu J-B, Sheng Q-F. Perianorectal abscesses and fistula due to ingested jujube pit in infant: two case reports. World J Clin Cases. 2020;8:4930\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12998\/wjcc.v8.i20.4930.","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"key":"4826_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1177\/0003134820954829","volume":"87","author":"W Ding","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ding W, Sun Y-R, Wu Z-J. Treatment of Perianal Abscess and Fistula in infants and Young children: from Basic etiology to clinical features. Am Surg. 2021;87:927\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0003134820954829.","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"4826_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2000.6931","volume":"35","author":"NG Rosen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rosen NG, Gibbs DL, Soffer SZ, et al. The nonoperative management of fistula-in-ano. J Pediatr Surg. 2000;35:938\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jpsu.2000.6931.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4826_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2001.26372","volume":"36","author":"J-T Oh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Oh J-T, Han A, Han SJ, et al. Fistula-in-ano in infants: is nonoperative management effective? J Pediatr Surg. 2001;36:1367\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jpsu.2001.26372.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4826_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-010-2664-8","volume":"26","author":"M Kubota","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kubota M, Hirayama Y, Okuyama N. Usefulness of bFGF spray in the treatment of perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano. Pediatr Surg Int. 2010;26:1037\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-010-2664-8.","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"4826_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2004.x","volume":"46","author":"T Ohya","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ohya T, Usui Y, Okamoto K, et al. Management for fistula-in-ano with ginseng and Tang-Kuei ten combination. Pediatr Int. 2004;46:72\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2004.x.","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"4826_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.03.021","volume":"45","author":"HK Chang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chang HK, Ryu JG, Oh JT. Clinical characteristics and treatment of perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano in infants. J Pediatr Surg. 2010;45:1832\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.03.021.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4826_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529709011203","volume":"32","author":"SJ Lewis","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lewis SJ, Heaton KW. Stool Form Scale as a useful guide to Intestinal Transit Time. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1997;32:920\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00365529709011203.","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4826_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(85)80399-7","volume":"20 1","author":"R Fitzgerald","year":"1985","unstructured":"Fitzgerald R, Harding B, Ryan W. Fistula-in-ano in childhood: a congenital etiology. J Pediatr Surg. 1985;20 1:80\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-3468(85)80399-7.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"4826_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1159\/000371628","volume":"66","author":"K Kc","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kc K, Shakya S, Zhang H. Gestational diabetes Mellitus and Macrosomia: A literature review. Ann Nutr Metab. 2015;66:14\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000371628.","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"key":"4826_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1089\/chi.2015.0253","volume":"12","author":"BF Fuemmeler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fuemmeler BF, Wang L, Iversen ES, et al. Association between Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain with size, Tempo, and velocity of infant growth: analysis of the Newborn Epigenetic Study Cohort. Child Obes. 2016;12:210\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/chi.2015.0253.","journal-title":"Child Obes"},{"key":"4826_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2018.11.019","volume":"169","author":"MJ Rana","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rana MJ, Gautam A, Goli S, et al. Planning of births and maternal, child health, and nutritional outcomes: recent evidence from India. Public Health. 2019;169:14\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2018.11.019.","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"4826_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2017.10.006","volume":"47","author":"MJ Rana","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rana MJ, Goli S. Does planning of births affect childhood undernutrition? Evidence from demographic and health surveys of selected south Asian countries. Nutrition. 2018;47:90\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nut.2017.10.006.","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"4826_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.11816\/cn.ni.2020-191728","volume":"30","author":"L Qiuping Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qiuping Wang L, Dai J, Li, et al. Effect of maternal past delivery status on neonatal lower respiratory tract infection. Chin J Nosocomiol. 2020;30:1737\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11816\/cn.ni.2020-191728. (Chinese article).","journal-title":"Chin J Nosocomiol"},{"key":"4826_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-019-00798-y","volume":"56","author":"J Molitoris","year":"2019","unstructured":"Molitoris J, Barclay K, Kolk M. When and where birth spacing matters for child survival: an International Comparison using the DHS. Demography. 2019;56:1349\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13524-019-00798-y.","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"4826_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2022011","author":"K Chew","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chew K, Koay Z, Ng R, Lee W. Defaecation pattern in healthy Asian infants. Singap Med J. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11622\/smedj.2022011.","journal-title":"Singap Med J"},{"key":"4826_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2014.5218","volume":"25","author":"A Duyan Camurdan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Duyan Camurdan A, Beyazova U, Ozkan S, Tunc VT. Defecation patterns of the infants mainly breastfed from birth till the 12th month: prospective cohort study. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2015;25:1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5152\/tjg.2014.5218.","journal-title":"Turk J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4826_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(99)90289-0","volume":"13","author":"Y Watanabe","year":"1998","unstructured":"Watanabe Y, Todani T, Yamamoto S. Conservative management of fistula in ano in infants. Pediatr Surg Int. 1998;13:274\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(99)90289-0.","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"4826_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-977488","volume":"20","author":"M Whiteford","year":"2007","unstructured":"Whiteford M. Perianal Abscess\/Fistula Disease. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2007;20:102\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2007-977488.","journal-title":"Clin Colon Rectal Surg"},{"key":"4826_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199006000-00009","volume":"9","author":"M Arditi","year":"1990","unstructured":"Arditi M, Yogev R. Perirectal abscess in infants and children: report of 52 cases and review of literature. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1990;9:411\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006454-199006000-00009.","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"4826_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s40413-017-0173-0","volume":"10","author":"RG Heine","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heine RG, AlRefaee F, Bachina P, et al. Lactose intolerance and gastrointestinal cow\u2019s milk allergy in infants and children \u2013 common misconceptions revisited. World Allergy Organ J. 2017;10:41. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40413-017-0173-0.","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ J"},{"key":"4826_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13051525","volume":"13","author":"A Giannetti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Giannetti A, Toschi Vespasiani G, Ricci G, et al. Cow\u2019s milk protein allergy as a model of Food allergies. Nutrients. 2021;13:1525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13051525.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4826_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13735","volume":"56","author":"M Amer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amer M, Diab N, Soliman M, Amer A. Neonatal skin care: what should we do? A four-week follow-up randomized controlled trial at Zagazig University Hospitals. Int J Dermatol. 2017;56:1198\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.13735.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"4826_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.14047","volume":"37","author":"AN Carr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carr AN, DeWitt T, Cork MJ, et al. Diaper dermatitis prevalence and severity: global perspective on the impact of caregiver behavior. Pediatr Dermatol. 2020;37:130\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.14047.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"4826_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13748","volume":"57","author":"M \u0160iki\u0107 Poga\u010dar","year":"2018","unstructured":"\u0160iki\u0107 Poga\u010dar M, Maver U, Mar\u010dun Varda N, Mi\u010deti\u0107-Turk D. Diagnosis and management of diaper dermatitis in infants with emphasis on skin microbiota in the diaper area. Int J Dermatol. 2018;57:265\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.13748.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"4826_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-011-2956-7","volume":"27","author":"\u00c7E Af\u015farlar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Af\u015farlar \u00c7E, Karaman A, Tan\u0131r G, et al. Perianal abscess and fistula-in-ano in children: clinical characteristic, management and outcome. Pediatr Surg Int. 2011;27:1063\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-011-2956-7.","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"4826_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-020-04728-7","volume":"36","author":"R Stokes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stokes R, Wanaguru D, Saadi A, Adams S. Management of perianal abscesses in infants without general anaesthesia: a systematic review of the literature. Pediatr Surg Int. 2020;36:1317\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-020-04728-7.","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"4826_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2015.02.012","volume":"89","author":"JK Larsen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Larsen JK, Hermans RCJ, Sleddens EFC, et al. How parental dietary behavior and food parenting practices affect children\u2019s dietary behavior. Interact Sources Influence? Appetite. 2015;89:246\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.appet.2015.02.012.","journal-title":"Interact Sources Influence? Appetite"}],"container-title":["BMC Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12887-024-04826-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12887-024-04826-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12887-024-04826-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T22:01:58Z","timestamp":1716501718000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12887-024-04826-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4826"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12887-024-04826-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2431"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2431","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 September 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 May 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board, Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number 2020LHSB035), and all methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was acquired from a parent or legal guardian for study participation. This study was also registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with registration number ChiCTR2000036546 (Date of first registration: 24\/8\/2020) and was carried out in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"362"}}