{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T18:54:01Z","timestamp":1793386441055,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Excellence Program of Fujian Children\u2019s Hospital","award":["YCXZ202104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YCXZ202104"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016808","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022J011067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022J011067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016808","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Joint Funds for the innovation of science and Technology, Fujian province","award":["2021Y94020097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021Y94020097"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Hypoxemia represents the most prevalent adverse event during flexible bronchoscopy procedures aimed at foreign body retrieval in pediatric patients; if not expeditiously managed, it carries the potential for cardiac or respiratory arrest. The specific risk factors contributing to the occurrence of hypoxemia during foreign body FB removal via bronchoscopy have yet to be definitively established.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This retrospective study included a cohort of 266 pediatric subjects from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2022, who underwent flexible bronchoscopy for the purpose of FB extraction. In this cohort, the supraglottic airway was used to connect the anesthesia apparatus during the removal procedure.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In total, 45 of the pediatric patients (16.9%) experienced episodes of hypoxemia during the FB removal procedure. Multivariate analysis revealed that the following factors were significantly associated with the occurrence of hypoxemia: an operation time exceeding 60\u00a0min (odds ratio [OR] 8.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.82\u201319.13), a maximum diameter exceeding 7\u00a0mm (OR 5.03; 95% CI, 2.24\u201311.29), and the presence of radiological evidence indicating pneumonia (OR 2.69; 95% CI, 1.27\u20135.69).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>During flexible bronchoscopy procedures aimed at FB removal in pediatric patients, there is an increased susceptibility to hypoxemia. Factors including extended operation duration, larger FB dimensions, and radiographic evidence suggestive of pneumonia significantly contribute to a heightened risk of hypoxemia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-024-04836-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T08:02:35Z","timestamp":1716451355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hypoxaemia risk in pediatric flexible bronchoscopy for foreign body removal: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Su-Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min-Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Zhi","family":"Dan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Bin","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo-Lin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4836_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-022-01347-x","volume":"48","author":"LL Han","year":"2022","unstructured":"Han LL, Meng C, Zhang ZX, Tang XD, Ma J, Li CX. Clinical analysis of bronchoscope diagnosis and treatment for airway foreign body removal in pediatric patients. Ital J Pediatr. 2022;48(1):159.","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"11","key":"4836_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2004.01309.x","volume":"14","author":"A Soodan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Soodan A, Pawar D, Subramanium R. Anesthesia for removal of inhaled foreign bodies in children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2004;14(11):947\u201352.","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"4836_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-020-00825-5","volume":"20","author":"W Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma W, Hu J, Yang M, Yang Y, Xu M. Application of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the removal of adult airway foreign bodies. 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Written informed consent was acquired from the legal guardians of all the subjects. The study adhered to the Good Clinical Practice guidelines, followed the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, and conformed to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"359"}}