{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:40:41Z","timestamp":1792712441921,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":88,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) may experience restricted participation across different settings. Although several instruments assess participation, the\n                      <jats:italic>Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth<\/jats:italic>\n                      (PEM-CY), a caregiver-report instrument, is a robust tool for evaluating both Participation and Environment. This study aimed to map Participation and Environment in the home, school, and community settings of children and adolescents with CP using the PEM-CY, in partnership with a Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) group, to ensure that the review reflects the experiences and priorities of families.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review was structured according to the guidelines provided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and adapted to incorporate contributions from the PPI group, comprising mothers of children with CP, three physiotherapists, and one occupational therapist. Partner mothers contributed to developing the guiding research question, selecting search keywords, reviewing the results, interpreting the findings, and refining the review\u2019s implications and conclusions. Searches were conducted in six electronic databases (Medline\/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, and CINAHL). We included original observational studies that examined Participation and Environment using the PEM-CY. Data were collected using a custom extraction form and presented in tables and figures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve studies from different countries were included. Participation was higher at home and lower in the community, both in frequency and involvement, while the desire for change was most pronounced in community activities. Children with CP showed lower participation and less environmental support than peers without disabilities, and higher motor function and physical activity were associated with greater participation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children and adolescents with CP face greater challenges in participating in activities, particularly in community settings, when compared to their peers without disabilities. Higher levels of physical activity, environmental adaptation, and family and clinical support increases participation among children and adolescents with CP. The inclusion of the PPI group added social relevance and sensitivity to the theoretical process of the review, helping ensure that the findings better reflect the needs and priorities of families. Retrospectively registered: 10.17605\/OSF.IO\/VPQM5.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-026-07282-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T14:05:12Z","timestamp":1785161112000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["What shapes participation in cerebral palsy? A Co-produced PEM-CY scoping review with mothers with lived experience"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Ja\u00edza Marques Medeiros e","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Bendito","family":"F\u00e9lix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviann Alves","family":"de Pontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00edvia Ferreira Coutinho","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele Gomes","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayra Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Lima","family":"da Silva Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9rcules Ribeiro","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kennea Martins Almeida","family":"Ayupe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosane Luzia","family":"de Souza Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula Silva","family":"de Carvalho Chagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Cristina Resende","family":"Camargos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Carolina","family":"de Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaela Silva","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz Medeiros Araujo","family":"Lima-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Egmar","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"7282_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.16274","volume":"66","author":"B Dan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dan B, Rosenbaum P, Carr L, Gough M, Coughlan J, Nweke N. Proposed update description of cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2025;66:700\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.16274.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"7282_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.06.010","volume":"80","author":"M Mili\u0107evi\u0107","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mili\u0107evi\u0107 M, Nedovi\u0107 G. Comparative study of home and community participation among children with and without cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil. 2018;80:74\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2018.06.010.","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"key":"7282_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. International Classification of Functioning, Disability Children & Youth Version: ICF-CY. Geneva; 2007. Available from: https:\/\/iris.who.int\/items\/0fb3a435-b2d5-4b09-8df3-f309b1598082."},{"issue":"1","key":"7282_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13237","volume":"59","author":"C Imms","year":"2017","unstructured":"Imms C, Granlund M, Wilson PH, Steenbergen B, Rosenbaum PL, Gordon AM. Participation, both a means and an end: a conceptual analysis of processes and outcomes in childhood disability. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017;59(1):16\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.13237.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7282_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12083","volume":"39","author":"G King","year":"2013","unstructured":"King G. Perspectives on measuring participation: going forward. Child Care Health Dev. 2013;39(4):466\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cch.12083.","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"issue":"1","key":"7282_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2012.08.017","volume":"34","author":"E Longo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Longo E, Badia M, Orgaz BM. Patterns and predictors of participation in leisure activities outside of school in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil. 2013;34(1):266\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2012.08.017.","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"7282_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3233\/TAD-2002-14306","volume":"14","author":"L Noreau","year":"2002","unstructured":"Noreau L, Fougeyrollas P, Vincent C. The LIFE-H: assessment of the quality of social participation. Technol Disabil. 2002;14(3):113\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/TAD-2002-14306.","journal-title":"Technol Disabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"7282_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1080\/11038120410003673","volume":"11","author":"L Dunn","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dunn L. Validation of the CHORES: a measure of school-aged children\u2019s participation in household tasks. Scand J Occup Ther. 2004;11(4):179\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/11038120410003673.","journal-title":"Scand J Occup Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"7282_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.04094.x","volume":"53","author":"W Coster","year":"2011","unstructured":"Coster W, Bedell G, Law M, Khetani MA, Teplicky R, Liljenquist K, et al. psychometric evaluation of the participation and environment measure for children and youth. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2011;53(11):1030\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.04094.x.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7282_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1080\/07380577.2021.1938339","volume":"35","author":"M Pashmdarfard","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pashmdarfard M, Richards LG, Amini M. Factors affecting participation of children with cerebral palsy in meaningful activities: systematic review. Occup Ther Health Care. 2021;35(4):442\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07380577.2021.1938339.","journal-title":"Occup Ther Health Care."},{"issue":"e3623","key":"7282_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/2526-8910.ctoAR278236232","volume":"32","author":"I Menezes","year":"2024","unstructured":"Menezes I, Curi HT, Jurdi APS. Environmental barriers and facilitators to the participation of children with cerebral palsy in recreational and leisure activities: an integrative review. Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional. 2024;32(e3623):1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/2526-8910.ctoAR278236232.","journal-title":"Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional"},{"key":"7282_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Earde PT, Praipruk A, Rodpradit P, Seanjumla P. Facilitators and barriers to performing activities and participation in children with cerebral palsy: caregivers\u2019 perspective. 2018;30(1):27-32 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000459.","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000459"},{"issue":"1","key":"7282_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3390\/pediatric17010017","volume":"17","author":"T Aljuhani","year":"2025","unstructured":"Aljuhani T, Alzahrani SA, Aldosary AM, Alzamil LA, Alshehri RK, Gammash AS, et al. Measuring community and home participation and environmental factors in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatr Rep. 2025;17(1):17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pediatric17010017.","journal-title":"Pediatr Rep"},{"key":"7282_CR14","unstructured":"Involve. Developing training and support for public involvement in research. Eastleigh, 2012. Available from: https:\/\/ncto.ie\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/INVOLVE-Developing-PPI-Training-Support-2012.pdf."},{"key":"7282_CR15","unstructured":"Longo E, Chagas PSC, Magalh\u00e3es AG, Faria CDCM. Envolvimento do paciente e do p\u00fablico em pesquisas. Vol. 1. 2024. 105 p. Available from: https:\/\/repositorio.ufrn.br\/items\/9bd36f3e-95a9-4080-8eaa-7bea60b68a74."},{"key":"7282_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aromataris E, Lockwood C, Porritt K, Pilla B, Jordan Z, editors. JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. JBI; 2024. Available from: https:\/\/synthesismanual.jbi.globalhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.46658\/JBIMES-24-01","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-24-01"},{"issue":"7","key":"7282_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","volume":"169","author":"AC Tricco","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O\u2019Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, et al. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Ann Intern Med. 2018;169(7):467\u201373.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"7282_CR18","unstructured":"World Bank. GDP per capita (current US$). Washington (DC): World Bank;. Available from: https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD. Cited 2026 Feb 10."},{"key":"7282_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts33.229","volume":"33","author":"K Takaki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Takaki K, Nitta O, Kusumoto Y. Factors influencing the participation of children with disabilities in the community. J Phys Ther Sci. 2021;33:229\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1589\/jpts33.229.","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"7282_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barbosa RFM, Silva AMM, Portela J\u00fanior WB. Participa\u00e7\u00e3o e Mobilidade de crian\u00e7as e adolescentes com Paralisia Cerebral no interior da Amaz\u00f4nia: um estudo transversal. Revista Movimenta. 2022, e2022005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31668\/movimenta.v15i1.12791.","DOI":"10.31668\/movimenta.v15i1.12791"},{"key":"7282_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Feitosa AM, Mancini MC, Silv\u00e9rio APM, Gordon AM, Brand\u00e3o MB. \u201cHelp Me to improve my own priorities!\u201d: A feasibility study of an individualized intensive goal training for adolescents with cerebral palsy. 2021; Phys Occup Ther Pediatr https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01942638.2021.1891186.","DOI":"10.1080\/01942638.2021.1891186"},{"key":"7282_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6017","DOI":"10.17267\/2238-2704rpf.2025.e6017","volume":"15","author":"RM Silva","year":"2025","unstructured":"Silva RM, Galv\u00e3o EM, Mello MFA. Percep\u00e7\u00e3o de pais de crian\u00e7as e jovens que usam cadeiras de rodas sobre a participa\u00e7\u00e3o e o ambiente: um estudo transversal. Revista Pesquisa em Fisioterapia. 2025;15:e6017.","journal-title":"Revista Pesquisa em Fisioterapia."},{"issue":"25","key":"7282_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3696","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2019.1610506","volume":"42","author":"M Milicevic","year":"2020","unstructured":"Milicevic M. Home participation of children with and without cerebral palsy in Serbia: an exploratory study. Disabil Rehabil. 2020;42(25):3696\u2013706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638288.2019.1610506.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"7282_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.5937\/specedreh19-24881","volume":"19","author":"MD Milicevic","year":"2020","unstructured":"Milicevic MD, Nedovic GM. The relationship between family-centeredness of service delivery and parental satisfaction with home and community participation of their children with cerebral palsy. Specijalna Edukacija I Rehabilitacija. 2020;19(1):27\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5937\/specedreh19-24881.","journal-title":"Specijalna Edukacija I Rehabilitacija"},{"issue":"11","key":"7282_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.16322","volume":"67","author":"DA Testani","year":"2025","unstructured":"Testani DA, Shearer H, King G, Munce S, Thorpe KE, Gorter JW, et al. Predictors of community participation from preschool to school age in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2025;67(11):1463\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.16322.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7282_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.3390\/children12060707","volume":"12","author":"T Pierce","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pierce T, LaForme Fiss A. Participation of children and youth with and without cerebral palsy across settings: an exploratory study. Children (Basel). 2025;12(6):707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children12060707.","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"7282_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn12560","volume":"57","author":"LE Mitchell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mitchell LE, Ziviani J, Boyd RN. Characteristics associated with physical activity among independently ambulant children and adolescents with unilateral cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2015;57(2):157\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn12560.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"7282_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2025.105004","volume":"161","author":"MC Di Lieto","year":"2025","unstructured":"Di Lieto MC, Matteucci E, Martinelli A, Beani E, Menici V, Martini G, et al. Impact of social participation, motor, and cognitive functioning on quality of life in children with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil. 2025;161:105004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2025.105004.","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"7282_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2019.1623852","volume":"43","author":"T Makris","year":"2021","unstructured":"Makris T, Dorstyn D, Crettenden A. Quality of life in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Disabil Rehabil. 2021;43(3):299\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638288.2019.1623852.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"7282_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.24911\/SJP.106-1670589241","volume":"23","author":"KT Tegegne","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tegegne KT. Determinants of cerebral palsy in children: systematic review. Sudan J Paediatr. 2023;23(2):126\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24911\/SJP.106-1670589241.","journal-title":"Sudan J Paediatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"7282_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03089.x","volume":"50","author":"RJ Palisano","year":"2008","unstructured":"Palisano RJ, Rosenbaum P, Bartlett D, Livingston MH. Content validity of the expanded and revised gross motor function classification system. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2008;50(10):744\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03089.x.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7282_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.00450.x","volume":"49","author":"CA Maher","year":"2007","unstructured":"Maher CA, Williams MT, Olds T, Lane AE. Physical and sedentary activity in adolescents with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2007;49(6):450\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.00450.x.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7282_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.16074","volume":"67","author":"HR Leite","year":"2025","unstructured":"Leite HR, de Sousa Junior RR, Souto DO, Medeiros e Silva JM, de Lima AFB, de Miranda Drumond C, et al. F-words ingredients of non-invasive interventions for young ambulant children with cerebral palsy: A scoping review. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2025;67(2):150\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.16074.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol."},{"key":"7282_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.09.024","volume":"94","author":"G Bedell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bedell G, Coster W, Law M, Lijenquist K, Kao Y-C, Teplicky R, et al. Community participation, supports, and barriers of school-age children with and without disabilities. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013;94:315\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.09.024.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"7282_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.01.005","volume":"95","author":"D Anaby","year":"2014","unstructured":"Anaby D, Law M, Coster W, Bedell G, Khetani M, Avery L, et al. The mediating role of the environment in explaining participation of children and youth with and without disabilities across home, school, and community. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95:908\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.01.005.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"15","key":"7282_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2018.1553210","volume":"42","author":"CW Chien","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chien CW, Li-Tsang CWP, Cheung PPP, Leung KY, Lin CY. Development and psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the participation and environment measure for children and youth. Disabil Rehabil. 2020;42(15):2204\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638288.2018.1553210.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"7282_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18041514","volume":"18","author":"R Srinivasan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Srinivasan R, Kulkarni V, Smriti S, Teplicky R, Anaby D. Cross-cultural adaptation and evaluation of the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth to the Indian context\u2014a mixed-methods study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4):1514. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18041514.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"7282_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn15323","volume":"65","author":"C Andrews","year":"2023","unstructured":"Andrews C, Namaganda LH, Imms C, Eliasson AC, Asige E, Wanjala G, et al. Participation of children and young people with cerebral palsy in activities of daily living in rural Uganda. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2023;65:274\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn15323.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"7282_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2017.07.006","volume":"69","author":"MS Alghamdi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alghamdi MS, Chiarello LA, Palisano RJ, McCoy SW. Understanding the participation of children with cerebral palsy in family and recreational activities. Res Dev Disabil. 2017;69:96\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2017.07.006.","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"7282_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000719","volume":"32","author":"E Longo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Longo E, Regalado ICR, Galv\u00e3o ERVP, Ferreira HNC, Badia M, Baz BO. I want to play: children with cerebral palsy talk about their experiences on barriers and facilitators to participation in leisure activities. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2020;32(3):190\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000719.","journal-title":"Pediatr Phys Ther"},{"key":"7282_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2012.748840","volume":"35","author":"D Anaby","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anaby D, Hand C, Bradley L, Di Rezze B, Forhan M, Di Giacomo A, et al. The effect of the environment on participation of children and youth with disabilities: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil. 2013;35:1589\u201398.","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"7282_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/J006v23n01_05","volume":"23","author":"G King","year":"2003","unstructured":"King G, Law M, King S, Rosenbaum P, Kertoy M, Young N. A conceptual model of the factors affecting the recreation and leisure participation of children with disabilities. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2003;23(1):63\u201390.","journal-title":"Phys Occup Ther Pediatr"},{"key":"7282_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sousa Junior RR, Silva LC, Camargos ACR, Policiano EBC, Alonso LFC, Badawi N, et al. School attendance in individuals with cerebral palsy in Brazil. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2026;00:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.70316.","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.70316"},{"issue":"2","key":"7282_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-65382013000200008","volume":"19","author":"LB Carnevale","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carnevale LB, Berberian AP, Moraes PDde, Kr\u00fcger S. Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o Alternativa no contexto educacional: conhecimento de professores. Rev Bras Educ Espec. 2013;19(2):243\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S1413-65382013000200008.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Educ Espec"},{"issue":"8","key":"7282_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13053","volume":"58","author":"O Verschuren","year":"2016","unstructured":"Verschuren O, Peterson MD, Balemans ACJ, Hurvitz EA. Exercise and physical activity recommendations for people with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2016;58(8):798\u2013808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.13053.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"7282_CR46","first-page":"72","volume-title":"Diretrizes de aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 pessoa com paralisia cerebral","author":"Brasil. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Secretaria de Aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 Sa\u00fade. Departamento de A\u00e7\u00f5es Program\u00e1ticas Estrat\u00e9gicas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brasil. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Secretaria de Aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 Sa\u00fade. Departamento de A\u00e7\u00f5es Program\u00e1ticas Estrat\u00e9gicas. Diretrizes de aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 pessoa com paralisia cerebral. Bras\u00edlia: Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade; 2014. p. 72. Available from: https:\/\/bvsms.saude.gov.br\/bvs\/publicacoes\/diretrizes_atencao_pessoa_paralisia_cerebral.pdf."},{"key":"7282_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Van der Kemp J, Ketelaar M, Gorter JW. Environmental factors associated with participation and its related concepts among children and youth with cerebral palsy: a rapid review. Disabil Rehabil. 2022;44(9):1571\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638288.2021.1923839.","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2021.1923839"}],"container-title":["BMC Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12887-026-07282-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12887-026-07282-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12887-026-07282-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:16:47Z","timestamp":1792711007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12887-026-07282-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7282"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12887-026-07282-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2431"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2431","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"1055"}}