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To effectively address both of these health issues, it is crucial to understand the shared key determinants underlying these illnesses, which is a substantial knowledge gap in Ethiopia and elsewhere in the world. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the common key determinants of depression and AUD among FSWs in Ethiopia using a bivariate multivariable ordinal logistic model.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We analyzed cross-sectional biobehavioral data collected in 2020 from 16 cities and major towns in Ethiopia using the respondent-driven sampling (RDS) technique, which involved a total of 6,085 FSWs. FSWs who had lived at the study sites for at least a month before the study period were deemed eligible for recruitment. Major depressive disorder (DD) and AUD were screened using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9) and alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT), respectively. We used descriptive statistics to summarize study population characteristics and bivariate multivariable ordinal logistic regression (BMOLR) to identify common determinants of DD and AUD combined and their nonnormal correlation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Among 6085 FSWs screened for DD and AUD, 13.5% and 4.0% have met the criteria for moderate and severe depressive disorder, respectively, and 20.3% and 34.7% have met the AUDIT criteria for harmful or hazardous behavior and alcohol dependence, respectively. FSW with experience of inconsistent condom use, condom failure, violence, mobility, use of any drugs, non-paying partners, abortion, and selling sex for more than five years were associated with an increase in the severity of both disorders. A high average income from selling sex and the number of paying partners reduced the severity of depression and increased the level of alcohol dependence. Being HIV positive and ever having anal sex were associated only with an increase in depression.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Major DD and AUD are prevalent among FSWs in Ethiopia. The findings revealed that common key determinants, which exacerbated the severity of both disorders, were also risk factors for HIV and other STIs. Consequently, integrated STI strategies are essential in the screening, referral, and treatment of depression and AUD. Intervention packages should encompass determinants of depression and AUD, including condom utilization, drug use, mobility between towns, abortion, violence, and counseling services. Additionally, strategies to ensure economic security should be incorporated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-024-05799-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T11:02:04Z","timestamp":1715079724000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Determinants of depressive and alcohol use disorders among female sex workers in Ethiopia: evidence from a national bio-behavioral survey, 2020"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jemal Ayalew","family":"Yimam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sileshi","family":"Luslseged","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaleta Bulti","family":"Tura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birra Bejiga","family":"Bedassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feyiso Bati","family":"Wariso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Ahmed","family":"Rameto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saro","family":"Abdella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"5799_CR1","first-page":"40","volume":"8","author":"JR Frohlich","year":"2018","unstructured":"Frohlich JR, et al. 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PLoS ONE. 2022;17(1):e0261855.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["BMC Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12888-024-05799-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12888-024-05799-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12888-024-05799-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T12:06:06Z","timestamp":1715083566000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12888-024-05799-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5799"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-024-05799-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-244X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-244X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 August 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not Applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The survey and all experimental protocols were reviewed, and ethical clearance was obtained from the Scientific and Ethical Research Office (SERO) of the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI) under protocol number EPHI-IRB-108\u20132018 during meeting no. 27. Approval was granted on September 1, 2018. Additionally, guidelines and regulations related to research ethics and the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki governed all methods used.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to Participate"}},{"value":"In accordance with EPHI institutional review board approval, all study participants provided informed consent to give a blood sample and voluntarily participate in the study. Participants consented as per the EPHI IRB protocol, confirmed their willingness to participate by signing, and were monitored by trained supervisors during the data collection process. Before conducting study-specific procedures, we obtained consent from each participant using local languages. Volunteers were given the option to consent in their preferred language.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Participants received a signed informed consent form for their records. All participants agreed to sample storage prior to participation. The consent forms clearly explained that participants had the right to withdraw consent at any point during the study. Additionally, the consent forms detailed the study procedures and the associated risks and benefits of participating.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to Participate"}}],"article-number":"344"}}