{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T14:34:26Z","timestamp":1773930866071,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772150400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Business Information Systems, Cork University Business School, University College Cork, Ireland."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Psychiatry"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-026-07906-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T06:34:29Z","timestamp":1772174069000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Monitoring and evaluation of digital mental health assessments in adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability and concurrent mental illness: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mohd","family":"Faisal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niamh Orla","family":"Finan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"McCormack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Tedesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colum","family":"Crowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander P.","family":"Kanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Yacoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerard","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"7906_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czl003","volume":"21","author":"M Knapp","year":"2006","unstructured":"Knapp M, Funk M, Curran C, Prince M, Grigg M, McDaid D. Economic barriers to better mental health practice and policy. Health Policy Plann. 2006;21(3):157\u201370.","journal-title":"Health Policy Plann"},{"issue":"6","key":"7906_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3148.2007.00401.x","volume":"20","author":"SA Cooper","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cooper SA, Smiley E, Finlayson J, Jackson A, Allan L, Williamson A, et al. The prevalence, incidence, and factors predictive of mental ill-health in adults with profound intellectual disabilities. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2007;20(6):493\u2013501.","journal-title":"J Appl Res Intellect Disabil"},{"issue":"5","key":"7906_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.080499","volume":"197","author":"RC Kessler","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kessler RC, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Alonso J, Chatterji S, Lee S, Ormel J, et al. Prevalence and severity of mental disorders in the world mental health surveys. Br J Psychiatry. 2009;197(5):378\u201388.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"7906_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2016.303240","volume":"106","author":"FJ Hosking","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hosking FJ, Carey IM, Shah SM, Harris T, DeWilde S, Beighton C, et al. Mortality among adults with intellectual disability in england: comparisons with the general population. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(8):1483\u201390.","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"7906_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.13083","volume":"36","author":"S Deb","year":"2023","unstructured":"Deb S, Limbu B, Nancarrow T, Gerrard D, Shankar R. The UK psychiatrists\u2019 experience of rationalising antipsychotics in adults with intellectual disabilities: a qualitative data analysis of free-text questionnaire responses. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2023;36(3):594\u2013603.","journal-title":"J Appl Res Intellect Disabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"7906_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-004-0047-3","volume":"6","author":"I Calinoiu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Calinoiu I, McClellan J. Diagnostic interviews. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2004;6(2):88\u201395.","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"7906_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meyerhoff J, Kornfield R, Mohr DC, Reddy M. Meeting young adults\u2019 social support needs across the health behavior change journey: implications for digital mental health tools. Proc ACM Hum Comput Interact. 2022;6(CSCW2):1-33.","DOI":"10.1145\/3555203"},{"issue":"2","key":"7906_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21299","volume":"24","author":"J Torous","year":"2025","unstructured":"Torous J, Linardon J, Goldberg SB, Sun S, Bell I, Nicholas J, et al. The evolving field of digital mental health: current evidence and implementation issues for smartphone apps, generative artificial intelligence, and virtual reality. World Psychiatry. 2025;24(2):156\u201374.","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"7906_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1080\/15228835.2011.616939","volume":"29","author":"A Barak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barak A, Grohol JM. Current and future trends in internet-supported mental health interventions. J Technol Hum Serv. 2011;29(3):155\u201396.","journal-title":"J Technol Hum Serv"},{"key":"7906_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697072","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2021.697072","volume":"3","author":"B Wies","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wies B, Landers C, Ienca M. Digital mental health for young people: a scoping review of ethical promises and challenges. Front Digit Health. 2021;3:697072.","journal-title":"Front Digit Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"7906_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35159","DOI":"10.2196\/35159","volume":"9","author":"TJ Philippe","year":"2022","unstructured":"Philippe TJ, Sikder N, Jackson A, Koblanski ME, Liow E, Pilarinos A, et al. Digital health interventions for delivery of mental health care: systematic and comprehensive meta-review. JMIR Mental Health. 2022;9(5):e35159.","journal-title":"JMIR Mental Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"7906_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0002661","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002661","volume":"4","author":"JK Murphy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Murphy JK, Saker S, Chakraborty PA, Chan YM, Michalak EE, Irrarazaval M, et al. Advancing equitable access to digital mental health in the Asia-Pacific region in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: a modified Delphi consensus study. PLOS Global Public Health. 2024;4(6):e0002661.","journal-title":"PLOS Global Public Health"},{"issue":"15","key":"7906_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e35472","volume":"10","author":"JR Beames","year":"2024","unstructured":"Beames JR, Han J, Shvetcov A, Zheng WY, Slade A, Dabash O, et al. Use of smartphone sensor data in detecting and predicting depression and anxiety in young people (12\u201325 years): a scoping review. Heliyon. 2024;10(15):e35472. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e35472.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"7906_CR14","unstructured":"Benton E. 3E program: faith-based techniques to empower those who serve individuals with intellectual disabilities [dissertation]. Virginia Beach (VA): Regent University; 2025."},{"issue":"3","key":"7906_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.13082","volume":"36","author":"R MacHale","year":"2023","unstructured":"MacHale R, Ffrench C, McGuire B. The experiences and views of adults with intellectual disabilities accessing digital mental health interventions: a qualitative systematic review and thematic synthesis. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2023;36(3):448\u201357.","journal-title":"J Appl Res Intellect Disabil"},{"key":"7906_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-10031-4_20","volume-title":"The science behind the COVID pandemic and healthcare technology solutions","author":"BA Clough","year":"2022","unstructured":"Clough BA, Cassimatis M, Noorbala L, Attary T, Ghazizadeh A, Hamilton K. Mental healthcare in the \u2018new normal\u2019: digital technologies for pandemics. The science behind the COVID pandemic and healthcare technology solutions. Cham: Springer; 2022. pp. 435\u201364."},{"issue":"3","key":"7906_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1123\/jmpb.2018-0063","volume":"2","author":"JH Migueles","year":"2019","unstructured":"Migueles JH, Rowlands AV, Huber F, Sabia S, van Hees VT. GGIR: a research community\u2013driven open source R package for generating physical activity and sleep outcomes from multi-day Raw accelerometer data. J Meas Phys Behav. 2019;2(3):188\u201396.","journal-title":"J Meas Phys Behav"},{"issue":"11","key":"7906_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0142533","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142533","volume":"10","author":"VT van Hees","year":"2015","unstructured":"van Hees VT, Sabia S, Anderson KN, Denton SJ, Oliver J, Catt M, et al. A novel, open access method to assess sleep duration using a wrist-worn accelerometer. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(11):e0142533.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"7906_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/bld.12188","volume":"45","author":"YM Dairo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dairo YM, Collett J, Dawes H. A feasibility study into the measurement of physical activity levels of adults with intellectual disabilities using accelerometers and the international physical activity questionnaire. Br J Learn Disabil. 2017;45(2):129\u201337.","journal-title":"Br J Learn Disabil"},{"issue":"5","key":"7906_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2473","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18052473","volume":"18","author":"PA Baldwin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baldwin PA, Rasmussen V, Trollor JN, Zhao JL, Anderson J, Christensen H, et al. Idtwo: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a web-based mental health intervention for Australians with intellectual disability. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(5):2473.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"7906_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0169649","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169649","volume":"12","author":"A Doherty","year":"2017","unstructured":"Doherty A, Jackson D, Hammerla N, Pl\u00f6tz T, Olivier P, Granat MH, et al. Large scale population assessment of physical activity using wrist worn accelerometers: the UK biobank study. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(2):e0169649.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"7906_CR22","unstructured":"Xano. Xano cloud database platform [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Feb 14]. Available from: https:\/\/www.xano.com\/."},{"issue":"24","key":"7906_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102955","volume":"54","author":"FC Bull","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, Borodulin K, Buman MP, Cardon G, et al. World health organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(24):1451\u201362.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"7906_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt330","volume":"179","author":"S Sabia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sabia S, van Hees VT, Shipley MJ, Trenell MI, Hagger-Johnson G, Elbaz A, et al. Association between questionnaire- and accelerometer-assessed physical activity: the role of sociodemographic factors. Am J Epidemiol. 2014;179(6):781\u201390.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"7906_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Scalera M, Latrofa S, Lomonte N, Tauro G, Gentile E. A software system for the assessment of the sleep-wake rhythm using Axivity AX3. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Technologies (SpliTech); 2022 Jul 5\u20138; Split, Croatia. Piscataway (NJ): IEEE; 2022. p. 1-6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23919\/SpliTech55088.2022.9854306.","DOI":"10.23919\/SpliTech55088.2022.9854306"},{"key":"7906_CR26","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing [Internet]. Vienna (AT): R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2021 [cited 2026 Feb 12]. Available from: https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"issue":"6","key":"7906_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002924","volume":"126","author":"TR Vetter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vetter TR, Schober P. Agreement analysis: what he said, she said versus you said. Anesth Analgesia. 2018;126(6):2123\u20138.","journal-title":"Anesth Analgesia"},{"key":"7906_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-019-01246-w","volume":"52","author":"P Mair","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mair P, Wilcox R. Robust statistical methods in R using the WRS2 package. Behav Res Methods. 2020;52:464\u201388.","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"7906_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03426-5","volume":"21","author":"R Melia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Melia R, Monahan L, Duggan J, Bogue J, O\u2019Sullivan M, Young K, et al. Exploring the experiences of mental health professionals engaged in the adoption of mobile health technology in Irish mental health services. BMC Psychiatry. 2021;21:1\u201311.","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"7906_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024946","volume":"121","author":"LS Talbot","year":"2012","unstructured":"Talbot LS, Stone S, Gruber J, Hairston IS, Eidelman P, Harvey AG. A test of the bidirectional association between sleep and mood in bipolar disorder and insomnia. J Abnorm Psychol. 2012;121(1):39\u201350.","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7906_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-014-0351-6","volume":"14","author":"J Borg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Borg J, Lantz A, Gulliksen J. Accessibility to electronic communication for people with cognitive disabilities: a systematic search and review of empirical evidence. Univ Access Inf Soc. 2015;14(4):547\u201362.","journal-title":"Univ Access Inf Soc"},{"key":"7906_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184946","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2023.1184946","volume":"5","author":"US Jacob","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jacob US, Pillay J, Johnson E, Omoya O, Adedokun AP. A systematic review of physical activity: benefits and needs for maintenance of quality of life among adults with intellectual disability. Front Sports Act Living. 2023;5:1184946.","journal-title":"Front Sports Act Living"},{"issue":"1","key":"7906_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5817\/CP2017-1-1","volume":"11","author":"D Lussier-Desrochers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lussier-Desrochers D, Normand CL, Romero-Torres A, Lachapelle Y, Godin-Tremblay V, Dupont M-\u00c8, et al. Bridging the digital divide for people with intellectual disability. Cyberpsychology: J Psychosocial Res Cyberspace. 2017;11(1):1\u201314.","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology: J Psychosocial Res Cyberspace"},{"issue":"4","key":"7906_CR34","first-page":"107","volume":"20","author":"R Sheehan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sheehan R, Hassiotis A. Digital mental health and intellectual disabilities: state of the evidence and future directions. BMJ Mental Health. 2017;20(4):107\u201311.","journal-title":"BMJ Mental Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"7906_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2020.12.009","volume":"29","author":"JA Himle","year":"2022","unstructured":"Himle JA, Weaver A, Zhang A, Xiang X. Digital mental health interventions for depression. Cogn Behav Pract. 2022;29(1):50\u20139.","journal-title":"Cogn Behav Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"7906_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17824","DOI":"10.2196\/17824","volume":"8","author":"DM Hilty","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hilty DM, Torous J, Chan S, Luo J, Boland RJ. A framework for competencies for the use of mobile technologies in psychiatry and medicine: scoping review. JMIR Mental Health. 2021;8(2):e17824. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/17824.","journal-title":"JMIR Mental Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"7906_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000001664","volume":"60","author":"JA Teresi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Teresi JA, Yu X, Stewart AL, Hays RD. Guidelines for designing and evaluating feasibility pilot studies. Med Care. 2022;60(1):95\u2013103.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"7906_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.3390\/disabilities2040050","volume":"2","author":"E Murphy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Murphy E, Shiels O, Yap ML, Angus FC, Delaney J, Hogan B, et al. I feel proud that with this app we can help other people with intellectual disabilities: the role of an expert by experience digital inclusion citizen advisory panel. Disabilities. 2022;2(4):715\u201335.","journal-title":"Disabilities"},{"issue":"1","key":"7906_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3102\/0091732X09349791","volume":"34","author":"M Warschauer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Warschauer M, Matuchniak T. New technology and digital worlds: analyzing evidence of equity in access, use, and outcomes. Rev Res Educ. 2010;34(1):179\u2013225.","journal-title":"Rev Res Educ"}],"container-title":["BMC Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12888-026-07906-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12888-026-07906-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12888-026-07906-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T11:44:08Z","timestamp":1773920648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12888-026-07906-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7906"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-026-07906-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-244X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-244X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was granted by the Research Ethics Committee of Brothers of Charity Services, Galway, on 12th September 2023, and explicit consent was obtained from each participant.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Yes.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"G.C. received honoraria from Janssen, Heel Pharmaceuticals, Probi, Boehringer Ingelheim, Heel Pharmaceuticals and Apsen as an invited speaker, and research funding from Pharmavite, Reckitt, Tate and Lyle, Nestle, Fonterra and is or has been a paid consultant for Heel Pharmaceuticals, Bayer Healthcare, Yakult and Zentiva. None declared for other authors.Funding: The chief clinical investigator, M.F., has received a scholarship to pursue a higher degree (M.D.) in the Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science and Business Information Systems, Cork University Business School at University College Cork (UCC). UCC is funded to conduct this research via an anonymous philanthropic donation to F.A.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"245"}}