{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T01:11:39Z","timestamp":1779153099643,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":38,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&D Programme of China","award":["2024YFE0215100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFE0215100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Psychiatry"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-026-08045-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T01:48:03Z","timestamp":1775872083000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The association between spatiotemporal coupling of default mode network and behaviors is specifically modulated by peripheral inflammation in major depressive disorder"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Junxia","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suping","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zibin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruikun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suli","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuxiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Rodriguez-Labrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingjun","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dezhong","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sisi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"8045_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berk M, K\u00f6hler-Forsberg O, Turner M, Penninx BWJH, Wrobel A, Firth J, et al. Comorbidity between major depressive disorder and physical diseases: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, mechanisms and management. World Psychiatry. 2023;22:366\u201387.","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21110"},{"key":"8045_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kautzky A, James G, Philippe C, Baldinger-Melich P, Kraus C, Kranz G, et al. The influence of the rs6295 gene polymorphism on serotonin-1A receptor distribution investigated with PET in patients with major depression applying machine learning. Sci Rep. 2017;7(6):e1150.","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.108"},{"key":"8045_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Otte C, Gold SM, Penninx BW, Pariante CM, Etkin A, Fava M, et al. Major depressive disorder. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016;2:16065.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.65"},{"key":"8045_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tian YH, Cui YG, Liu LW, Chen CH, Liu ZW, Li WZ, et al. Depressive and mobile phone addiction symptoms in Chinese adolescents with major depressive disorder: the mediating effect of alexithymia. BMC Psychiatry. 2025;25(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-07271-8"},{"issue":"5","key":"8045_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2023.07.017","volume":"95","author":"M Garcia-Argibay","year":"2024","unstructured":"Garcia-Argibay M, Brikell I, Thapar A, Lichtenstein P, Lundstroem S, Demontis D, et al. Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder: Evidence From Multiple Genetically Informed Designs. Biol Psychiatry. 2024;95(5):444\u201352.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"8045_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li YT, Zhang C, Han JC, Shang YX, Chen ZH, Cui GB, et al. Neuroimaging features of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2024;14.","DOI":"10.1177\/20451253241243290"},{"issue":"4","key":"8045_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-024-01854-4","volume":"275","author":"FP Sun","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sun FP, Liu ZN, Yang J, Fan ZB, Wang FW, Yang J. Aberrant brain dynamics in major depressive disorder during working memory task. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin NeuroSci. 2025;275(4):1141\u201350.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin NeuroSci"},{"issue":"1","key":"8045_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02669-4","volume":"30","author":"J Hagen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hagen J, Ramkiran S, Schnellbaecher GJ, Rajkumar R, Collee M, Khudeish N, et al. Phenomena of hypo- and hyperconnectivity in basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical circuits linked to major depression: a 7T fMRI study. Mol Psychiatry. 2025;30(1):158\u201367.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"8045_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2025.0192","volume":"82","author":"P Kochunov","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kochunov P, Adhikari BM, Keator D, Amen D, Gao S, Karcher NR, et al. Functional vs Structural Cortical Deficit Pattern Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder. Jama Psychiatry. 2025;82(6):582\u201390.","journal-title":"Jama Psychiatry"},{"key":"8045_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang L, Qin K, Pan N, Xu H, Gong Q. Shared and distinct patterns of default mode network dysfunction in major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder: a comparative meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2025;368:23\u201332.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.09.021"},{"key":"8045_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams LM. Defining biotypes for depression and anxiety based on large-scale circuit dysfunction: a theoretical review of the evidence and future directions for clinical translation. Depress Anxiety. 2017;34(1):9\u201324.","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22556"},{"key":"8045_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu F, Zhang J, Zhong Y, Hong L, Wang J, Du H, et al. Neural signatures of default mode network subsystems in first-episode, drug-naive patients with major depressive disorder after 6-week thought induction psychotherapy treatment. Cereb Commun. 2024;6(4):fcae263.","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcae263"},{"issue":"3","key":"8045_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02702-6","volume":"30","author":"Y Afriyie-Agyemang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Afriyie-Agyemang Y, Bertocci MA, Iyengar S, Stiffler RS, Bonar LK, Aslam HA, et al. Lifetime depression and mania\/hypomania risk predicted by neural markers in three independent young adult samples during working memory and emotional regulation. Mol Psychiatry. 2025;30(3):870\u201380.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"8045_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03057-9","volume":"30","author":"L Tozzi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tozzi L, Zhang X, Pines A, Olmsted AM, Zhai ES, Anene ET, et al. Personalized brain circuit scores identify clinically distinct biotypes in depression and anxiety. Nat Med. 2024;30(7):2076\u201387.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"8045_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2010.10.019","volume":"35","author":"JS Buyukdura","year":"2011","unstructured":"Buyukdura JS, McClintock SM, Croarkin PE. Psychomotor retardation in depression: Biological underpinnings, measurement, and treatment. Prog Neuro-psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011;35(2):395\u2013409.","journal-title":"Prog Neuro-psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"8045_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Javaheripour N, Li M, Chand T, Krug A, Kircher T, Dannlowski U, et al. Altered resting-state functional connectome in major depressive disorder: a mega-analysis from the PsyMRI consortium. Transl Psychiatry. 2021;11(1).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01619-w"},{"issue":"8","key":"8045_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-021-00474-4","volume":"22","author":"J Smallwood","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smallwood J, Bernhardt BC, Leech R, Bzdok D, Jefferies E, Margulies DS. The default mode network in cognition: a topographical perspective. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2021;22(8):503\u201313.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"10","key":"8045_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.07.003","volume":"23","author":"AB Satpute","year":"2019","unstructured":"Satpute AB, Lindquist KA. The Default Mode Network\u2019s Role in Discrete Emotion. Trends Cogn Sci. 2019;23(10):851\u201364.","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"8045_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim J, Andrews-Hanna JR, Eisenbarth H, Lux BK, Kim HJ, Lee E, et al. A dorsomedial prefrontal cortex-based dynamic functional connectivity model of rumination. Nat Commun. 2023;14(1).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39142-9"},{"key":"8045_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou HX, Chen X, Shen YQ, Li L, Chen NX, Zhu ZC, et al. Rumination and the default mode network: meta-analysis of brain imaging studies and implications for depression. NeuroImage. 2020;206.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116287"},{"key":"8045_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tozzi L, Zhang X, Chesnut M, Holt-Gosselin B, Ramirez CA, Williams LM. Reduced functional connectivity of default mode network subsystems in depression: meta-analytic evidence and relationship with trait rumination. Neuroimage-Clin. 2021;30.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2021.102570"},{"key":"8045_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia F, Chen X, Wang X, Quan C, Ruan J, Huang Y, et al. Activity of the default mode network mediates the effect of peripheral plasma glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor levels on rumination in major depressive disorder patients. Transl Psychiatry. 2025;5:kkaf014.","DOI":"10.1093\/psyrad\/kkaf014"},{"key":"8045_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.06.063","volume":"361","author":"H Qiu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qiu H, Zhang LQ, Gao YX, Zhou ZL, Li HL, Cao LX, et al. Functional connectivity of the default mode network in first-episode drug-na\u00efve patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord. 2024;361:489\u201396.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"8045_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww143","volume":"139","author":"J Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang J, Cheng W, Liu ZW, Zhang K, Lei X, Yao Y, et al. Neural, electrophysiological and anatomical basis of brain-network variability and its characteristic changes in mental disorders. Brain. 2016;139:2307\u201321.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"8045_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheng C, Dong DF, Jiang YL, Ming QS, Zhong X, Sun XQ, et al. State-related alterations of spontaneous neural activity in current and remitted depression revealed by resting-state fMRI. Front Psychol. 2019;10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00245"},{"key":"8045_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Javaheripour N, Colic L, Opel N, Li M, Balajoo SM, Chand T, et al. Altered brain dynamic in major depressive disorder: state and trait features. Trans. Psychiatry. 2023;13(1).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-023-02540-0"},{"issue":"4","key":"8045_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2021.05.003","volume":"7","author":"R Marchitelli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marchitelli R, Paill\u00e8re-Martinot ML, Bourvis N, Guerin-Langlois C, Kipman A, Trichard C, et al. Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Adolescence- Onset Major Depression: Relationships With Severity and Symptom Dimensions. Biol Psychiatry-Cognitive Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2022;7(4):385\u201396.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry-Cognitive Neurosci Neuroimaging"},{"key":"8045_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai A, Yang J, Guo H, Dong S, Zhao T, Zhou W, et al. Unraveling spatiotemporal dynamics in transdiagnosis subtypes of major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder: insights from co-activation patterns and treatment response. Hum Brain Mapp. 2025;1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-025-03326-0"},{"key":"8045_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen JX, Jiang SS, Ye GF, Yang ZH, Hou CY, Li HC, et al. Disrupted periodic spatiotemporal pattern and dynamic reorganization of its basic states in generalized epilepsy. J Neural Eng. 2025;22(5).","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ae01d9"},{"key":"8045_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim IB, Lee JH, Park SC. The relationship between stress, inflammation, and depression. Biomedicines. 2022;10(8).","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10081929"},{"key":"8045_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roohi E, Jaafari N, Hashemian F. On inflammatory hypothesis of depression: what is the role of IL-6 in the middle of the chaos? J Neuroinflamm. 2021;18(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02100-7"},{"issue":"2","key":"8045_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0474-5","volume":"25","author":"JJ Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu JJ, Wei YB, Strawbridge R, Bao YP, Chang SH, Shi L, et al. Peripheral cytokine levels and response to antidepressant treatment in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry. 2020;25(2):339\u201350.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"8045_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.06.002","volume":"107","author":"E Beurel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beurel E, Toups M, Nemeroff CB. The Bidirectional Relationship of Depression and Inflammation: Double Trouble. Neuron. 2020;107(2):234\u201356.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"8045_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsuboi H, Sakakibara H, Minamida Y, Tsujiguchi H, Matsunaga M, Hara A, et al. Elevated levels of serum IL-17A in community-dwelling women with higher depressive symptoms. Behav Sci (Basel). 2018;8(11).","DOI":"10.3390\/bs8110102"},{"issue":"1","key":"8045_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s13030-024-00317-5","volume":"18","author":"H Tsuboi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tsuboi H, Sakakibara H, Minamida-Urata Y, Tsujiguchi H, Hara A, Suzuki K, et al. Serum TNFalpha and IL-17A levels may predict increased depressive symptoms: findings from the Shika Study cohort project in Japan. Biopsychosoc Med. 2024;18(1):20.","journal-title":"Biopsychosoc Med"},{"key":"8045_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szalach LP, Ciesielska-Figlon K, Daca A, Cubala WJ, Lisowska KA. The effect of ketamine on the immune system in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(15).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26157500"},{"key":"8045_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shkundin A, Halaris A. IL-8 (CXCL8) Correlations with psychoneuroimmunological processes and neuropsychiatric conditions. J Pers Med. 2024;14(5).","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14050488"},{"issue":"1","key":"8045_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04616-z","volume":"23","author":"Y Cai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cai Y, Zhu ZH, Li RH, Yin XY, Chen RF, Man LJ, et al. Association between increased serum interleukin-8 levels and improved cognition in major depressive patients with SSRIs. BMC Psychiatry. 2023;23(1):122.","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"8045_CR39","unstructured":"Messent PJ. C.C.P. and psychiatry, DSM-5. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2013;18(4):479\u201382."},{"key":"8045_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960;23(1):56.","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56"},{"key":"8045_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamilton M. The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol. 1959;32:50\u20135.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"8045_CR42","first-page":"99","volume":"167","author":"RP Snaith","year":"1995","unstructured":"Snaith RP, Hamilton M, Morley S, Humayan A. Hargreaves and P.J.T.B.J.o.P. Trigwell. scale Assess hedonic tone Snaith\u2013Hamilton Pleas Scale. 1995;167(1):99\u2013103.","journal-title":"scale Assess hedonic tone Snaith\u2013Hamilton Pleas Scale"},{"key":"8045_CR43","unstructured":"Wechsler D. Manual for the wechsler adult intelligence scale. New York: Psychological Corporation; 1955."},{"issue":"5","key":"8045_CR44","first-page":"2277","volume":"1","author":"CR Bowie","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bowie CR, Harvey PDJNp. Adm interpretation Trail Mak Test. 2006;1(5):2277\u201381.","journal-title":"Adm interpretation Trail Mak Test"},{"key":"8045_CR45","unstructured":"Sullivan MJ, Edgley K, Dehoux EJ. A survey of multiple sclerosis: I. Perceived cognitive problems and compensatory strategy use. Can J Rehabil. 1990;4:99\u2013105."},{"issue":"7615","key":"8045_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18933","volume":"536","author":"MF Glasser","year":"2016","unstructured":"Glasser MF, Coalson TS, Robinson EC, Hacker CD, Harwell J, Yacoub E, et al. A multi-modal parcellation of human cerebral cortex. Nature. 2016;536(7615):171\u20138.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"8045_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3095","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhx179","volume":"28","author":"A Schaefer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schaefer A, Kong R, Gordon EM, Laumann TO, Zuo XN, Holmes AJ, et al. Local-Global Parcellation of the Human Cerebral Cortex from Intrinsic Functional Connectivity MRI. Cereb Cortex. 2018;28(9):3095\u2013114.","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"1","key":"8045_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"010101","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2026.010101","volume":"36","author":"F Fiel Peres","year":"2026","unstructured":"Fiel Peres F. Effect sizes for nonparametric tests. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2026;36(1):010101.","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"key":"8045_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.10.143","volume":"345","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Zhu YH, Ye HT, Jiang WH, Zhang YB, Kong YY, et al. Abnormal changes of dynamic topological characteristics in patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord. 2024;345:349\u201357.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"8045_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang CY, Li YY, Wang YT, Yang HL, Ling YX, Wang L, et al. Sex-specific amygdala connectivity alterations in medication-na\u00efve major depressive disorder: A static and dynamic analysis. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2025;142.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2025.111523"},{"issue":"7","key":"8045_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24509","volume":"40","author":"VM Vergara","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vergara VM, Abrol A, Calhoun VD. An average sliding window correlation method for dynamic functional connectivity. Hum Brain Mapp. 2019;40(7):2089\u2013103.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"8045_CR52","unstructured":"Wang K, Majeed W, Thompson G, Ying K, Zhu Y, Keilholz S. Quasi-periodic pattern of fMRI contributes to functional connectivity and explores differences between major depressive disorder and control. Proc Int Soc Magn Reson Med. 2016."},{"key":"8045_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"An ZQ, Tang K, Xie YY, Tong CJ, Liu JM, Tao Q, et al. Aberrant resting-state co-activation network dynamics in major depressive disorder. Trans Psychiatry. 2024;14(1).","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4346800"},{"issue":"10","key":"8045_CR54","first-page":"1169","volume":"2","author":"NY Tse","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tse NY, Ratheesh A, Tian YE, Connolly CG, Davey CG, Ganesan S, et al. mega-analysis Funct connectivity Netw abnormalities youth Depress. 2024;2(10):1169\u201382.","journal-title":"mega-analysis Funct connectivity Netw abnormalities youth Depress"},{"key":"8045_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beckmann FE, Gruber H, Seidenbecher S, Schirmer ST, Metzger CD, Tozzi L, et al. Specific alterations of resting-state functional connectivity in the triple network related to comorbid anxiety in major depressive disorder. Hum Brain Mapp. 2024;59(7):1819\u201332.","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.16249"},{"key":"8045_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang M, Chen T, He ZY, Chan LWC, Guo Q, Cai SY, et al. Altered dynamic functional connectivity in antagonistic state in first-episode, drug-na\u00efve patients with major depressive disorder. BMC Psychiatry. 2024;24(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-024-06356-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"8045_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22556","volume":"34","author":"LM Williams","year":"2017","unstructured":"Williams LM. Defining biotypes for depression and anxiety based on large-scale circuit dysfunction: a theoretical review of the evidence and future directions for clinical translation. Depress Anxiety. 2017;34(1):9\u201324.","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"8045_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harvey P-O, Fossati P, Pochon J-B, Levy R, LeBastard G, Leh\u00e9ricy S, et al. Cognitive control and brain resources in major depression: an fMRI study using the n-back task. Neuroimage. 2005;26(3):860\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.02.048"},{"issue":"1","key":"8045_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2011.06.001","volume":"77","author":"SC Jacobson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jacobson SC, Blanchard M, Connolly CC, Cannon M, Garavan H. An fMRI investigation of a novel analogue to the Trail-Making Test. Brain Cogn. 2011;77(1):60\u201370.","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"8045_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2018.03.031","volume":"115","author":"A Varjacic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Varjacic A, Mantini D, Demeyere N, Gillebert CR. Neural signatures of Trail Making Test performance: Evidence from lesion-mapping and neuroimaging studies. Neuropsychologia. 2018;115:78\u201387.","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"4","key":"8045_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2450018","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129065724500187","volume":"34","author":"L Jiang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jiang L, Eickhoff SB, Genon S, Wang G, Yi C, He R, et al. Multimodal Covariance Network Reflects Individual Cognitive Flexibility. Int J Neural Syst. 2024;34(4):2450018.","journal-title":"Int J Neural Syst"},{"issue":"10","key":"8045_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2025.07.031","volume":"32","author":"Y Cui","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cui Y, Lu R, Liang X, Li J, Zhang H, Li D, et al. Intrinsic Brain Activity Mediates the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Young Adults in Higher Education: A Resting-State fMRI Study Based on Amplitude of Low-frequency Fluctuation. Acad Radiol. 2025;32(10):6158\u201368.","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"8045_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsuboi H, Sakakibara H, Minamida Y, Tsujiguchi H, Matsunaga M, Hara A, et al. Elevated levels of serum IL-17A in community-dwelling women with higher depressive symptoms. Sci Rep. 2018;8(11):102.","DOI":"10.3390\/bs8110102"},{"key":"8045_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mao L, Ren X, Wang X, Tian FJ. Associations between autoimmunity and depression: serum IL-6 and IL-17 have direct impact on the HAMD scores in patients with first-episode depressive disorder. J Immunol Res. 2022;2022:6724881","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6724881"},{"key":"8045_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davami MH, Baharlou R, Vasmehjani AA, Ghanizadeh A, Keshtkar M, Dezhkam I, et al. Elevated IL-17 and TGF-\u03b2 serum levels: a positive correlation between T-helper 17 cell-related pro-inflammatory responses with major depressive disorder. Basic Clin Neurosci. 2016;7(2):137.","DOI":"10.15412\/J.BCN.03070207"},{"key":"8045_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kebir H, Kreymborg K, Ifergan I, Dodelet-Devillers A, Cayrol R, Bernard M, et al. Human TH17 lymphocytes promote blood-brain barrier disruption and central nervous system inflammation. Nat Med. 2007;13(10):1173\u20135.","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1651"},{"key":"8045_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brigas HC, Ribeiro M, Coelho JE, Gomes R, Gomez-Murcia V, Carvalho K, et al. IL-17 triggers onset Cogn synaptic deficits early stages Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2021;36(9).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109574"},{"key":"8045_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bli\u017aniewska-Kowalska K, Halaris A, Ga\u0142ecki P, Ga\u0142ecka MJJOADR. Role of interleukin 17 (IL-17) in the inflammatory hypothesis of depression. J Affect Disord Rep. 2023;14:100610.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadr.2023.100610"},{"issue":"5","key":"8045_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.08.001","volume":"99","author":"SA Syed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Syed SA, Beurel E, Loewenstein DA, Lowell JA, Craighead WE, Dunlop BW, et al. Defective Inflammatory Pathways in Never-Treated Depressed Patients Are Associated with Poor Treatment Response. Neuron. 2018;99(5):914\u2013.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"8045_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nava RG, Adri AS, Filgueiras IS, N\u00f3bile AL, Barcelos PM, Corr\u00eaa YLG, et al. Modulation of neuroimmune cytokine networks by antidepressants: implications in mood regulation. Front Psychiatry. 2025;15(1):314.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-025-03532-y"},{"key":"8045_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2022.155828","volume":"153","author":"K Matsushima","year":"2022","unstructured":"Matsushima K, Yang D, Oppenheim JJ. Interleukin-8: An evolving chemokine. Cytokine. 2022;153:155828.","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"1","key":"8045_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01268-z","volume":"11","author":"JL Kruse","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kruse JL, Vasavada MM, Olmstead R, Hellemann G, Wade B, Breen EC, et al. Depression treatment response to ketamine: sex-specific role of interleukin-8, but not other inflammatory markers. Transl Psychiatry. 2021;11(1):167.","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"8045_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.11.017","volume":"370","author":"Y Kang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kang Y, Shin D, Kim A, Tae WS, Ham BJ, Han KM. Resting-state functional connectivity is correlated with peripheral inflammatory markers in patients with major depressive disorder and healthy controls. J Affect Disord. 2025;370:207\u201316.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"8045_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Versel J, Cantos A, Castillo MFR, Fatourou E, Sinacore J, Halaris AJ. Interleukin-8 is a potential inflammation biomarker in major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord Rep. 2024;17:100828.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadr.2024.100828"},{"key":"8045_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai Y, Zhu ZH, Li RH, Yin XY, Chen RF, Man LJ, et al. Association between increased serum interleukin-8 levels and improved cognition in major depressive patients with SSRIs. Front Psychiatry. 2023;23(1):122.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-04616-z"}],"container-title":["BMC Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12888-026-08045-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12888-026-08045-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12888-026-08045-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:49:53Z","timestamp":1779151793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12888-026-08045-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8045"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-026-08045-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-244X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-244X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Chengdu Mental Health Center (approval number: CDMHLL-2017008), in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their participation in the study (or their legal guardians if they were under 18 years old).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"399"}}