{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:37:25Z","timestamp":1792787845515,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,27]],"date-time":"2016-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472256000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"DFID UKaid","award":["COMDIS-HSD RPC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COMDIS-HSD RPC"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3541-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,27]],"date-time":"2016-08-27T08:17:49Z","timestamp":1472285869000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Rational use of antibiotics by community health workers and caregivers for children with suspected pneumonia in Zambia: a cross-sectional mixed methods study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Kirstie","family":"Graham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chomba","family":"Sinyangwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarala","family":"Nicholas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Mukupa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"K\u00e4llander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Counihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Montague","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Tibenderana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prudence","family":"Hamade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"3541_CR1","volume-title":"Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014."},{"key":"3541_CR2","volume-title":"Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015."},{"issue":"5","key":"3541_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.11.088435","volume":"89","author":"E Leung","year":"2011","unstructured":"Leung E, Weil DE, Raviglione M, Nakatani H, World Health Organization World Health Day Antimicrobial Resistance Technical Working Group. The WHO policy package to combat antimicrobial resistance. Bull World Health Organ. 2011;89(5):390\u20132.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"3541_CR4","volume-title":"WHO global strategy for containment of antimicrobial resistance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2001","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO global strategy for containment of antimicrobial resistance. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2001."},{"issue":"7159","key":"3541_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7159.647","volume":"317","author":"CA Hart","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hart CA, Kariuki S. Antimicrobial resistance in developing countries. Br Med J. 1998;317(7159):647\u201350.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"12","key":"3541_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.10.084236","volume":"88","author":"KSJ Weerasuriya","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weerasuriya KSJ, O\u2019Brien TF. Containing antimicrobial resistance: a renewed effort. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88(12):878.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"9875","key":"3541_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60222-6","volume":"381","author":"CLF Walker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Walker CLF, Rudan I, Liu L, Nair H, Theodoratou E, Bhutta ZA, O\u2019Brien KL, Campbell H, Black RE. Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea. Lancet. 2013;381(9875):1405\u201316.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9996","key":"3541_CR8","first-page":"430","volume":"385","author":"L Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu L, Oza S, Hogan D, Perin J, Rudan I, Lawn JE, Cousens S, Mathers C, Black RE. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2000\u201313, with projections to inform post-2015 priorities: an updated systematic analysis. Lancet. 2014;385(9996):430\u201340.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"3541_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70318-9","volume":"13","author":"R Laxminarayan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Laxminarayan R, Duse A, Wattal C, Zaidi AK, Wertheim HF, Sumpradit N, Vlieghe E, Hara GL, Gould IM, Goossens H, et al. Antibiotic resistance-the need for global solutions. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013;13(12):1057\u201398.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"3541_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Druetz T, Siekmans K, Goossens S, Ridde V, Haddad S. The community case management of pneumonia in Africa: a review of the evidence. Health Policy Plan. 2013. doi: 10.1093\/heapol\/czt104 .","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czt104"},{"key":"3541_CR11","volume-title":"Zambia 2010 census of population and housing: preliminary population figures","author":"Republic of Zambia Central Statistical Office","year":"2011","unstructured":"Republic of Zambia Central Statistical Office. Zambia 2010 census of population and housing: preliminary population figures. Lusaka: Republic of Zambia Central Statistical Office; 2011."},{"issue":"3","key":"3541_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0152204","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152204","volume":"11","author":"C Sinyangwe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sinyangwe C, Graham K, Nicholas S, King R, Mukupa S, Kallander K, Counihan H, Montague M, Tibenderana J, Hamade P. Assessing the quality of care for pneumonia in integrated community case management: a cross-sectional mixed methods study. PLoS One. 2016;11(3):e0152204.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"3541_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2005.06.001","volume":"19","author":"EJ Halcomb","year":"2006","unstructured":"Halcomb EJ, Davidson PM. Is verbatim transcription of interview data always necessary? Appl Nurs Res. 2006;19(1):38\u201342.","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"3541_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02831.x","volume":"16","author":"D Mukanga","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mukanga D, Babirye R, Peterson S, Pariyo GW, Ojiambo G, Tibenderana JK, Nsubuga P, Kallander K. Can lay community health workers be trained to use diagnostics to distinguish and treat malaria and pneumonia in children? Lessons from rural Uganda. Tropical Med Int Health. 2011;16(10):1234\u201342.","journal-title":"Tropical Med Int Health"},{"key":"3541_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-11-282","volume":"11","author":"JN Kalyango","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kalyango JN, Rutebemberwa E, Alfven T, Ssali S, Peterson S, Karamagi C. Performance of community health workers under integrated community case management of childhood illnesses in eastern Uganda. Malar J. 2012;11:282.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"3541_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0800","volume":"87","author":"H Counihan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Counihan H, Harvey SA, Sekeseke-Chinyama M, Hamainza B, Banda R, Malambo T, Masaninga F, Bell D. Community health workers use malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) safely and accurately: results of a longitudinal study in Zambia. AmJTrop Med Hyg. 2012;87(1):57\u201363.","journal-title":"AmJTrop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"12","key":"3541_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28944","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0028944","volume":"6","author":"F Baiden","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baiden F, Owusu-Agyei S, Bawah J, Bruce J, Tivura M, Delmini R, Gyaase S, Amenga-Etego S, Chandramohan D, Webster J. An evaluation of the clinical assessments of under-five febrile children presenting to primary health facilities in rural Ghana. PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28944.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"3541_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.12-0389","volume":"87","author":"CV Cardemil","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cardemil CV, Gilroy KE, Callaghan-Koru JA, Nsona H, Bryce J. Comparison of methods for assessing quality of care for community case management of sick children: an application with community health workers in Malawi. AmJTrop Med Hyg. 2012;87(5 Suppl):127\u201336.","journal-title":"AmJTrop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"2","key":"3541_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0751","volume":"91","author":"NP Miller","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miller NP, Amouzou A, Tafesse M, Hazel E, Legesse H, Degefie T, Victora CG, Black RE, Bryce J. Integrated Community Case Management of Childhood Illness in Ethiopia: Implementation Strength and Quality of Care. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014;91(2):424\u201334.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"8","key":"3541_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(95)00387-8","volume":"42","author":"P Paredes","year":"1996","unstructured":"Paredes P, de la Pe\u00f1a M, Flores-Guerra E, Diaz J, Trostle J. Factors influencing physicians\u2019 prescribing behaviour in the treatment of childhood diarrhoea: knowledge may not be the clue. Soc Sci Med. 1996;42(8):1141\u201353.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"3541_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(02)00478-1","volume":"57","author":"N Howteerakul","year":"2003","unstructured":"Howteerakul N, Higginbotham N, Freeman S, Dibley MJ. ORS is never enough: physician rationales for altering standard treatment guidelines when managing childhood diarrhoea in Thailand. Soc Sci Med. 2003;57(6):1031\u201344.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"3541_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czm046","volume":"23","author":"CIR Chandler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chandler CIR, Mwangi R, Mbakilwa H, Olomi R, Whitty CJM, Reyburn H. Malaria overdiagnosis: is patient pressure the problem? Health Policy Plan. 2008;23(3):170\u20138.","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan"},{"key":"3541_CR23","unstructured":"Akuse R, Eseigbe E, Ahmed A, Brieger W. Combating Antibiotic Resistance In Tropical Countries\u201a Don\u2019t Ignore Patent Medicine Vendors. Internet J Prev Med. 2012;1(2):1\u201311."},{"issue":"7","key":"3541_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.959","volume":"14","author":"K Hanson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hanson K, McPake B, Nakamba P, Archard L. Preferences for hospital quality in Zambia: results from a discrete choice experiment. Health Econ. 2005;14(7):687\u2013701.","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"key":"3541_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haider BA, Lassi ZS, Bhutta ZA. Short-course versus long-course antibiotic therapy for non-severe community-acquired pneumonia in children aged 2\u00a0months to 59\u00a0months. The Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008(2). doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD005976.pub2","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005976.pub2"},{"issue":"3","key":"3541_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e60481","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060481","volume":"8","author":"JN Kalyango","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kalyango JN, Rutebemberwa E, Karamagi C, Mworozi E, Ssali S, Alfven T, Peterson S. High adherence to antimalarials and antibiotics under integrated community case management of illness in children less than 5 years in eastern Uganda. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e60481.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"60","key":"3541_CR27","first-page":"445","volume":"10","author":"P Kardas","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kardas P, Ratajczyk-Pakalska E. Patient adherence in respiratory tract infections: ceftibuten versus other antibiotics (PARTICULAR study). Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2001;10(60):445\u20139.","journal-title":"Pol Merkur Lekarski"},{"issue":"7","key":"3541_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01654.x","volume":"11","author":"AM Chinbuah","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chinbuah AM, Gyapong JO, Pagnoni F, Wellington EK, Gyapong M. Feasibility and acceptability of the use of artemether-lumefantrine in the home management of uncomplicated malaria in children 6\u201359 months old in Ghana. Trop Med Int Health. 2006;11(7):1003\u201316.","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"3541_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-349","volume":"10","author":"H Lemma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lemma H, Lofgren C, San Sebastian M. Adherence to a six-dose regimen of artemether-lumefantrine among uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum patients in the Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Malar J. 2011;10:349.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"5","key":"3541_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2004.71.525","volume":"71","author":"C Fogg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fogg C, Bajunirwe F, Piola P, Biraro S, Checchi F, Kiguli J, Namiiro P, Musabe J, Kyomugisha A, Guthmann J-P. Adherence to a six-dose regimen of artemether-lumefantrine for treatment of uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria in Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004;71(5):525\u201330.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"3541_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-7-190","volume":"7","author":"IO Ajayi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ajayi IO, Browne EN, Bateganya F, Yar D, Happi C, Falade CO, Gbotosho GO, Yusuf B, Boateng S, Mugittu K, et al. Effectiveness of artemisinin-based combination therapy used in the context of home management of malaria: a report from three study sites in sub-Saharan Africa. Malar J. 2008;7:190.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"5","key":"3541_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050100","volume":"353","author":"L Osterberg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Osterberg L, Blaschke T. Adherence to medication. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(5):487\u201397.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"3541_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(01)80109-0","volume":"23","author":"AJ Claxton","year":"2001","unstructured":"Claxton AJ, Cramer J, Pierce C. A systematic review of the associations between dose regimens and medication compliance. Clin Ther. 2001;23(8):1296\u2013310.","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"3541_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-112","volume":"14","author":"M Yu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yu M, Zhao G, St\u00e5lsby Lundborg C, Zhu Y, Zhao Q, Xu B. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of parents in rural China on the use of antibiotics in children: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14(1):112.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"3541_CR35","first-page":"183","volume":"81","author":"A Hadi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hadi A. Management of acute respiratory infections by community health volunteers: experience of Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC). Bull World Health Organ. 2003;81(3):183\u20139.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"}],"container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-016-3541-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-016-3541-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-016-3541-8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-016-3541-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]],"date-time":"2019-09-12T20:57:13Z","timestamp":1568321833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12889-016-3541-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,27]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-016-3541-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2458"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2458","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,27]]},"article-number":"897"}}