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Recent HIV infection (RHI) serves as an indicator of early detection in the course of HIV infection. Surveillance of RHI is important in uncovering at-risk groups in which HIV transmission is ongoing. The study objectives are to estimate the proportion of RHI among persons newly-diagnosed in 2013\u20132017, and to elucidate epidemiological factors associated with RHI in Singapore.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>As part of the National HIV Molecular Surveillance Programme, residual plasma samples of treatment-na\u00efve HIV-1 positive individuals were tested using the biotinylated peptide-capture enzyme immunoassay with a cutoff of normalized optical density\u2009\u2264\u20090.8 for evidence of RHI. A recent infection testing algorithm was applied for the classification of RHI. We identified risk factors associated with RHI using logistic regression analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 701 newly-diagnosed HIV-infected persons were included in the study. The median age at HIV diagnosis was 38\u2009years (interquartile range, 28\u201351). The majority were men (94.2%), and sexual route was the predominant mode of HIV transmission (98.3%). Overall, 133\/701 (19.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 16.2\u201322.0%) were classified as RHI. The proportions of RHI in 2015 (31.1%) and 2017 (31.0%) were significantly higher than in 2014 (11.2%). A significantly higher proportion of men having sex with men (23.4, 95% CI 19.6\u201327.6%) had RHI compared with heterosexual men (11.1, 95% CI 7.6\u201315.9%). Independent factors associated with RHI were: age 15\u201324\u2009years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.18, 95% CI 1.69\u201310.31) compared with \u226555\u2009years; HIV diagnosis in 2015 (aOR 2.36, 95% CI 1.25\u20134.46) and 2017 (aOR 2.52, 95% CI 1.32\u20134.80) compared with 2013\u20132014; detection via voluntary testing (aOR 1.91, 95% CI 1.07\u20133.43) compared with medical care; and self-reported history of HIV test(s) prior to diagnosis (aOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.06\u20132.81).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although there appears to be an increasing trend towards early diagnosis, persons with RHI remain a minority in Singapore. The strong associations observed between modifiable behaviors (voluntary testing and HIV testing history) and RHI highlight the importance of increasing the accessibility to HIV testing for at-risk groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10478-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T13:04:15Z","timestamp":1614690255000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Epidemiological factors associated with recent HIV infection among newly-diagnosed cases in Singapore, 2013\u20132017"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Li Wei","family":"Ang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen Seong","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irving Charles","family":"Boudville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias Paul Han Sim","family":"Toh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Archuleta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vernon Jian Ming","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yee Sin","family":"Leo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond Tzer-Pin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10478_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70692-3","volume":"14","author":"B Grinsztejn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Grinsztejn B, Hosseinipour MC, Ribaudo HJ, Swindells S, Eron J, Chen YQ, et al. 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