{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T06:05:03Z","timestamp":1774418703916,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Research focusing on the association between serum vitamin D and oral health outcomes in children, such as dental caries and molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), shows inconsistent results. Previous studies have predominantly investigated dental caries and MIH as dichotomized outcomes, which limits the information on their distribution. In addition, the methods used for analysing serum vitamin D have varied. The present study aimed to investigate potential associations between serum vitamin D status measured by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS) and the prevalence, as well as the number of teeth, affected by dental caries or MIH among 7\u20139-year-old Norwegian children.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study had a cross-sectional design and included 101 children aged 7\u20139\u2009years. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured and included as continuous (per 25\u2009nmol\/l) and categorised (insufficient (&lt;\u200950\u2009nmol\/l) and sufficient (\u226550\u2009nmol\/l)) exposure variables. Adjusted negative binomial hurdle models were used to investigate the potential associations between serum vitamin D and the oral health outcomes (dental caries and MIH) adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, season of blood draw, and mother\u2019s educational level.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Of the 101 children in the total sample, 27% had insufficient vitamin D levels (&lt;\u200950\u2009nmol\/l). The descriptive analysis indicated that the children with insufficient vitamin D levels had a higher prevalence (33.3%) and a higher number of teeth affected by dental caries (mean (SD)\u2009=\u20090.7 (1.4)), compared to children with sufficient levels of vitamin D (21.6% and mean (SD)\u2009=\u20090.4 (0.8), respectively). The same holds for MIH, with a higher prevalence (38.5%) and a higher number of teeth affected (mean (SD)\u2009=\u20091.2 (2.3)), compared to children with sufficient levels of vitamin D (30.1% and mean (SD)\u2009=\u20090.8 (1.6), respectively). However, in the adjusted hurdle model analysis, neither the prevalence or number of teeth affected by caries or MIH showed statistically significant associations with having insufficient or lower vitamin D levels.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Vitamin D status was not significantly associated with the prevalence and number of teeth affected by caries and MIH among the participating children. Large prospective studies with multiple serum vitamin D measurements and oral examinations throughout childhood are warranted to elucidate the relationship.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-17745-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T07:03:33Z","timestamp":1705907013000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The association between serum vitamin D status and dental caries or molar incisor hypomineralisation in 7\u20139-year-old Norwegian children: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Torunn","family":"B\u00f8rsting","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tone Natland","family":"Fagerhaug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Schuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"van Dommelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Signe Nilssen","family":"Stafne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siv","family":"M\u00f8rkved","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Astrid Kamilla","family":"Stunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam K.","family":"Gustafsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Unni","family":"Syversen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Qian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marit S.","family":"Skeie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"17745_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051471","volume":"12","author":"J Botelho","year":"2020","unstructured":"Botelho J, Machado V, Proen\u00e7a L, Delgado AS, Mendes JJ. 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Ethical approvals from the Norwegian Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research (REK) were acquired before the initiation of the original TRIP-study (4.2007.81), the 7-year follow-up (2014\/618\/REK midt), the TRIP-tann oral health sub-study (2015\/639\/REK s\u00f8r-\u00f8st) and the TRIP-bein sub-study (REK nr 2015\/2028). Informed consent was given by the parents\/legal guardians of all the children participating in the oral examination and all the children who gave blood samples.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"246"}}