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Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were used to demonstrate the associations of PAM and PAT with the primary outcome. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine the associations between thyroid biochemical indicators\/diseases and PAM\/PAT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our study revealed noticeable sex differences in daily PA among the participants. The odds ratio of the fourth versus the first quartile of PAM was 3.07 (confidence interval, CI [1.24, 7.58],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02) for overt hypothyroidism, 3.25 (CI [1.12, 9.45],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03) for subclinical hyperthyroidism in adult men. PAT in the range of 633\u20131520\u00a0min\/week was found to be associated with the occurrence of subclinical hyperthyroidism [\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, OR (95% CI)\u2009=\u20095.89 (1.85, 18.80)], PAT of the range of\u2009&gt;\u20091520\u00a0min\/week was found to be associated with the occurrence of overt hypothyroidism [\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, OR (95% CI)\u2009=\u20098.70 (2.80, 27.07)] and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) [\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03, OR (95% CI)\u2009=\u20091.42 (1.03, 1.97)] in adult men. When PAM\u2009&lt;\u20095000 MET*minutes\/week or PAT\u2009&lt;\u20091000\u00a0min\/week, RCS showed an L-shaped curve for TSH and an inverted U-shaped curve for FT4. The changes in FT3 and TT3 in men were linearly positively correlated with PAM and PAT, while TT4 is linearly negatively correlated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The amount of daily physical activity of American adults is strongly associated with changes in thyroid function, including thyroid hormone levels and thyroid diseases. Thyroid hormone levels were varied to a certain extent with changes in PAM and PAT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18768-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T01:02:12Z","timestamp":1715302932000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Association between physical activity and thyroid function in American adults: a survey from the NHANES database"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Lijun","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cihang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiping","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"18768_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2009-0007","volume":"31","author":"S-Y Cheng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cheng S-Y, Leonard JL, Davis PJ. 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