{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T21:36:38Z","timestamp":1793914598706,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The presence of sensory impairment among older age cohorts exerts a significant impact on both individuals and society generally. Although the impact of dietary patterns on health is vital across all stages of life, there still a paucity of comprehensive research on the association between dietary variety and sensory impairments.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To investigate the potential relationship between dietary diversity and the prevalence of visual and hearing impairment or dual sensory impairments (visual and hearing impairment) among the oldest old population.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This is a cross-sectional study relied on data obtained from the 2018 survey conducted by the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Subjects aged 80 and older with complete vision and hearing data were included in the study. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed to examine the association between dietary components and visual and hearing impairment while controlling for age, gender, socioeconomic demographic factors, living habits, other food habits, and general health status.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study included 10,093 participants, with an average age of 92.29\u2009\u00b1\u20097.75\u00a0years. Vision and hearing function were assessed based on the ability to distinguish the direction of the break in the circle and the requirement for hearing aids, respectively. Upon controlling for confounding variables, individuals with a greater Dietary Diversity Score (DDS, the number of food groups, range: 1\u201311) had a reduced likelihood of experiencing visual impairment (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20090.944, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.915\u20140.974) and dual sensory impairment (OR\u2009=\u20090.930, 95% CI, 0.905\u20140.955). In comparison to the low dietary variety group (insufficient dietary diversity, DDS\u2009&lt;\u20094), the high dietary diversity group (sufficient dietary diversity, DDS\u2009\u2265\u20094) exhibited a decreased risk of visual impairment (OR\u2009=\u20090.820, 95% CI, 0.713\u20140.944) and dual sensory impairment (OR\u2009=\u20090.751, 95% CI, 0.667\u20140.846). However, no statistically significant correlation was observed between dietary diversity and the presence of only hearing impairment (OR\u2009=\u20090.924, 95% CI, 0.815\u20141.047) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions\u00a0and implications<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The synthesis of research findings suggests that following diverse dietary patterns and healthy nutritional practices may be an effective and affordable way to prevent age-related decline in visual impairment and dual sensory impairment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19482-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T19:01:41Z","timestamp":1722020501000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Association of vision and hearing impairment and dietary diversity among the oldest old in China: findings from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuhao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhidong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junxiong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haishun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingting","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehong","family":"Zhuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"19482_CR1","unstructured":"Ageing and health. Accessed August 12, 2023. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/ageing-and-health."},{"key":"19482_CR2","unstructured":"Decade of Healthy Ageing: Plan of Action. Accessed 16 June 2024. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/m\/item\/decade-of-healthy-ageing-plan-of-action."},{"key":"19482_CR3","unstructured":"Oldest Old | Encyclopedia.com. Accessed 12 Aug 2023. https:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/social-sciences\/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps\/oldest-old."},{"issue":"10079","key":"19482_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30548-2","volume":"389","author":"Y Zeng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zeng Y, Feng Q, Hesketh T, Christensen K, Vaupel J. Improvements in survival and activities of daily living despite declines in physical and cognitive functioning among the oldest-old in China \u2013 Evidence from a cohort study. Lancet Lond Engl. 2017;389(10079):1619\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30548-2.","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"4","key":"19482_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1177\/1084713807308365","volume":"11","author":"GH Saunders","year":"2007","unstructured":"Saunders GH, Echt KV. An Overview of Dual Sensory Impairment in Older Adults: Perspectives for Rehabilitation. Trends Amplif. 2007;11(4):243\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1084713807308365.","journal-title":"Trends Amplif"},{"issue":"5","key":"19482_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001905","volume":"3","author":"T Bright","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bright T, Ramke J, Zhang JH, et al. Prevalence and impact of combined vision and hearing (dual sensory) impairment: A scoping review. PLOS Glob Public Health. 2023;3(5): e0001905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001905.","journal-title":"PLOS Glob Public Health"},{"key":"19482_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators; Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet Glob Health. 2020;9(2):e144-e160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30489-7.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30489-7"},{"key":"19482_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators; Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Trends in prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment over 30 years: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet Glob Health. 2021;9(2):e130-e143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30425-3.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30425-3"},{"key":"19482_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Albertini JA. Deafness and Hearing Loss. In: Weiner IB, Craighead WE, eds. The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology. 1st ed. Wiley; 2010:1\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9780470479216.corpsy0251.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470479216.corpsy0251"},{"issue":"11","key":"19482_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e39314","DOI":"10.2196\/39314","volume":"8","author":"Q Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Q, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhao D, Zhou C. Dual Sensory Impairment as a Predictor of Loneliness and Isolation in Older Adults: National Cohort Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2022;8(11):e39314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/39314.\u00a0 Published 2022 Nov 14","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill."},{"issue":"7","key":"19482_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2021.1557","volume":"139","author":"M Parravano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Parravano M, Petri D, Maurutto E, et al. Association Between Visual Impairment and Depression in Patients Attending Eye Clinics: A Meta-analysis. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2021;139(7):753\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2021.1557.","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"19482_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rong H, Lai X, Jing R, Wang X, Fang H, Mahmoudi E. Association of Sensory Impairments With Cognitive Decline and Depression Among Older Adults in China.\u00a0JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(9):e2014186. Published 2020 Sep 1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.14186.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.14186"},{"key":"19482_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Armstrong NM, Vieira Ligo Teixeira C, Gendron C, et al. Associations of dual sensory impairment with incident mobility and ADL difficulty.\u00a0J Am Geriatr Soc. 2022;70(7):1997\u20132007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.17764.","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.17764"},{"key":"19482_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"08008","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.11.08008","volume":"11","author":"X Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao X, Zhou Y, Wei K, et al. Associations of sensory impairment and cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese population: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. J Glob Health. 2021;11:08008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7189\/jogh.11.08008. Published 2021 Dec 18.","journal-title":"J Glob Health."},{"issue":"4","key":"19482_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa285","volume":"50","author":"H Parada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Parada H, Laughlin GA, Yang M, Nedjat-Haiem FR, McEvoy LK. Dual impairments in visual and hearing acuity and age-related cognitive decline in older adults from the Rancho Bernardo Study of Healthy Aging. Age Ageing. 2021;50(4):1268\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afaa285.","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"12","key":"19482_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.3982","volume":"138","author":"AF Shakarchi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shakarchi AF, Assi L, Ehrlich JR, Deal JA, Reed NS, Swenor BK. Dual Sensory Impairment and Perceived Everyday Discrimination in the United States. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2020;138(12):1227\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.3982.","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"19482_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e211846","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.1846","volume":"4","author":"E Mahmoudi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mahmoudi E. Hearing, Vision, or Dual Sensory Impairment and Dementia Risk. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(3) Published 2021 Mar 1.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open."},{"issue":"2","key":"19482_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-020-1319-2","volume":"24","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Ge M, Zhao W, et al. Sensory Impairment and All-Cause Mortality Among the Oldest-Old: Findings from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). J Nutr Health Aging. 2020;24(2):132\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12603-020-1319-2.","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"8","key":"19482_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.12.029","volume":"128","author":"X Shang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shang X, Zhu Z, Wang W, Ha J, He M. The Association between Vision Impairment and Incidence of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ophthalmology. 2021;128(8):1135\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.12.029.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"19482_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353624","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1353624","volume":"11","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Deng C, Wang J. Effects and potential mechanisms of exercise and physical activity on eye health and ocular diseases. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024;11:1353624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2024.1353624. Published 2024 Mar 22.","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)."},{"issue":"2","key":"19482_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14089","volume":"32","author":"R Kawakami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kawakami R, Sawada SS, Kato K, et al. Leisure-time physical activity and incidence of objectively assessed hearing loss: The Niigata Wellness Study. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2022;32(2):435\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sms.14089.","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"1","key":"19482_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-020-00995-8","volume":"17","author":"D Moreno-Agostino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moreno-Agostino D, Daskalopoulou C, Wu YT, et al. The impact of physical activity on healthy ageing trajectories: evidence from eight cohort studies. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020;17(1):92. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12966-020-00995-8. Published 2020 Jul 16.","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act."},{"key":"19482_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496462","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1496462","volume":"2020","author":"AWC Man","year":"2020","unstructured":"Man AWC, Li H, Xia N. Impact of Lifestyles (Diet and Exercise) on Vascular Health: Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Function. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020;2020:1496462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/1496462. Published 2020 Sep 26.","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev."},{"issue":"2","key":"19482_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.06.012","volume":"8","author":"MD Piper","year":"2008","unstructured":"Piper MD, Bartke A. Diet and aging. Cell Metab. 2008;8(2):99\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.06.012.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"19482_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2020.06.008","volume":"36","author":"M Black","year":"2020","unstructured":"Black M, Bowman M. Nutrition and Healthy Aging. Clin Geriatr Med. 2020;36(4):655\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cger.2020.06.008.","journal-title":"Clin Geriatr Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"19482_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4310","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124310","volume":"13","author":"SSY Yeung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yeung SSY, Kwan M, Woo J. Healthy Diet for Healthy Aging. Nutrients. 2021;13(12):4310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13124310. Published 2021 Nov 29.","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"19482_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Heidari-Beni M, Hemati Z, Qorbani M. The Dietary Diversity Score. In: Patel VB, Preedy VR, eds. Biomarkers in Nutrition. Springer International Publishing; 2022:1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-81304-8_17-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-81304-8_17-1"},{"key":"19482_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2022.111501","volume":"158","author":"H Duan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Duan H, Pan J, Guo M, Li J, Yu L, Fan L. Dietary strategies with anti-aging potential: Dietary patterns and supplements. Food Res Int. 2022;158: 111501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodres.2022.111501.","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"19482_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02606-y","volume":"21","author":"L Han","year":"2021","unstructured":"Han L, Jia J. Long-term effects of alcohol consumption on cognitive function in seniors: a cohort study in China. BMC Geriatr. 2021;21(1):699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-021-02606-y. Published 2021 Dec 15.","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"20","key":"19482_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4279","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14204279","volume":"14","author":"J Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang J, Wang Q, Hao W, Zhu D. Long-Term Food Variety and Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Frailty among Chinese Older Adults: A Cohort Study Based on CLHLS from 2014 to 2018. Nutrients. 2022;14(20):4279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14204279. Published 2022 Oct 13.","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"19482_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020364","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.1020364","volume":"9","author":"Y Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu Y, Cao N, He A, Jiang J. Age and cohort trends of the impact of socioeconomic status on dietary diversity among Chinese older adults from the perspective of urban-rural differences: A prospective cohort study based on CLHLS 2002\u20132018. Front Nutr. 2022;9:1020364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2022.1020364. Published 2022 Oct 20.","journal-title":"Front Nutr."},{"issue":"9","key":"19482_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14091730","volume":"14","author":"S Aihemaitijiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aihemaitijiang S, Zhang L, Ye C, et al. Long-Term High Dietary Diversity Maintains Good Physical Function in Chinese Elderly: A Cohort Study Based on CLHLS from 2011 to 2018. Nutrients. 2022;14(9):1730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14091730. Published 2022 Apr 21.","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"19482_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18170\/DVN\/WBO7LK","author":"Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies","year":"2020","unstructured":"Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies. The Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)-Longitudinal Data (1998\u20132018). Published online. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18170\/DVN\/WBO7LK.","journal-title":"Published online"},{"issue":"4","key":"19482_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428114548590","volume":"17","author":"DA Newman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Newman DA. Missing Data: Five Practical Guidelines. Organ Res Methods. 2014;17(4):372\u2013411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1094428114548590.","journal-title":"Organ Res Methods"},{"key":"19482_CR35","unstructured":"Healthy ageing and functional ability. Accessed August 12, 2023. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/questions-and-answers\/item\/healthy-ageing-and-functional-ability."},{"key":"19482_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2020.10.015","volume":"143","author":"B Gopinath","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gopinath B, Liew G, Burlutsky G, McMahon CM, Mitchell P. Association between vision and hearing impairment and successful aging over five years. Maturitas. 2021;143:203\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.maturitas.2020.10.015.","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"8","key":"19482_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B324","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/54.8.b324","volume":"54","author":"N de Jong","year":"1999","unstructured":"de Jong N, Mulder I, de Graaf C, van Staveren WA. Impaired sensory functioning in elders: the relation with its potential determinants and nutritional intake. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1999;54(8):B324\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/54.8.b324.","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"19482_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807383","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.807383","volume":"14","author":"Q Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Q, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhao D, Chen X, Zhou C. The Effect of Dual Sensory Impairment and Multimorbidity Patterns on Functional Impairment: A Longitudinal Cohort of Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022;14 Published 2022 Apr 8.","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci."},{"issue":"9","key":"19482_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2020.1865581","volume":"60","author":"V Lohi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lohi V, Ohtonen P, Sorri M, M\u00e4ki-Torkko E, Hannula S. Prevalence and incidence of hearing impairment among adults: a 13-year follow-up study. Int J Audiol. 2021;60(9):687\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14992027.2020.1865581.","journal-title":"Int J Audiol"},{"key":"19482_CR40","unstructured":"China Hearing Medicine Development Foundation, Long Mo, Zheng Xiaoying, et al. China Hearing Health Report (2021)."},{"key":"19482_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chader GJ, Taylor A. Preface: The aging eye: normal changes, age-related diseases, and sight-saving approaches.\u00a0Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54(14):ORSF1-ORSF4. Published 2013 Dec 13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.13-12993.","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12993"},{"key":"19482_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-111815-114550","volume":"2","author":"C Owsley","year":"2016","unstructured":"Owsley C. Vision and Aging. Annu Rev Vis Sci. 2016;2:255\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-vision-111815-114550.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Vis Sci"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"19482_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i76","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbp048","volume":"64","author":"LP Schumm","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schumm LP, McClintock M, Williams S, et al. Assessment of sensory function in the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2009;64(Suppl 1):i76\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geronb\/gbp048.","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci."},{"issue":"20","key":"19482_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4018","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16204018","volume":"16","author":"C Pan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pan C, Fan Q, Yang J, Deng D. Health Inequality Among the Elderly in Rural China and Influencing Factors: Evidence from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20):4018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16204018.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"issue":"6","key":"19482_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuaa100","volume":"79","author":"GK Broadhead","year":"2021","unstructured":"Broadhead GK, Hong T, Bahrami B, Flood V, Liew G, Chang AA. Diet and risk of visual impairment: a review of dietary factors and risk of common causes of visual impairment. Nutr Rev. 2021;79(6):636\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nutrit\/nuaa100.","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"19482_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14102028","volume":"14","author":"A Gastaldello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gastaldello A, Giampieri F, Quiles JL, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean-Style Eating Pattern and Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. Nutrients. 2022;14(10):2028. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14102028. Published 2022 May 12.","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"9","key":"19482_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2862","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092862","volume":"12","author":"SG Francisco","year":"2020","unstructured":"Francisco SG, Smith KM, Aragon\u00e8s G, et al. Dietary Patterns, Carbohydrates, and Age-Related Eye Diseases. Nutrients. 2020;12(9):2862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12092862. Published 2020 Sep 18.","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"3","key":"19482_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.09.032","volume":"126","author":"RE Hogg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hogg RE, Woodside JV. Mediterranean Diet and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Is It Time to Attempt Dietary Modification? Ophthalmology. 2019;126(3):391\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.09.032.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"19482_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11092123","volume":"11","author":"JG Lawrenson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lawrenson JG, Downie LE. Nutrition and Eye Health. Nutrients. 2019;11(9):2123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu11092123. Published 2019 Sep 6.","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"1","key":"19482_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/nure.12077","volume":"72","author":"KA Weikel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weikel KA, Garber C, Baburins A, Taylor A. Nutritional modulation of cataract. Nutr Rev. 2014;72(1):30\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nure.12077.","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"19482_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.04.007","volume":"122","author":"TS Glaser","year":"2015","unstructured":"Glaser TS, Doss LE, Shih G, et al. The Association of Dietary Lutein plus Zeaxanthin and B Vitamins with Cataracts in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 37. Ophthalmology. 2015;122(7):1471\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.04.007.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"issue":"9","key":"19482_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15092043","volume":"15","author":"Y Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu Y, Xie Y, Yuan Y, et al. The Mediterranean Diet and Age-Related Eye Diseases: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2023;15(9):2043. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15092043. Published 2023 Apr 23.","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"5","key":"19482_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.122598","volume":"102","author":"SD Emmett","year":"2015","unstructured":"Emmett SD, West KP Jr. Nutrition and hearing loss: a neglected cause and global health burden. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;102(5):987\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.115.122598.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"19482_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2020.05.011","volume":"120","author":"L Rodrigo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rodrigo L, Campos-Asensio C, Rodr\u00edguez M\u00c1, Crespo I, Olmedillas H. Role of nutrition in the development and prevention of age-related hearing loss: A scoping review. J Formos Med Assoc. 2021;120(1 Pt 1):107\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jfma.2020.05.011.","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"19482_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4491","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054491","volume":"24","author":"MC Andreo-L\u00f3pez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Andreo-L\u00f3pez MC, Contreras-Bol\u00edvar V, Mu\u00f1oz-Torres M, Garc\u00eda-Fontana B, Garc\u00eda-Fontana C. Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Aging. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(5):4491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24054491. Published 2023 Feb 24.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"19482_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-021-1675-6","volume":"25","author":"E Mazza","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mazza E, Ferro Y, Pujia R, et al. Mediterranean Diet In Healthy Aging. J Nutr Health Aging. 2021;25(9):1076\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12603-021-1675-6.","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"2 Suppl 3","key":"19482_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E36","DOI":"10.15167\/2421-4248\/jpmh2022.63.2S3.2745","volume":"63","author":"AK Kiani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kiani AK, Medori MC, Bonetti G, et al. Modern vision of the Mediterranean diet. J Prev Med Hyg. 2022;63(2 Suppl 3):E36\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15167\/2421-4248\/jpmh2022.63.2S3.2745. Published 2022 Oct 17.","journal-title":"J Prev Med Hyg."},{"issue":"6","key":"19482_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.3109\/14992027.2013.780133","volume":"52","author":"C Spankovich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Spankovich C, Le Prell CG. Healthy diets, healthy hearing: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999\u20132002. Int J Audiol. 2013;52(6):369\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/14992027.2013.780133.","journal-title":"Int J Audiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"19482_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12040878","volume":"12","author":"D Tang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tang D, Tran Y, Dawes P, Gopinath B. A Narrative Review of Lifestyle Risk Factors and the Role of Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Hearing Loss. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023;12(4):878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox12040878. Published 2023 Apr 4.","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)."},{"issue":"13","key":"19482_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7348","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23137348","volume":"23","author":"D Kociszewska","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kociszewska D, Vlajkovic S. Age-Related Hearing Loss: The Link between Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Gut Dysbiosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(13):7348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23137348. Published 2022 Jul 1.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"19482_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.21775\/cimb.036.033","volume":"36","author":"N Salazar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salazar N, Gonz\u00e1lez S, Nogacka AM, et al. Microbiome: Effects of Ageing and Diet. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2020;36:33\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21775\/cimb.036.033.","journal-title":"Curr Issues Mol Biol"}],"container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-024-19482-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-024-19482-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-024-19482-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T19:02:28Z","timestamp":1722020548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12889-024-19482-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["19482"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-024-19482-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2458"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2458","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 May 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The project was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University, China (IRB00001052-13074), and all subjects or their respondents signed written informed consent for baseline and follow-up surveys.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1997"}}