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We evaluated prospective associations between exclusive, dual, and polytobacco use and diagnosed bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough among US youth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data came from Waves 1\u20135 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. We categorized time-varying past 30-day tobacco use into seven categories: (1) non-current use; exclusive use of 2) cigarettes, 3) e-cigarettes, and 4) other combustible products (OC; pipes, hookah, and cigars); dual use of 5) e-cigarettes\u2009+\u2009cigarettes or e-cigarettes\u2009+\u2009OC, and 6) cigarettes\u2009+\u2009OC; and 7) polyuse of all three products. The outcome was parent-reported diagnosis of bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough among youth. We conducted weighted multilevel Poisson models (person\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200917,517, 43,290 observations) to examine the longitudinal exposure-outcome relationship, adjusting for covariates: sex, age, race and ethnicity, parental education, body mass index, secondhand smoke exposure, and household use of combustible products.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to nonuse, exclusive cigarette use (Risk Ratio (RR)\u2009=\u20091.83, 95% CI 1.25\u20132.68), exclusive e-cigarette use (RR\u2009=\u20091.53, 95% CI 1.08\u20132.15), combustible product\u2009+\u2009e-cigarette dual use (RR\u2009=\u20091.90, 95% CI 1.18\u20133.04), cigarettes\u2009+\u2009OC dual use (RR\u2009=\u20091.96, 95% CI 1.11\u20133.48), and polytobacco use (RR\u2009=\u20093.06 95% CI 1.67\u20135.63) were associated with a higher risk of bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough. In additional analyses, we found that the risk ratio for polytobacco use was higher compared to exclusive e-cigarette use (RR 2.01 CI 95% 1.02\u20133.95), but not higher compared to exclusive cigarette use (RR 1.67 CI 95% 0.85\u20133.28).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found that exclusive, dual, and poly tobacco use were all associated with higher risk of bronchitis, pneumonia, or chronic cough compared to non-current use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19582-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T11:04:45Z","timestamp":1723115085000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Longitudinal associations between exclusive, dual and polytobacco use and respiratory illness among youth"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Luis","family":"Zavala-Arciniega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana L.","family":"Hirschtick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Mukerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Arenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey D.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David T.","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Meza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy L.","family":"Fleischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"19582_CR1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 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