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Participants (guardians) were fully informed about the purpose of the study, provided informed consent, and assured that their personal information would remain confidential, particularly given the sensitive nature of HIV\/AIDS. Ethical guidelines were strictly adhered to, ensuring that data was anonymized and securely stored to protect privacy, while the study took care not to reinforce any stigma or discrimination. The voluntary nature of participation was emphasized, and access to psychological support was made available to participants who may have experienced emotional distress during the research. Cultural sensitivity was maintained throughout, respecting local beliefs and practices in Southwest Ethiopia to ensure that the research was culturally appropriate. The principles of beneficence and non-maleficence guided the study, seeking to benefit both the participants and the wider community while minimizing potential harm. 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