{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:11:11Z","timestamp":1787062271687,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Under Thailand\u2019s universal health coverage every citizen has access to primary care including free hypertension treatment. This study describes temporal trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in Thailand.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Data were analyzed from four survey cycles of Thailand\u2019s National Health Examination Survey (NHES), between 2004 and 2019\u20132020. The NHES is a nationally-representative cross-sectional survey conducted every five years using a multistage probability sample. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure\u2009&gt;\u2009=\u2009140 or diastolic blood pressure\u2009&gt;\u2009=\u200990 mmHg or currently taking antihypertensive medicines; blood pressure control was defined as &lt;\u2009140\/90 mmHg for patients without diabetes and &lt;\u2009130\/80 mmHg for those with diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In 2019\u20132020, age-standardized hypertension prevalence in Thailand was 25.7% (24.6% females, 26.8% males). Among people with hypertension, 51.5% were aware of their diagnosis, 47.9% were treated, and 22.7% had controlled blood pressure. Age-standardized hypertension prevalence remained relatively unchanged in Thai adults from 2004 to 2019\u20132020, however trends varied by age group. Hypertension control increased from 8.8% in 2004 to a peak of 30% in 2014 but dropped to 22.7% by 2019\u20132020. Hypertension awareness increased from 30.7 to 55.8% between 2004 and 2014, but decreased to 51.5% by 2019\u20132020.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Hypertension prevalence in Thailand has remained high over the past 15 years. Despite universal health coverage, hypertension awareness has not improved and blood pressure control has decreased in the past five years. An urgent and concerted public health response is needed to improve diagnosis and control of hypertension to prevent avoidable cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20643-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T22:13:09Z","timestamp":1731535989000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in the Thai population, 2004 to 2020"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Wichai","family":"Aekplakorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suwat","family":"Chariyalertsak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pattapong","family":"Kessomboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sawitri","family":"Assanangkornchai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surasak","family":"Taneepanichskul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Cazabon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nareemarn","family":"Neelapaichit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Obehioye","family":"Aimiosior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"20643_CR1","volume-title":"Noncommunicable diseases country profiles","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Noncommunicable diseases country profiles. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019."},{"key":"20643_CR2","unstructured":"Health data center. Ministry of Public health website: available from https:\/\/hdcservice.moph.go.th\/hdc\/reports\/report.php?source=formated\/ncd.php&cat_id=6a1fdf282fd28180eed7d1cfe0155e116a1fdf282fd28180eed7d1cfe0155e11&id=3092c3c3250ae67155f7e134680c4152. Accessed 2024 Nov 4."},{"issue":"1","key":"20643_CR3","first-page":"58","volume":"14","author":"KS Tan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tan KS, Pandian JD, Liu L, Toyoda K, Leung TWH, Uchiyama S, et al. Stroke in Asia. Cerebrovasc Dis Extra. 2024;14(1):58\u201375.","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis Extra"},{"key":"20643_CR4","unstructured":"World Health Organization Country Office of Thailand. Hypertension care in Thailand: best practices and challenges. 2019."},{"issue":"9","key":"20643_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3283568158","volume":"30","author":"W Aekplakorn","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aekplakorn W, Sangthong R, Kessomboon P, Putwatana P, Inthawong R, Taneepanichskul S, et al. Changes in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Thai population, 2004\u20132009: Thai National Health Examination Survey III-IV. J Hypertens. 2012;30(9):1734\u201342.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"20643_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-6175.2005.04377.x","volume":"7","author":"TG Pickering","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pickering TG, Hall JE, Appel LJ, Falkner BE, Graves JW, Hill MN, et al. Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans: an AHA scientific statement from the Council on High Blood Pressure Research Professional and Public Education Subcommittee. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2005;7:102\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"key":"20643_CR7","unstructured":"Sukonthasarn A, Audhya R, Sitthisook S, Chattranukulchai P, Roubsanthisuk W, Saengwattanaroj S et al. 2019 Thai Guidelines on The Treatment of Hypertension. 2019."},{"key":"20643_CR8","volume-title":"Guideline for the pharmacological treatment of hypertension in adults","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Guideline for the pharmacological treatment of hypertension in adults. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021."},{"key":"20643_CR9","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Hypertension 2023 [ https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hypertension. 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